Jitsi Meet on Docker

Jitsi is a set of Open Source projects that allows you to easily build and deploy secure videoconferencing solutions.

Jitsi Meet is a fully encrypted, 100% Open Source video conferencing solution that you can use all day, every day, for free — with no account needed.

This repository contains the necessary tools to run a Jitsi Meet stack on Docker using Docker Compose.

Table of contents

• Quick start
• Architecture
  • Images
  • Design considerations
• Configurations
  • Advanced configuration
  • Running behind NAT or on a LAN environment
• Build Instructions
• ToDo

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Quick start

In order to quickly run Jitsi Meet on a machine running Docker and Docker Compose, follow these steps:

• Download and extract the latest release
  • Alternatively, to test the latest changes clone the repository: git clone https://github.com/jitsi/docker-jitsi-meet && cd docker-jitsi-meet
• Create a .env file by copying and adjusting env.example
  • cp env.example .env
  • Set strong passwords in the security section options: ./gen-passwords.sh
• Create required CONFIG directories
  • mkdir -p ~/.jitsi-meet-cfg/{web/letsencrypt,transcripts,prosody,jicofo,jvb,jigasi,jibri}
• Run docker-compose up -d
• Access the web UI at https://localhost:8443 (or a different port, in case you edited the compose file).

Note that HTTP (not HTTPS) is also available (on port 8000, by default), but that's e.g. for a reverse proxy setup; direct access via HTTP instead HTTPS leads to WebRTC errors such as Failed to access your microphone/camera: Cannot use microphone/camera for an unknown reason. Cannot read property 'getUserMedia' of undefined or navigator.mediaDevices is undefined.

If you want to use jigasi too, first configure your env file with SIP credentials and then run Docker Compose as follows: docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f jigasi.yml up

If you want to enable document sharing via Etherpad, configure it and run Docker Compose as follows: docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f etherpad.yml up

If you want to use jibri too, first configure a host as described in JItsi BRoadcasting Infrastructure configuration section and then run Docker Compose as follows: docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f jibri.yml up -d or to use jigasi too: docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml -f jigasi.yml -f jibri.yml up -d

Security note

This setup used to have default passwords for internal accounts used across components. In order to make the default setup secure by default these have been removed and the respective containers won't start without having a password set.

Strong passwords may be generated as follows: ./gen-passwords.sh This will modify your .env file (a backup is saved in .env.bak) and set strong passwords for each of the required options. Passwords are generated using openssl rand -hex 16 .

DO NOT reuse any of the passwords.

Architecture

A Jitsi Meet installation can be broken down into the following components:

• A web interface
• An XMPP server
• A conference focus component
• A video router (could be more than one)
• A SIP gateway for audio calls
• A Broadcasting Infrastructure for recording or streaming a conference.

The diagram shows a typical deployment in a host running Docker. This project separates each of the components above into interlinked containers. To this end, several container images are provided.

External Ports

The following external ports must be opened on a firewall:

• 80/tcp for Web UI HTTP (really just to redirect, after uncommenting ENABLE_HTTP_REDIRECT=1 in .env)
• 443/tcp for Web UI HTTPS
• 4443/tcp for RTP media over TCP
• 10000/udp for RTP media over UDP

Also 20000-20050/udp for jigasi, in case you choose to deploy that to facilitate SIP access.

E.g. on a CentOS/Fedora server this would be done like this (without SIP access):

    $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=80/tcp
    $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=443/tcp
    $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=4443/tcp
    $ sudo firewall-cmd --permanent --add-port=10000/udp
    $ sudo firewall-cmd --reload

Images

• base: Debian stable base image with the S6 Overlay for process control and the Jitsi repositories enabled. All other images are based on this one.
• base-java: Same as the above, plus Java (OpenJDK).
• web: Jitsi Meet web UI, served with nginx.
• prosody: Prosody, the XMPP server.
• jicofo: Jicofo, the XMPP focus component.
• jvb: Jitsi Videobridge, the video router.
• jigasi: Jigasi, the SIP (audio only) gateway.
• etherpad: Etherpad, shared document editing addon.
• jibri: Jibri, the broadcasting infrastructure.

Design considerations

Jitsi Meet uses XMPP for signaling, thus the need for the XMPP server. The setup provided by these containers does not expose the XMPP server to the outside world. Instead, it's kept completely sealed, and routing of XMPP traffic only happens on a user-defined network.

The XMPP server can be exposed to the outside world, but that's out of the scope of this project.

Configuration

The configuration is performed via environment variables contained in a .env file. You can copy the provided env.example file as a reference.

IMPORTANT: At the moment, the configuration is not regenerated on every container boot, so if you make any changes to your .env file, make sure you remove the configuration directory before starting your containers again.

Variable	Description	Example
CONFIG	Directory where all configuration will be stored	/opt/jitsi-meet-cfg
TZ	System Time Zone	Europe/Amsterdam
HTTP_PORT	Exposed port for HTTP traffic	8000
HTTPS_PORT	Exposed port for HTTPS traffic	8443
DOCKER_HOST_ADDRESS	IP address of the Docker host, needed for LAN environments	192.168.1.1
PUBLIC_URL	Public URL for the web service	https://meet.example.com

NOTE: The mobile apps won't work with self-signed certificates (the default). See below for instructions on how to obtain a proper certificate with Let's Encrypt.

Let's Encrypt configuration

If you plan on exposing this container setup to the outside traffic directly and want a proper TLS certificate, you are in luck because Let's Encrypt support is built right in. Here are the required options:

Variable	Description	Example
ENABLE_LETSENCRYPT	Enable Let's Encrypt certificate generation	1
LETSENCRYPT_DOMAIN	Domain for which to generate the certificate	meet.example.com
LETSENCRYPT_EMAIL	E-Mail for receiving important account notifications (mandatory)	alice@atlanta.net

In addition, you will need to set HTTP_PORT to 80 and HTTPS_PORT to 443.

SIP gateway configuration

If you want to enable the SIP gateway, these options are required:

Variable	Description	Example
JIGASI_SIP_URI	SIP URI for incoming / outgoing calls	test@sip2sip.info
JIGASI_SIP_PASSWORD	Password for the specified SIP account	passw0rd
JIGASI_SIP_SERVER	SIP server (use the SIP account domain if in doubt)	sip2sip.info
JIGASI_SIP_PORT	SIP server port	5060
JIGASI_SIP_TRANSPORT	SIP transport	UDP

JItsi BRoadcasting Infrastructure (Jibri) configuration

Before running Jibri, you need to set up an ALSA loopback device on the host. This will not work on a non-Linux host.

For CentOS 7, the module is already compiled with the kernel, so just run:

# configure 5 capture/playback interfaces
echo "options snd-aloop enable=1,1,1,1,1 index=0,1,2,3,4" > /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-loopback.conf
# setup autoload the module
echo "snd_aloop" > /etc/modules-load.d/snd_aloop.conf
# load the module
modprobe snd-aloop
# check that the module is loaded
lsmod | grep snd_aloop

For Ubuntu:

# install the module
apt update && apt install linux-image-extra-virtual
# configure 5 capture/playback interfaces
echo "options snd-aloop enable=1,1,1,1,1 index=0,1,2,3,4" > /etc/modprobe.d/alsa-loopback.conf
# setup autoload the module
echo "snd-aloop" >> /etc/modules
# check that the module is loaded
lsmod | grep snd_aloop

NOTE: If you are running on AWS you may need to reboot your machine to use the generic kernel instead of the "aws" kernel. If after reboot, your machine is still using the "aws" kernel, you'll need to manually update the grub file. So just run:

# open the grub file in editor
nano /etc/default/grub
# Modify the value of GRUB_DEFAULT from "0" to "1>2"
# Save and exit from file

# Update grub
update-grub
# Reboot the machine
reboot now

If you want to enable Jibri these options are required:

Variable	Description	Example
ENABLE_RECORDING	Enable recording conference to local disk	1

Extended Jibri configuration:

Variable	Description	Example
JIBRI_RECORDER_USER	Internal recorder user for Jibri client connections	recorder
JIBRI_RECORDER_PASSWORD	Internal recorder password for Jibri client connections	passw0rd
JIBRI_RECORDING_DIR	Directory for recordings inside Jibri container	/config/recordings
JIBRI_FINALIZE_RECORDING_SCRIPT_PATH	The finalizing script. Will run after recording is complete	/config/finalize.sh
JIBRI_XMPP_USER	Internal user for Jibri client connections.	jibri
JIBRI_RECORDER_PASSWORD	Internal user for Jibri client connections	passw0rd
JIBRI_STRIP_DOMAIN_JID	Prefix domain for strip inside Jibri (please see env.example for details)	muc
JIBRI_BREWERY_MUC	MUC name for the Jibri pool	jibribrewery
JIBRI_PENDING_TIMEOUT	MUC connection timeout	90
JIBRI_LOGS_DIR	Directory for logs inside Jibri container	/config/logs

For using multiple Jibri instances, you have to select different loopback interfaces for each instance manually.

Set interface in file `/home/jibri/.asoundrc` inside a docker container.

Default the first instance has:

...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,0,0"
...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,0,1"
...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,1,1"
...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback,1,0"
...

To setup the second instance, run container with changed /home/jibri/.asoundrc:

...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback_1,0,0"
...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback_1,0,1"
...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback_1,1,1"
...
slave.pcm "hw:Loopback_1,1,0"
...

Also you can use numbering id for set loopback interface. The third instance will have .asoundrc that looks like:

...
slave.pcm "hw:2,0,0"
...
slave.pcm "hw:2,0,1"
...
slave.pcm "hw:2,1,1"
...
slave.pcm "hw:2,1,0"
...

Authentication

Authentication can be controlled with the environment variables below. If guest access is enabled, unauthenticated users will need to wait until a user authenticates before they can join a room. If guest access is not enabled, every user will need to authenticate before they can join.

Variable	Description	Example
ENABLE_AUTH	Enable authentication	1
ENABLE_GUESTS	Enable guest access	1
AUTH_TYPE	Select authentication type (internal, jwt or ldap)	internal

Internal authentication

The default authentication mode (internal) uses XMPP credentials to authenticate users. To enable it you have to enable authentication with ENABLE_AUTH and set AUTH_TYPE to internal, then configure the settings you can see below.

Internal users must be created with the prosodyctl utility in the prosody container. In order to do that, first, execute a shell in the corresponding container:

docker-compose exec prosody /bin/bash

Once in the container, run the following command to create a user:

prosodyctl --config /config/prosody.cfg.lua register TheDesiredUsername meet.jitsi TheDesiredPassword

Note that the command produces no output.

Authentication using LDAP

You can use LDAP to authenticate users. To enable it you have to enable authentication with ENABLE_AUTH and set AUTH_TYPE to ldap, then configure the settings you can see below.

Variable	Description	Example
LDAP_URL	URL for ldap connection	ldaps://ldap.domain.com/
LDAP_BASE	LDAP base DN. Can be empty.	DC=example,DC=domain,DC=com
LDAP_BINDDN	LDAP user DN. Do not specify this parameter for the anonymous bind.	CN=binduser,OU=users,DC=example,DC=domain,DC=com
LDAP_BINDPW	LDAP user password. Do not specify this parameter for the anonymous bind.	LdapUserPassw0rd
LDAP_FILTER	LDAP filter.	(sAMAccountName=%u)
LDAP_AUTH_METHOD	LDAP authentication method.	bind
LDAP_VERSION	LDAP protocol version	3
LDAP_USE_TLS	Enable LDAP TLS	1
LDAP_TLS_CIPHERS	Set TLS ciphers list to allow	SECURE256:SECURE128
LDAP_TLS_CHECK_PEER	Require and verify LDAP server certificate	1
LDAP_TLS_CACERT_FILE	Path to CA cert file. Used when server certificate verification is enabled	/etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
LDAP_TLS_CACERT_DIR	Path to CA certs directory. Used when server certificate verification is enabled.	/etc/ssl/certs
LDAP_START_TLS	Enable START_TLS, requires LDAPv3, URL must be ldap:// not ldaps://	0

Authentication using JWT tokens

You can use JWT tokens to authenticate users. To enable it you have to enable authentication with ENABLE_AUTH and set AUTH_TYPE to jwt, then configure the settings you can see below.

Variable	Description	Example
JWT_APP_ID	Application identifier	my_jitsi_app_id
JWT_APP_SECRET	Application secret known only to your token	my_jitsi_app_secret
JWT_ACCEPTED_ISSUERS	(Optional) Set asap_accepted_issuers as a comma separated list	my_web_client,my_app_client
JWT_ACCEPTED_AUDIENCES	(Optional) Set asap_accepted_audiences as a comma separated list	my_server1,my_server2
JWT_ASAP_KEYSERVER	(Optional) Set asap_keyserver to a url where public keys can be found	https://example.com/asap
JWT_ALLOW_EMPTY	(Optional) Allow anonymous users with no JWT while validating JWTs when provided	0
JWT_AUTH_TYPE	(Optional) Controls which module is used for processing incoming JWTs	token
JWT_TOKEN_AUTH_MODULE	(Optional) Controls which module is used for validating JWTs	token_verification

This can be tested using the jwt.io debugger. Use the following sample payload:

{
  "context": {
    "user": {
      "avatar": "https://robohash.org/john-doe",
      "name": "John Doe",
      "email": "jdoe@example.com"
    }
  },
  "aud": "my_jitsi_app_id",
  "iss": "my_jitsi_app_id",
  "sub": "meet.jitsi",
  "room": "*"
}

Shared document editing using Etherpad

You can collaboratively edit a document via Etherpad. In order to enable it, set the config options below and run Docker Compose with the additional config file etherpad.yml.

Here are the required options:

Variable	Description	Example
ETHERPAD_URL_BASE	Set etherpad-lite URL	http://etherpad.meet.jitsi:9001

Transcription configuration

If you want to enable the Transcribing function, these options are required:

Variable	Description	Example
ENABLE_TRANSCRIPTIONS	Enable Jigasi transcription in a conference	1
GC_PROJECT_ID	project_id from Google Cloud Credentials
GC_PRIVATE_KEY_ID	private_key_id from Google Cloud Credentials
GC_PRIVATE_KEY	private_key from Google Cloud Credentials
GC_CLIENT_EMAIL	client_email from Google Cloud Credentials
GC_CLIENT_ID	client_id from Google Cloud Credentials
GC_CLIENT_CERT_URL	client_x509_cert_url from Google Cloud Credentials

For setting the Google Cloud Credentials please read https://cloud.google.com/text-to-speech/docs/quickstart-protocol section "Before you begin" paragraph 1 to 5.

Advanced configuration

These configuration options are already set and generally don't need to be changed.

Variable	Description	Default value
XMPP_DOMAIN	Internal XMPP domain	meet.jitsi
XMPP_AUTH_DOMAIN	Internal XMPP domain for authenticated services	auth.meet.jitsi
XMPP_SERVER	Internal XMPP server name xmpp.meet.jitsi	xmpp.meet.jitsi
XMPP_BOSH_URL_BASE	Internal XMPP server URL for BOSH module	http://xmpp.meet.jitsi:5280
XMPP_MUC_DOMAIN	XMPP domain for the MUC	muc.meet.jitsi
XMPP_INTERNAL_MUC_DOMAIN	XMPP domain for the internal MUC	internal-muc.meet.jitsi
XMPP_GUEST_DOMAIN	XMPP domain for unauthenticated users	guest.meet.jitsi
XMPP_RECORDER_DOMAIN	Domain for the jibri recorder	recorder.meet.jitsi
XMPP_MODULES	Custom Prosody modules for XMPP_DOMAIN (comma separated)	info,alert
XMPP_MUC_MODULES	Custom Prosody modules for MUC component (comma separated)	info,alert
XMPP_INTERNAL_MUC_MODULES	Custom Prosody modules for internal MUC component (comma separated)	info,alert
GLOBAL_MODULES	Custom prosody modules to load in global configuration (comma separated)	statistics,alert
GLOBAL_CONFIG	Custom configuration string with escaped newlines	foo = bar;\nkey = val;
RESTART_POLICY	Container restart policy	defaults to unless-stopped
JICOFO_COMPONENT_SECRET	XMPP component password for Jicofo	s3cr37
JICOFO_AUTH_USER	XMPP user for Jicofo client connections	focus
JICOFO_AUTH_PASSWORD	XMPP password for Jicofo client connections	passw0rd
JICOFO_ENABLE_HEALTH_CHECKS	Enable health checks inside Jicofo, allowing the use of the REST api to check Jicofo's status	false
JVB_AUTH_USER	XMPP user for JVB MUC client connections	jvb
JVB_AUTH_PASSWORD	XMPP password for JVB MUC client connections	passw0rd
JVB_STUN_SERVERS	STUN servers used to discover the server's public IP	stun.l.google.com:19302, stun1.l.google.com:19302, stun2.l.google.com:19302
JVB_PORT	UDP port for media used by Jitsi Videobridge	10000
JVB_TCP_HARVESTER_DISABLED	Disable the additional harvester which allows video over TCP (rather than just UDP)	true
JVB_TCP_PORT	TCP port for media used by Jitsi Videobridge when the TCP Harvester is enabled	4443
JVB_TCP_MAPPED_PORT	TCP port advertised by Jitsi Videobridge	4443
JVB_BREWERY_MUC	MUC name for the JVB pool	jvbbrewery
JVB_ENABLE_APIS	Comma separated list of JVB APIs to enable	none
JIGASI_XMPP_USER	XMPP user for Jigasi MUC client connections	jigasi
JIGASI_XMPP_PASSWORD	XMPP password for Jigasi MUC client connections	passw0rd
JIGASI_BREWERY_MUC	MUC name for the Jigasi pool	jigasibrewery
JIGASI_PORT_MIN	Minimum port for media used by Jigasi	20000
JIGASI_PORT_MAX	Maximum port for media used by Jigasi	20050
JIGASI_ENABLE_SDES_SRTP	Enable SDES srtp	1
JIGASI_SIP_KEEP_ALIVE_METHOD	Keepalive method	OPTIONS
JIGASI_HEALTH_CHECK_SIP_URI	Health-check extension. Jigasi will call it for health check	keepalive
JIGASI_HEALTH_CHECK_INTERVAL	Interval of health check in milliseconds	300000
JIGASI_TRANSCRIBER_RECORD_AUDIO	Jigasi will record audio when transcriber is on	true
JIGASI_TRANSCRIBER_SEND_TXT	Jigasi will send a transcribed text to the chat when transcriber is on	true
JIGASI_TRANSCRIBER_ADVERTISE_URL	Jigasi will post an URL to the chat with transcription file	true
DISABLE_HTTPS	Handle TLS connections outside of this setup	1
ENABLE_HTTP_REDIRECT	Redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS (necessary for Let's Encrypt)	1
LOG_LEVEL	Controls which logs are output from prosody and associated modules	info

Running behind NAT or on a LAN environment

If running in a LAN environment (as well as on the public Internet, via NAT) is a requirement, the DOCKER_HOST_ADDRESS should be set. This way, the Videobridge will advertise the IP address of the host running Docker instead of the internal IP address that Docker assigned it, thus making ICE succeed. If your users are coming in over the Internet (and not over LAN), this will likely be your public IP address. If this is not set up correctly, calls will crash when more than two users join a meeting.

The public IP address is discovered via STUN. STUN servers can be specified with the JVB_STUN_SERVERS option.

Build Instructions

Building your images allows you to edit the configuration files of each image individually, providing more customization for your deployment.

The docker images can be built by running the make command in the main repository folder. If you need to overwrite existing images from the remote source, use FORCE_REBUILD=1 make.

If you are on the unstable branch, build the images with FORCE_REBUILD=1 JITSI_RELEASE=unstable make.

You are now able to run docker-compose up as usual.

TODO

• Support container replicas (where applicable).
• TURN server.