Official Go implementation of the Ethereum protocol
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go-ethereum/core/genesis.go

628 lines
22 KiB

// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package core
11 years ago
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/json"
"errors"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"strings"
10 years ago
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/hexutil"
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/rawdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/tracing"
10 years ago
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/triedb"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/triedb/pathdb"
"github.com/holiman/uint256"
11 years ago
)
//go:generate go run github.com/fjl/gencodec -type Genesis -field-override genesisSpecMarshaling -out gen_genesis.go
var errGenesisNoConfig = errors.New("genesis has no chain configuration")
// Deprecated: use types.Account instead.
type GenesisAccount = types.Account
// Deprecated: use types.GenesisAlloc instead.
type GenesisAlloc = types.GenesisAlloc
// Genesis specifies the header fields, state of a genesis block. It also defines hard
// fork switch-over blocks through the chain configuration.
type Genesis struct {
Config *params.ChainConfig `json:"config"`
Nonce uint64 `json:"nonce"`
Timestamp uint64 `json:"timestamp"`
ExtraData []byte `json:"extraData"`
GasLimit uint64 `json:"gasLimit" gencodec:"required"`
Difficulty *big.Int `json:"difficulty" gencodec:"required"`
Mixhash common.Hash `json:"mixHash"`
Coinbase common.Address `json:"coinbase"`
Alloc types.GenesisAlloc `json:"alloc" gencodec:"required"`
// These fields are used for consensus tests. Please don't use them
// in actual genesis blocks.
Number uint64 `json:"number"`
GasUsed uint64 `json:"gasUsed"`
ParentHash common.Hash `json:"parentHash"`
BaseFee *big.Int `json:"baseFeePerGas"` // EIP-1559
ExcessBlobGas *uint64 `json:"excessBlobGas"` // EIP-4844
BlobGasUsed *uint64 `json:"blobGasUsed"` // EIP-4844
}
func ReadGenesis(db ethdb.Database) (*Genesis, error) {
var genesis Genesis
stored := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0)
if (stored == common.Hash{}) {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid genesis hash in database: %x", stored)
}
blob := rawdb.ReadGenesisStateSpec(db, stored)
if blob == nil {
return nil, errors.New("genesis state missing from db")
}
if len(blob) != 0 {
if err := genesis.Alloc.UnmarshalJSON(blob); err != nil {
return nil, fmt.Errorf("could not unmarshal genesis state json: %s", err)
}
}
genesis.Config = rawdb.ReadChainConfig(db, stored)
if genesis.Config == nil {
return nil, errors.New("genesis config missing from db")
}
genesisBlock := rawdb.ReadBlock(db, stored, 0)
if genesisBlock == nil {
return nil, errors.New("genesis block missing from db")
}
genesisHeader := genesisBlock.Header()
genesis.Nonce = genesisHeader.Nonce.Uint64()
genesis.Timestamp = genesisHeader.Time
genesis.ExtraData = genesisHeader.Extra
genesis.GasLimit = genesisHeader.GasLimit
genesis.Difficulty = genesisHeader.Difficulty
genesis.Mixhash = genesisHeader.MixDigest
genesis.Coinbase = genesisHeader.Coinbase
genesis.BaseFee = genesisHeader.BaseFee
genesis.ExcessBlobGas = genesisHeader.ExcessBlobGas
genesis.BlobGasUsed = genesisHeader.BlobGasUsed
return &genesis, nil
}
// hashAlloc computes the state root according to the genesis specification.
func hashAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, isVerkle bool) (common.Hash, error) {
// If a genesis-time verkle trie is requested, create a trie config
// with the verkle trie enabled so that the tree can be initialized
// as such.
var config *triedb.Config
if isVerkle {
config = &triedb.Config{
PathDB: pathdb.Defaults,
IsVerkle: true,
}
}
// Create an ephemeral in-memory database for computing hash,
// all the derived states will be discarded to not pollute disk.
db := state.NewDatabaseWithConfig(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), config)
statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, db, nil)
if err != nil {
return common.Hash{}, err
}
for addr, account := range *ga {
if account.Balance != nil {
statedb.AddBalance(addr, uint256.MustFromBig(account.Balance), tracing.BalanceIncreaseGenesisBalance)
}
statedb.SetCode(addr, account.Code)
statedb.SetNonce(addr, account.Nonce)
for key, value := range account.Storage {
statedb.SetState(addr, key, value)
}
}
return statedb.Commit(0, false)
}
// flushAlloc is very similar with hash, but the main difference is all the
// generated states will be persisted into the given database.
func flushAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) (common.Hash, error) {
statedb, err := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseWithNodeDB(db, triedb), nil)
if err != nil {
return common.Hash{}, err
}
for addr, account := range *ga {
if account.Balance != nil {
// This is not actually logged via tracer because OnGenesisBlock
// already captures the allocations.
statedb.AddBalance(addr, uint256.MustFromBig(account.Balance), tracing.BalanceIncreaseGenesisBalance)
}
statedb.SetCode(addr, account.Code)
statedb.SetNonce(addr, account.Nonce)
for key, value := range account.Storage {
statedb.SetState(addr, key, value)
}
}
root, err := statedb.Commit(0, false)
if err != nil {
return common.Hash{}, err
}
// Commit newly generated states into disk if it's not empty.
if root != types.EmptyRootHash {
if err := triedb.Commit(root, true); err != nil {
return common.Hash{}, err
}
}
return root, nil
}
func getGenesisState(db ethdb.Database, blockhash common.Hash) (alloc types.GenesisAlloc, err error) {
blob := rawdb.ReadGenesisStateSpec(db, blockhash)
if len(blob) != 0 {
if err := alloc.UnmarshalJSON(blob); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return alloc, nil
}
// Genesis allocation is missing and there are several possibilities:
// the node is legacy which doesn't persist the genesis allocation or
// the persisted allocation is just lost.
// - supported networks(mainnet, testnets), recover with defined allocations
// - private network, can't recover
var genesis *Genesis
switch blockhash {
case params.MainnetGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
case params.SepoliaGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock()
case params.HoleskyGenesisHash:
genesis = DefaultHoleskyGenesisBlock()
}
if genesis != nil {
return genesis.Alloc, nil
}
return nil, nil
}
// field type overrides for gencodec
type genesisSpecMarshaling struct {
Nonce math.HexOrDecimal64
Timestamp math.HexOrDecimal64
ExtraData hexutil.Bytes
GasLimit math.HexOrDecimal64
GasUsed math.HexOrDecimal64
Number math.HexOrDecimal64
Difficulty *math.HexOrDecimal256
Alloc map[common.UnprefixedAddress]types.Account
BaseFee *math.HexOrDecimal256
ExcessBlobGas *math.HexOrDecimal64
BlobGasUsed *math.HexOrDecimal64
}
// GenesisMismatchError is raised when trying to overwrite an existing
// genesis block with an incompatible one.
type GenesisMismatchError struct {
Stored, New common.Hash
}
func (e *GenesisMismatchError) Error() string {
return fmt.Sprintf("database contains incompatible genesis (have %x, new %x)", e.Stored, e.New)
}
// ChainOverrides contains the changes to chain config.
type ChainOverrides struct {
OverrideCancun *uint64
OverrideVerkle *uint64
}
// SetupGenesisBlock writes or updates the genesis block in db.
// The block that will be used is:
//
// genesis == nil genesis != nil
// +------------------------------------------
// db has no genesis | main-net default | genesis
// db has genesis | from DB | genesis (if compatible)
//
// The stored chain configuration will be updated if it is compatible (i.e. does not
// specify a fork block below the local head block). In case of a conflict, the
// error is a *params.ConfigCompatError and the new, unwritten config is returned.
//
// The returned chain configuration is never nil.
func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
return SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db, triedb, genesis, nil)
}
func SetupGenesisBlockWithOverride(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database, genesis *Genesis, overrides *ChainOverrides) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
if genesis != nil && genesis.Config == nil {
return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, common.Hash{}, errGenesisNoConfig
}
applyOverrides := func(config *params.ChainConfig) {
if config != nil {
if overrides != nil && overrides.OverrideCancun != nil {
config.CancunTime = overrides.OverrideCancun
}
if overrides != nil && overrides.OverrideVerkle != nil {
config.VerkleTime = overrides.OverrideVerkle
}
}
}
// Just commit the new block if there is no stored genesis block.
stored := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0)
if (stored == common.Hash{}) {
if genesis == nil {
log.Info("Writing default main-net genesis block")
genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
} else {
log.Info("Writing custom genesis block")
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
}
applyOverrides(genesis.Config)
block, err := genesis.Commit(db, triedb)
if err != nil {
return genesis.Config, common.Hash{}, err
}
return genesis.Config, block.Hash(), nil
}
// The genesis block is present(perhaps in ancient database) while the
// state database is not initialized yet. It can happen that the node
// is initialized with an external ancient store. Commit genesis state
// in this case.
header := rawdb.ReadHeader(db, stored, 0)
if header.Root != types.EmptyRootHash && !triedb.Initialized(header.Root) {
if genesis == nil {
genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
}
applyOverrides(genesis.Config)
// Ensure the stored genesis matches with the given one.
hash := genesis.ToBlock().Hash()
if hash != stored {
return genesis.Config, hash, &GenesisMismatchError{stored, hash}
}
block, err := genesis.Commit(db, triedb)
if err != nil {
return genesis.Config, hash, err
}
return genesis.Config, block.Hash(), nil
}
// Check whether the genesis block is already written.
if genesis != nil {
applyOverrides(genesis.Config)
hash := genesis.ToBlock().Hash()
if hash != stored {
return genesis.Config, hash, &GenesisMismatchError{stored, hash}
}
}
// Get the existing chain configuration.
newcfg := genesis.configOrDefault(stored)
applyOverrides(newcfg)
if err := newcfg.CheckConfigForkOrder(); err != nil {
return newcfg, common.Hash{}, err
}
storedcfg := rawdb.ReadChainConfig(db, stored)
if storedcfg == nil {
log.Warn("Found genesis block without chain config")
rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, stored, newcfg)
return newcfg, stored, nil
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
}
storedData, _ := json.Marshal(storedcfg)
// Special case: if a private network is being used (no genesis and also no
// mainnet hash in the database), we must not apply the `configOrDefault`
// chain config as that would be AllProtocolChanges (applying any new fork
// on top of an existing private network genesis block). In that case, only
// apply the overrides.
if genesis == nil && stored != params.MainnetGenesisHash {
newcfg = storedcfg
applyOverrides(newcfg)
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
}
// Check config compatibility and write the config. Compatibility errors
// are returned to the caller unless we're already at block zero.
head := rawdb.ReadHeadHeader(db)
if head == nil {
return newcfg, stored, errors.New("missing head header")
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
}
compatErr := storedcfg.CheckCompatible(newcfg, head.Number.Uint64(), head.Time)
if compatErr != nil && ((head.Number.Uint64() != 0 && compatErr.RewindToBlock != 0) || (head.Time != 0 && compatErr.RewindToTime != 0)) {
return newcfg, stored, compatErr
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
}
// Don't overwrite if the old is identical to the new
if newData, _ := json.Marshal(newcfg); !bytes.Equal(storedData, newData) {
rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, stored, newcfg)
}
return newcfg, stored, nil
}
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
// LoadChainConfig loads the stored chain config if it is already present in
// database, otherwise, return the config in the provided genesis specification.
func LoadChainConfig(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, error) {
// Load the stored chain config from the database. It can be nil
// in case the database is empty. Notably, we only care about the
// chain config corresponds to the canonical chain.
stored := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0)
if stored != (common.Hash{}) {
storedcfg := rawdb.ReadChainConfig(db, stored)
if storedcfg != nil {
return storedcfg, nil
}
}
// Load the config from the provided genesis specification
if genesis != nil {
// Reject invalid genesis spec without valid chain config
if genesis.Config == nil {
return nil, errGenesisNoConfig
}
// If the canonical genesis header is present, but the chain
// config is missing(initialize the empty leveldb with an
// external ancient chain segment), ensure the provided genesis
// is matched.
if stored != (common.Hash{}) && genesis.ToBlock().Hash() != stored {
return nil, &GenesisMismatchError{stored, genesis.ToBlock().Hash()}
}
return genesis.Config, nil
}
// There is no stored chain config and no new config provided,
// In this case the default chain config(mainnet) will be used
return params.MainnetChainConfig, nil
}
func (g *Genesis) configOrDefault(ghash common.Hash) *params.ChainConfig {
switch {
case g != nil:
return g.Config
case ghash == params.MainnetGenesisHash:
return params.MainnetChainConfig
case ghash == params.HoleskyGenesisHash:
return params.HoleskyChainConfig
case ghash == params.SepoliaGenesisHash:
return params.SepoliaChainConfig
default:
return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
}
}
// IsVerkle indicates whether the state is already stored in a verkle
// tree at genesis time.
func (g *Genesis) IsVerkle() bool {
return g.Config.IsVerkle(new(big.Int).SetUint64(g.Number), g.Timestamp)
}
// ToBlock returns the genesis block according to genesis specification.
func (g *Genesis) ToBlock() *types.Block {
root, err := hashAlloc(&g.Alloc, g.IsVerkle())
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return g.toBlockWithRoot(root)
}
// toBlockWithRoot constructs the genesis block with the given genesis state root.
func (g *Genesis) toBlockWithRoot(root common.Hash) *types.Block {
head := &types.Header{
Number: new(big.Int).SetUint64(g.Number),
Nonce: types.EncodeNonce(g.Nonce),
Time: g.Timestamp,
ParentHash: g.ParentHash,
Extra: g.ExtraData,
GasLimit: g.GasLimit,
GasUsed: g.GasUsed,
BaseFee: g.BaseFee,
Difficulty: g.Difficulty,
MixDigest: g.Mixhash,
Coinbase: g.Coinbase,
Root: root,
}
if g.GasLimit == 0 {
head.GasLimit = params.GenesisGasLimit
}
if g.Difficulty == nil && g.Mixhash == (common.Hash{}) {
head.Difficulty = params.GenesisDifficulty
}
if g.Config != nil && g.Config.IsLondon(common.Big0) {
if g.BaseFee != nil {
head.BaseFee = g.BaseFee
} else {
head.BaseFee = new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.InitialBaseFee)
}
}
var withdrawals []*types.Withdrawal
if conf := g.Config; conf != nil {
num := big.NewInt(int64(g.Number))
if conf.IsShanghai(num, g.Timestamp) {
head.WithdrawalsHash = &types.EmptyWithdrawalsHash
withdrawals = make([]*types.Withdrawal, 0)
}
if conf.IsCancun(num, g.Timestamp) {
// EIP-4788: The parentBeaconBlockRoot of the genesis block is always
// the zero hash. This is because the genesis block does not have a parent
// by definition.
head.ParentBeaconRoot = new(common.Hash)
// EIP-4844 fields
head.ExcessBlobGas = g.ExcessBlobGas
head.BlobGasUsed = g.BlobGasUsed
if head.ExcessBlobGas == nil {
head.ExcessBlobGas = new(uint64)
}
if head.BlobGasUsed == nil {
head.BlobGasUsed = new(uint64)
}
}
}
return types.NewBlock(head, &types.Body{Withdrawals: withdrawals}, nil, trie.NewStackTrie(nil))
}
// Commit writes the block and state of a genesis specification to the database.
// The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (g *Genesis) Commit(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) (*types.Block, error) {
if g.Number != 0 {
return nil, errors.New("can't commit genesis block with number > 0")
}
config := g.Config
if config == nil {
config = params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
}
if err := config.CheckConfigForkOrder(); err != nil {
return nil, err
}
if config.Clique != nil && len(g.ExtraData) < 32+crypto.SignatureLength {
return nil, errors.New("can't start clique chain without signers")
}
// flush the data to disk and compute the state root
root, err := flushAlloc(&g.Alloc, db, triedb)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
block := g.toBlockWithRoot(root)
// Marshal the genesis state specification and persist.
blob, err := json.Marshal(g.Alloc)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
rawdb.WriteGenesisStateSpec(db, block.Hash(), blob)
rawdb.WriteTd(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), block.Difficulty())
rawdb.WriteBlock(db, block)
rawdb.WriteReceipts(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), nil)
rawdb.WriteCanonicalHash(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64())
rawdb.WriteHeadBlockHash(db, block.Hash())
rawdb.WriteHeadFastBlockHash(db, block.Hash())
rawdb.WriteHeadHeaderHash(db, block.Hash())
rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, block.Hash(), config)
return block, nil
}
// MustCommit writes the genesis block and state to db, panicking on error.
// The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (g *Genesis) MustCommit(db ethdb.Database, triedb *triedb.Database) *types.Block {
block, err := g.Commit(db, triedb)
common: move big integer math to common/math (#3699) * common: remove CurrencyToString Move denomination values to params instead. * common: delete dead code * common: move big integer operations to common/math This commit consolidates all big integer operations into common/math and adds tests and documentation. There should be no change in semantics for BigPow, BigMin, BigMax, S256, U256, Exp and their behaviour is now locked in by tests. The BigD, BytesToBig and Bytes2Big functions don't provide additional value, all uses are replaced by new(big.Int).SetBytes(). BigToBytes is now called PaddedBigBytes, its minimum output size parameter is now specified as the number of bytes instead of bits. The single use of this function is in the EVM's MSTORE instruction. Big and String2Big are replaced by ParseBig, which is slightly stricter. It previously accepted leading zeros for hexadecimal inputs but treated decimal inputs as octal if a leading zero digit was present. ParseUint64 is used in places where String2Big was used to decode a uint64. The new functions MustParseBig and MustParseUint64 are now used in many places where parsing errors were previously ignored. * common: delete unused big integer variables * accounts/abi: replace uses of BytesToBig with use of encoding/binary * common: remove BytesToBig * common: remove Bytes2Big * common: remove BigTrue * cmd/utils: add BigFlag and use it for error-checked integer flags While here, remove environment variable processing for DirectoryFlag because we don't use it. * core: add missing error checks in genesis block parser * common: remove String2Big * cmd/evm: use utils.BigFlag * common/math: check for 256 bit overflow in ParseBig This is supposed to prevent silent overflow/truncation of values in the genesis block JSON. Without this check, a genesis block that set a balance larger than 256 bits would lead to weird behaviour in the VM. * cmd/utils: fixup import
8 years ago
if err != nil {
panic(err)
}
return block
}
// DefaultGenesisBlock returns the Ethereum main net genesis block.
func DefaultGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.MainnetChainConfig,
Nonce: 66,
ExtraData: hexutil.MustDecode("0x11bbe8db4e347b4e8c937c1c8370e4b5ed33adb3db69cbdb7a38e1e50b1b82fa"),
GasLimit: 5000,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(17179869184),
Alloc: decodePrealloc(mainnetAllocData),
}
}
// DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock returns the Sepolia network genesis block.
func DefaultSepoliaGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.SepoliaChainConfig,
Nonce: 0,
ExtraData: []byte("Sepolia, Athens, Attica, Greece!"),
GasLimit: 0x1c9c380,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(0x20000),
Timestamp: 1633267481,
Alloc: decodePrealloc(sepoliaAllocData),
}
}
// DefaultHoleskyGenesisBlock returns the Holesky network genesis block.
func DefaultHoleskyGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
return &Genesis{
Config: params.HoleskyChainConfig,
Nonce: 0x1234,
GasLimit: 0x17d7840,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(0x01),
Timestamp: 1695902100,
Alloc: decodePrealloc(holeskyAllocData),
}
}
// DeveloperGenesisBlock returns the 'geth --dev' genesis block.
func DeveloperGenesisBlock(gasLimit uint64, faucet *common.Address) *Genesis {
// Override the default period to the user requested one
config := *params.AllDevChainProtocolChanges
// Assemble and return the genesis with the precompiles and faucet pre-funded
genesis := &Genesis{
Config: &config,
GasLimit: gasLimit,
BaseFee: big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee),
Difficulty: big.NewInt(0),
Alloc: map[common.Address]types.Account{
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECRecover
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // SHA256
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // RIPEMD
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // Identity
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ModExp
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{6}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECAdd
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{7}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECScalarMul
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECPairing
common.BytesToAddress([]byte{9}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // BLAKE2b
// Pre-deploy EIP-4788 system contract
params.BeaconRootsAddress: {Nonce: 1, Code: params.BeaconRootsCode, Balance: common.Big0},
// Pre-deploy EIP-2935 history contract.
params.HistoryStorageAddress: {Nonce: 1, Code: params.HistoryStorageCode},
},
}
if faucet != nil {
genesis.Alloc[*faucet] = types.Account{Balance: new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 256), big.NewInt(9))}
}
return genesis
}
func decodePrealloc(data string) types.GenesisAlloc {
var p []struct {
Addr *big.Int
Balance *big.Int
Misc *struct {
Nonce uint64
Code []byte
Slots []struct {
Key common.Hash
Val common.Hash
}
} `rlp:"optional"`
}
if err := rlp.NewStream(strings.NewReader(data), 0).Decode(&p); err != nil {
panic(err)
}
ga := make(types.GenesisAlloc, len(p))
for _, account := range p {
acc := types.Account{Balance: account.Balance}
if account.Misc != nil {
acc.Nonce = account.Misc.Nonce
acc.Code = account.Misc.Code
acc.Storage = make(map[common.Hash]common.Hash)
for _, slot := range account.Misc.Slots {
acc.Storage[slot.Key] = slot.Val
}
}
ga[common.BigToAddress(account.Addr)] = acc
}
return ga
}