Official Go implementation of the Ethereum protocol
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go-ethereum/vendor/github.com/maruel/panicparse/stack/stack.go

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// Copyright 2015 Marc-Antoine Ruel. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
// that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Package stack analyzes stack dump of Go processes and simplifies it.
//
// It is mostly useful on servers will large number of identical goroutines,
// making the crash dump harder to read than strictly necesary.
package stack
import (
"bufio"
"bytes"
"errors"
"fmt"
"io"
"math"
"net/url"
"os"
"path/filepath"
"regexp"
"runtime"
"sort"
"strconv"
"strings"
"unicode"
"unicode/utf8"
)
const lockedToThread = "locked to thread"
var (
// TODO(maruel): Handle corrupted stack cases:
// - missed stack barrier
// - found next stack barrier at 0x123; expected
// - runtime: unexpected return pc for FUNC_NAME called from 0x123
reRoutineHeader = regexp.MustCompile("^goroutine (\\d+) \\[([^\\]]+)\\]\\:\n$")
reMinutes = regexp.MustCompile("^(\\d+) minutes$")
reUnavail = regexp.MustCompile("^(?:\t| +)goroutine running on other thread; stack unavailable")
// See gentraceback() in src/runtime/traceback.go for more information.
// - Sometimes the source file comes up as "<autogenerated>". It is the
// compiler than generated these, not the runtime.
// - The tab may be replaced with spaces when a user copy-paste it, handle
// this transparently.
// - "runtime.gopanic" is explicitly replaced with "panic" by gentraceback().
// - The +0x123 byte offset is printed when frame.pc > _func.entry. _func is
// generated by the linker.
// - The +0x123 byte offset is not included with generated code, e.g. unnamed
// functions "func·006()" which is generally go func() { ... }()
// statements. Since the _func is generated at runtime, it's probably why
// _func.entry is not set.
// - C calls may have fp=0x123 sp=0x123 appended. I think it normally happens
// when a signal is not correctly handled. It is printed with m.throwing>0.
// These are discarded.
// - For cgo, the source file may be "??".
reFile = regexp.MustCompile("^(?:\t| +)(\\?\\?|\\<autogenerated\\>|.+\\.(?:c|go|s))\\:(\\d+)(?:| \\+0x[0-9a-f]+)(?:| fp=0x[0-9a-f]+ sp=0x[0-9a-f]+)\n$")
// Sadly, it doesn't note the goroutine number so we could cascade them per
// parenthood.
reCreated = regexp.MustCompile("^created by (.+)\n$")
reFunc = regexp.MustCompile("^(.+)\\((.*)\\)\n$")
reElided = regexp.MustCompile("^\\.\\.\\.additional frames elided\\.\\.\\.\n$")
// Include frequent GOROOT value on Windows, distro provided and user
// installed path. This simplifies the user's life when processing a trace
// generated on another VM.
// TODO(maruel): Guess the path automatically via traces containing the
// 'runtime' package, which is very frequent. This would be "less bad" than
// throwing up random values at the parser.
goroots = []string{runtime.GOROOT(), "c:/go", "/usr/lib/go", "/usr/local/go"}
)
// Similarity is the level at which two call lines arguments must match to be
// considered similar enough to coalesce them.
type Similarity int
const (
// ExactFlags requires same bits (e.g. Locked).
ExactFlags Similarity = iota
// ExactLines requests the exact same arguments on the call line.
ExactLines
// AnyPointer considers different pointers a similar call line.
AnyPointer
// AnyValue accepts any value as similar call line.
AnyValue
)
// Function is a function call.
//
// Go stack traces print a mangled function call, this wrapper unmangle the
// string before printing and adds other filtering methods.
type Function struct {
Raw string
}
// String is the fully qualified function name.
//
// Sadly Go is a bit confused when the package name doesn't match the directory
// containing the source file and will use the directory name instead of the
// real package name.
func (f Function) String() string {
s, _ := url.QueryUnescape(f.Raw)
return s
}
// Name is the naked function name.
func (f Function) Name() string {
parts := strings.SplitN(filepath.Base(f.Raw), ".", 2)
if len(parts) == 1 {
return parts[0]
}
return parts[1]
}
// PkgName is the package name for this function reference.
func (f Function) PkgName() string {
parts := strings.SplitN(filepath.Base(f.Raw), ".", 2)
if len(parts) == 1 {
return ""
}
s, _ := url.QueryUnescape(parts[0])
return s
}
// PkgDotName returns "<package>.<func>" format.
func (f Function) PkgDotName() string {
parts := strings.SplitN(filepath.Base(f.Raw), ".", 2)
s, _ := url.QueryUnescape(parts[0])
if len(parts) == 1 {
return parts[0]
}
if s != "" || parts[1] != "" {
return s + "." + parts[1]
}
return ""
}
// IsExported returns true if the function is exported.
func (f Function) IsExported() bool {
name := f.Name()
parts := strings.Split(name, ".")
r, _ := utf8.DecodeRuneInString(parts[len(parts)-1])
if unicode.ToUpper(r) == r {
return true
}
return f.PkgName() == "main" && name == "main"
}
// Arg is an argument on a Call.
type Arg struct {
Value uint64 // Value is the raw value as found in the stack trace
Name string // Name is a pseudo name given to the argument
}
// IsPtr returns true if we guess it's a pointer. It's only a guess, it can be
// easily be confused by a bitmask.
func (a *Arg) IsPtr() bool {
// Assumes all pointers are above 16Mb and positive.
return a.Value > 16*1024*1024 && a.Value < math.MaxInt64
}
func (a Arg) String() string {
if a.Name != "" {
return a.Name
}
if a.Value == 0 {
return "0"
}
return fmt.Sprintf("0x%x", a.Value)
}
// Args is a series of function call arguments.
type Args struct {
Values []Arg // Values is the arguments as shown on the stack trace. They are mangled via simplification.
Processed []string // Processed is the arguments generated from processing the source files. It can have a length lower than Values.
Elided bool // If set, it means there was a trailing ", ..."
}
func (a Args) String() string {
var v []string
if len(a.Processed) != 0 {
v = make([]string, 0, len(a.Processed))
for _, item := range a.Processed {
v = append(v, item)
}
} else {
v = make([]string, 0, len(a.Values))
for _, item := range a.Values {
v = append(v, item.String())
}
}
if a.Elided {
v = append(v, "...")
}
return strings.Join(v, ", ")
}
// Equal returns true only if both arguments are exactly equal.
func (a *Args) Equal(r *Args) bool {
if a.Elided != r.Elided || len(a.Values) != len(r.Values) {
return false
}
for i, l := range a.Values {
if l != r.Values[i] {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// Similar returns true if the two Args are equal or almost but not quite
// equal.
func (a *Args) Similar(r *Args, similar Similarity) bool {
if a.Elided != r.Elided || len(a.Values) != len(r.Values) {
return false
}
if similar == AnyValue {
return true
}
for i, l := range a.Values {
switch similar {
case ExactFlags, ExactLines:
if l != r.Values[i] {
return false
}
default:
if l.IsPtr() != r.Values[i].IsPtr() || (!l.IsPtr() && l != r.Values[i]) {
return false
}
}
}
return true
}
// Merge merges two similar Args, zapping out differences.
func (a *Args) Merge(r *Args) Args {
out := Args{
Values: make([]Arg, len(a.Values)),
Elided: a.Elided,
}
for i, l := range a.Values {
if l != r.Values[i] {
out.Values[i].Name = "*"
out.Values[i].Value = l.Value
} else {
out.Values[i] = l
}
}
return out
}
// Call is an item in the stack trace.
type Call struct {
SourcePath string // Full path name of the source file
Line int // Line number
Func Function // Fully qualified function name (encoded).
Args Args // Call arguments
}
// Equal returns true only if both calls are exactly equal.
func (c *Call) Equal(r *Call) bool {
return c.SourcePath == r.SourcePath && c.Line == r.Line && c.Func == r.Func && c.Args.Equal(&r.Args)
}
// Similar returns true if the two Call are equal or almost but not quite
// equal.
func (c *Call) Similar(r *Call, similar Similarity) bool {
return c.SourcePath == r.SourcePath && c.Line == r.Line && c.Func == r.Func && c.Args.Similar(&r.Args, similar)
}
// Merge merges two similar Call, zapping out differences.
func (c *Call) Merge(r *Call) Call {
return Call{
SourcePath: c.SourcePath,
Line: c.Line,
Func: c.Func,
Args: c.Args.Merge(&r.Args),
}
}
// SourceName returns the base file name of the source file.
func (c *Call) SourceName() string {
return filepath.Base(c.SourcePath)
}
// SourceLine returns "source.go:line", including only the base file name.
func (c *Call) SourceLine() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", c.SourceName(), c.Line)
}
// FullSourceLine returns "/path/to/source.go:line".
func (c *Call) FullSourceLine() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d", c.SourcePath, c.Line)
}
// PkgSource is one directory plus the file name of the source file.
func (c *Call) PkgSource() string {
return filepath.Join(filepath.Base(filepath.Dir(c.SourcePath)), c.SourceName())
}
const testMainSource = "_test" + string(os.PathSeparator) + "_testmain.go"
// IsStdlib returns true if it is a Go standard library function. This includes
// the 'go test' generated main executable.
func (c *Call) IsStdlib() bool {
for _, goroot := range goroots {
if strings.HasPrefix(c.SourcePath, goroot) {
return true
}
}
// Consider _test/_testmain.go as stdlib since it's injected by "go test".
return c.PkgSource() == testMainSource
}
// IsPkgMain returns true if it is in the main package.
func (c *Call) IsPkgMain() bool {
return c.Func.PkgName() == "main"
}
// Stack is a call stack.
type Stack struct {
Calls []Call // Call stack. First is original function, last is leaf function.
Elided bool // Happens when there's >100 items in Stack, currently hardcoded in package runtime.
}
// Equal returns true on if both call stacks are exactly equal.
func (s *Stack) Equal(r *Stack) bool {
if len(s.Calls) != len(r.Calls) || s.Elided != r.Elided {
return false
}
for i := range s.Calls {
if !s.Calls[i].Equal(&r.Calls[i]) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// Similar returns true if the two Stack are equal or almost but not quite
// equal.
func (s *Stack) Similar(r *Stack, similar Similarity) bool {
if len(s.Calls) != len(r.Calls) || s.Elided != r.Elided {
return false
}
for i := range s.Calls {
if !s.Calls[i].Similar(&r.Calls[i], similar) {
return false
}
}
return true
}
// Merge merges two similar Stack, zapping out differences.
func (s *Stack) Merge(r *Stack) *Stack {
// Assumes similar stacks have the same length.
out := &Stack{
Calls: make([]Call, len(s.Calls)),
Elided: s.Elided,
}
for i := range s.Calls {
out.Calls[i] = s.Calls[i].Merge(&r.Calls[i])
}
return out
}
// Less compares two Stack, where the ones that are less are more
// important, so they come up front. A Stack with more private functions is
// 'less' so it is at the top. Inversely, a Stack with only public
// functions is 'more' so it is at the bottom.
func (s *Stack) Less(r *Stack) bool {
lStdlib := 0
lPrivate := 0
for _, c := range s.Calls {
if c.IsStdlib() {
lStdlib++
} else {
lPrivate++
}
}
rStdlib := 0
rPrivate := 0
for _, s := range r.Calls {
if s.IsStdlib() {
rStdlib++
} else {
rPrivate++
}
}
if lPrivate > rPrivate {
return true
}
if lPrivate < rPrivate {
return false
}
if lStdlib > rStdlib {
return false
}
if lStdlib < rStdlib {
return true
}
// Stack lengths are the same.
for x := range s.Calls {
if s.Calls[x].Func.Raw < r.Calls[x].Func.Raw {
return true
}
if s.Calls[x].Func.Raw > r.Calls[x].Func.Raw {
return true
}
if s.Calls[x].PkgSource() < r.Calls[x].PkgSource() {
return true
}
if s.Calls[x].PkgSource() > r.Calls[x].PkgSource() {
return true
}
if s.Calls[x].Line < r.Calls[x].Line {
return true
}
if s.Calls[x].Line > r.Calls[x].Line {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// Signature represents the signature of one or multiple goroutines.
//
// It is effectively the stack trace plus the goroutine internal bits, like
// it's state, if it is thread locked, which call site created this goroutine,
// etc.
type Signature struct {
// Use git grep 'gopark(|unlock)\(' to find them all plus everything listed
// in runtime/traceback.go. Valid values includes:
// - chan send, chan receive, select
// - finalizer wait, mark wait (idle),
// - Concurrent GC wait, GC sweep wait, force gc (idle)
// - IO wait, panicwait
// - semacquire, semarelease
// - sleep, timer goroutine (idle)
// - trace reader (blocked)
// Stuck cases:
// - chan send (nil chan), chan receive (nil chan), select (no cases)
// Runnable states:
// - idle, runnable, running, syscall, waiting, dead, enqueue, copystack,
// Scan states:
// - scan, scanrunnable, scanrunning, scansyscall, scanwaiting, scandead,
// scanenqueue
State string
CreatedBy Call // Which other goroutine which created this one.
SleepMin int // Wait time in minutes, if applicable.
SleepMax int // Wait time in minutes, if applicable.
Stack Stack
Locked bool // Locked to an OS thread.
}
// Equal returns true only if both signatures are exactly equal.
func (s *Signature) Equal(r *Signature) bool {
if s.State != r.State || !s.CreatedBy.Equal(&r.CreatedBy) || s.Locked != r.Locked || s.SleepMin != r.SleepMin || s.SleepMax != r.SleepMax {
return false
}
return s.Stack.Equal(&r.Stack)
}
// Similar returns true if the two Signature are equal or almost but not quite
// equal.
func (s *Signature) Similar(r *Signature, similar Similarity) bool {
if s.State != r.State || !s.CreatedBy.Similar(&r.CreatedBy, similar) {
return false
}
if similar == ExactFlags && s.Locked != r.Locked {
return false
}
return s.Stack.Similar(&r.Stack, similar)
}
// Merge merges two similar Signature, zapping out differences.
func (s *Signature) Merge(r *Signature) *Signature {
min := s.SleepMin
if r.SleepMin < min {
min = r.SleepMin
}
max := s.SleepMax
if r.SleepMax > max {
max = r.SleepMax
}
return &Signature{
State: s.State, // Drop right side.
CreatedBy: s.CreatedBy, // Drop right side.
SleepMin: min,
SleepMax: max,
Stack: *s.Stack.Merge(&r.Stack),
Locked: s.Locked || r.Locked, // TODO(maruel): This is weirdo.
}
}
// Less compares two Signature, where the ones that are less are more
// important, so they come up front. A Signature with more private functions is
// 'less' so it is at the top. Inversely, a Signature with only public
// functions is 'more' so it is at the bottom.
func (s *Signature) Less(r *Signature) bool {
if s.Stack.Less(&r.Stack) {
return true
}
if r.Stack.Less(&s.Stack) {
return false
}
if s.Locked && !r.Locked {
return true
}
if r.Locked && !s.Locked {
return false
}
if s.State < r.State {
return true
}
if s.State > r.State {
return false
}
return false
}
// Goroutine represents the state of one goroutine, including the stack trace.
type Goroutine struct {
Signature // It's stack trace, internal bits, state, which call site created it, etc.
ID int // Goroutine ID.
First bool // First is the goroutine first printed, normally the one that crashed.
}
// Bucketize returns the number of similar goroutines.
func Bucketize(goroutines []Goroutine, similar Similarity) map[*Signature][]Goroutine {
out := map[*Signature][]Goroutine{}
// O(n²). Fix eventually.
for _, routine := range goroutines {
found := false
for key := range out {
// When a match is found, this effectively drops the other goroutine ID.
if key.Similar(&routine.Signature, similar) {
found = true
if !key.Equal(&routine.Signature) {
// Almost but not quite equal. There's different pointers passed
// around but the same values. Zap out the different values.
newKey := key.Merge(&routine.Signature)
out[newKey] = append(out[key], routine)
delete(out, key)
} else {
out[key] = append(out[key], routine)
}
break
}
}
if !found {
key := &Signature{}
*key = routine.Signature
out[key] = []Goroutine{routine}
}
}
return out
}
// Bucket is a stack trace signature and the list of goroutines that fits this
// signature.
type Bucket struct {
Signature
Routines []Goroutine
}
// First returns true if it contains the first goroutine, e.g. the ones that
// likely generated the panic() call, if any.
func (b *Bucket) First() bool {
for _, r := range b.Routines {
if r.First {
return true
}
}
return false
}
// Less does reverse sort.
func (b *Bucket) Less(r *Bucket) bool {
if b.First() {
return true
}
if r.First() {
return false
}
return b.Signature.Less(&r.Signature)
}
// Buckets is a list of Bucket sorted by repeation count.
type Buckets []Bucket
func (b Buckets) Len() int {
return len(b)
}
func (b Buckets) Less(i, j int) bool {
return b[i].Less(&b[j])
}
func (b Buckets) Swap(i, j int) {
b[j], b[i] = b[i], b[j]
}
// SortBuckets creates a list of Bucket from each goroutine stack trace count.
func SortBuckets(buckets map[*Signature][]Goroutine) Buckets {
out := make(Buckets, 0, len(buckets))
for signature, count := range buckets {
out = append(out, Bucket{*signature, count})
}
sort.Sort(out)
return out
}
// scanLines is similar to bufio.ScanLines except that it:
// - doesn't drop '\n'
// - doesn't strip '\r'
// - returns when the data is bufio.MaxScanTokenSize bytes
func scanLines(data []byte, atEOF bool) (advance int, token []byte, err error) {
if atEOF && len(data) == 0 {
return 0, nil, nil
}
if i := bytes.IndexByte(data, '\n'); i >= 0 {
return i + 1, data[0 : i+1], nil
}
if atEOF {
return len(data), data, nil
}
if len(data) >= bufio.MaxScanTokenSize {
// Returns the line even if it is not at EOF nor has a '\n', otherwise the
// scanner will return bufio.ErrTooLong which is definitely not what we
// want.
return len(data), data, nil
}
return 0, nil, nil
}
// ParseDump processes the output from runtime.Stack().
//
// It supports piping from another command and assumes there is junk before the
// actual stack trace. The junk is streamed to out.
func ParseDump(r io.Reader, out io.Writer) ([]Goroutine, error) {
goroutines := make([]Goroutine, 0, 16)
var goroutine *Goroutine
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r)
scanner.Split(scanLines)
// TODO(maruel): Use a formal state machine. Patterns follows:
// - reRoutineHeader
// Either:
// - reUnavail
// - reFunc + reFile in a loop
// - reElided
// Optionally ends with:
// - reCreated + reFile
// Between each goroutine stack dump: an empty line
created := false
// firstLine is the first line after the reRoutineHeader header line.
firstLine := false
for scanner.Scan() {
line := scanner.Text()
if line == "\n" {
if goroutine != nil {
goroutine = nil
continue
}
} else if line[len(line)-1] == '\n' {
if goroutine == nil {
if match := reRoutineHeader.FindStringSubmatch(line); match != nil {
if id, err := strconv.Atoi(match[1]); err == nil {
// See runtime/traceback.go.
// "<state>, \d+ minutes, locked to thread"
items := strings.Split(match[2], ", ")
sleep := 0
locked := false
for i := 1; i < len(items); i++ {
if items[i] == lockedToThread {
locked = true
continue
}
// Look for duration, if any.
if match2 := reMinutes.FindStringSubmatch(items[i]); match2 != nil {
sleep, _ = strconv.Atoi(match2[1])
}
}
goroutines = append(goroutines, Goroutine{
Signature: Signature{
State: items[0],
SleepMin: sleep,
SleepMax: sleep,
Locked: locked,
},
ID: id,
First: len(goroutines) == 0,
})
goroutine = &goroutines[len(goroutines)-1]
firstLine = true
continue
}
}
} else {
if firstLine {
firstLine = false
if match := reUnavail.FindStringSubmatch(line); match != nil {
// Generate a fake stack entry.
goroutine.Stack.Calls = []Call{{SourcePath: "<unavailable>"}}
continue
}
}
if match := reFile.FindStringSubmatch(line); match != nil {
// Triggers after a reFunc or a reCreated.
num, err := strconv.Atoi(match[2])
if err != nil {
return goroutines, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse int on line: \"%s\"", line)
}
if created {
created = false
goroutine.CreatedBy.SourcePath = match[1]
goroutine.CreatedBy.Line = num
} else {
i := len(goroutine.Stack.Calls) - 1
if i < 0 {
return goroutines, errors.New("unexpected order")
}
goroutine.Stack.Calls[i].SourcePath = match[1]
goroutine.Stack.Calls[i].Line = num
}
continue
}
if match := reCreated.FindStringSubmatch(line); match != nil {
created = true
goroutine.CreatedBy.Func.Raw = match[1]
continue
}
if match := reFunc.FindStringSubmatch(line); match != nil {
args := Args{}
for _, a := range strings.Split(match[2], ", ") {
if a == "..." {
args.Elided = true
continue
}
if a == "" {
// Remaining values were dropped.
break
}
v, err := strconv.ParseUint(a, 0, 64)
if err != nil {
return goroutines, fmt.Errorf("failed to parse int on line: \"%s\"", line)
}
args.Values = append(args.Values, Arg{Value: v})
}
goroutine.Stack.Calls = append(goroutine.Stack.Calls, Call{Func: Function{match[1]}, Args: args})
continue
}
if match := reElided.FindStringSubmatch(line); match != nil {
goroutine.Stack.Elided = true
continue
}
}
}
_, _ = io.WriteString(out, line)
goroutine = nil
}
nameArguments(goroutines)
return goroutines, scanner.Err()
}
// Private stuff.
func nameArguments(goroutines []Goroutine) {
// Set a name for any pointer occuring more than once.
type object struct {
args []*Arg
inPrimary bool
id int
}
objects := map[uint64]object{}
// Enumerate all the arguments.
for i := range goroutines {
for j := range goroutines[i].Stack.Calls {
for k := range goroutines[i].Stack.Calls[j].Args.Values {
arg := goroutines[i].Stack.Calls[j].Args.Values[k]
if arg.IsPtr() {
objects[arg.Value] = object{
args: append(objects[arg.Value].args, &goroutines[i].Stack.Calls[j].Args.Values[k]),
inPrimary: objects[arg.Value].inPrimary || i == 0,
}
}
}
}
// CreatedBy.Args is never set.
}
order := uint64Slice{}
for k, obj := range objects {
if len(obj.args) > 1 && obj.inPrimary {
order = append(order, k)
}
}
sort.Sort(order)
nextID := 1
for _, k := range order {
for _, arg := range objects[k].args {
arg.Name = fmt.Sprintf("#%d", nextID)
}
nextID++
}
// Now do the rest. This is done so the output is deterministic.
order = uint64Slice{}
for k := range objects {
order = append(order, k)
}
sort.Sort(order)
for _, k := range order {
// Process the remaining pointers, they were not referenced by primary
// thread so will have higher IDs.
if objects[k].inPrimary {
continue
}
for _, arg := range objects[k].args {
arg.Name = fmt.Sprintf("#%d", nextID)
}
nextID++
}
}
type uint64Slice []uint64
func (a uint64Slice) Len() int { return len(a) }
func (a uint64Slice) Swap(i, j int) { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
func (a uint64Slice) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[i] < a[j] }