diff --git a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
index aef497885e..7c17a251f0 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/internal/t8ntool/execution.go
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ func (pre *Prestate) Apply(vmConfig vm.Config, chainConfig *params.ChainConfig,
 	}
 
 	// Commit block
-	root, err := statedb.Commit(vmContext.BlockNumber.Uint64(), chainConfig.IsEIP158(vmContext.BlockNumber))
+	root, err := statedb.Commit(vmContext.BlockNumber.Uint64(), chainConfig.IsEIP158(vmContext.BlockNumber), chainConfig.IsCancun(vmContext.BlockNumber, vmContext.Time))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, nil, NewError(ErrorEVM, fmt.Errorf("could not commit state: %v", err))
 	}
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@ func MakePreState(db ethdb.Database, accounts types.GenesisAlloc) *state.StateDB
 		}
 	}
 	// Commit and re-open to start with a clean state.
-	root, _ := statedb.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := statedb.Commit(0, false, false)
 	statedb, _ = state.New(root, sdb)
 	return statedb
 }
diff --git a/cmd/evm/runner.go b/cmd/evm/runner.go
index c67d3657e2..b2cf28353b 100644
--- a/cmd/evm/runner.go
+++ b/cmd/evm/runner.go
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	output, stats, err := timedExec(bench, execFunc)
 
 	if ctx.Bool(DumpFlag.Name) {
-		root, err := runtimeConfig.State.Commit(genesisConfig.Number, true)
+		root, err := runtimeConfig.State.Commit(genesisConfig.Number, true, false)
 		if err != nil {
 			fmt.Printf("Failed to commit changes %v\n", err)
 			return err
diff --git a/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go b/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go
index 7622246050..cd41c57c75 100644
--- a/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go
+++ b/cmd/geth/dbcmd.go
@@ -829,8 +829,7 @@ func inspectAccount(db *triedb.Database, start uint64, end uint64, address commo
 func inspectStorage(db *triedb.Database, start uint64, end uint64, address common.Address, slot common.Hash, raw bool) error {
 	// The hash of storage slot key is utilized in the history
 	// rather than the raw slot key, make the conversion.
-	slotHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(slot.Bytes())
-	stats, err := db.StorageHistory(address, slotHash, start, end)
+	stats, err := db.StorageHistory(address, slot, start, end)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/core/blockchain.go b/core/blockchain.go
index 4ced94bb68..6aac541ba0 100644
--- a/core/blockchain.go
+++ b/core/blockchain.go
@@ -1471,7 +1471,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) writeBlockWithState(block *types.Block, receipts []*types.
 		log.Crit("Failed to write block into disk", "err", err)
 	}
 	// Commit all cached state changes into underlying memory database.
-	root, err := statedb.Commit(block.NumberU64(), bc.chainConfig.IsEIP158(block.Number()))
+	root, err := statedb.Commit(block.NumberU64(), bc.chainConfig.IsEIP158(block.Number()), bc.chainConfig.IsCancun(block.Number(), block.Time()))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
diff --git a/core/blockchain_test.go b/core/blockchain_test.go
index 7805a7c6e8..84f1b9740c 100644
--- a/core/blockchain_test.go
+++ b/core/blockchain_test.go
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ func testBlockChainImport(chain types.Blocks, blockchain *BlockChain) error {
 		blockchain.chainmu.MustLock()
 		rawdb.WriteTd(blockchain.db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), new(big.Int).Add(block.Difficulty(), blockchain.GetTd(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1)))
 		rawdb.WriteBlock(blockchain.db, block)
-		statedb.Commit(block.NumberU64(), false)
+		statedb.Commit(block.NumberU64(), false, false)
 		blockchain.chainmu.Unlock()
 	}
 	return nil
diff --git a/core/chain_makers.go b/core/chain_makers.go
index 26714845eb..5298874a40 100644
--- a/core/chain_makers.go
+++ b/core/chain_makers.go
@@ -405,7 +405,7 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine conse
 		}
 
 		// Write state changes to db
-		root, err := statedb.Commit(b.header.Number.Uint64(), config.IsEIP158(b.header.Number))
+		root, err := statedb.Commit(b.header.Number.Uint64(), config.IsEIP158(b.header.Number), config.IsCancun(b.header.Number, b.header.Time))
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("state write error: %v", err))
 		}
@@ -510,7 +510,7 @@ func GenerateVerkleChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, engine
 		}
 
 		// Write state changes to DB.
-		root, err := statedb.Commit(b.header.Number.Uint64(), config.IsEIP158(b.header.Number))
+		root, err := statedb.Commit(b.header.Number.Uint64(), config.IsEIP158(b.header.Number), config.IsCancun(b.header.Number, b.header.Time))
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("state write error: %v", err))
 		}
diff --git a/core/genesis.go b/core/genesis.go
index 02cdc74d86..68d945e37e 100644
--- a/core/genesis.go
+++ b/core/genesis.go
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ func hashAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, isVerkle bool) (common.Hash, error) {
 			statedb.SetState(addr, key, value)
 		}
 	}
-	return statedb.Commit(0, false)
+	return statedb.Commit(0, false, false)
 }
 
 // flushAlloc is very similar with hash, but the main difference is all the
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func flushAlloc(ga *types.GenesisAlloc, triedb *triedb.Database) (common.Hash, e
 			statedb.SetState(addr, key, value)
 		}
 	}
-	root, err := statedb.Commit(0, false)
+	root, err := statedb.Commit(0, false, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Hash{}, err
 	}
diff --git a/core/state/state_object.go b/core/state/state_object.go
index 76a3aba92c..a6979bd361 100644
--- a/core/state/state_object.go
+++ b/core/state/state_object.go
@@ -399,10 +399,16 @@ func (s *stateObject) commitStorage(op *accountUpdate) {
 			op.storages = make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
 		}
 		op.storages[hash] = encode(val)
-		if op.storagesOrigin == nil {
-			op.storagesOrigin = make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
+
+		if op.storagesOriginByKey == nil {
+			op.storagesOriginByKey = make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
+		}
+		if op.storagesOriginByHash == nil {
+			op.storagesOriginByHash = make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
 		}
-		op.storagesOrigin[hash] = encode(s.originStorage[key])
+		origin := encode(s.originStorage[key])
+		op.storagesOriginByKey[key] = origin
+		op.storagesOriginByHash[hash] = origin
 
 		// Overwrite the clean value of storage slots
 		s.originStorage[key] = val
diff --git a/core/state/state_test.go b/core/state/state_test.go
index 6f54300c37..b443411f1b 100644
--- a/core/state/state_test.go
+++ b/core/state/state_test.go
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ func TestDump(t *testing.T) {
 	// write some of them to the trie
 	s.state.updateStateObject(obj1)
 	s.state.updateStateObject(obj2)
-	root, _ := s.state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := s.state.Commit(0, false, false)
 
 	// check that DumpToCollector contains the state objects that are in trie
 	s.state, _ = New(root, tdb)
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func TestIterativeDump(t *testing.T) {
 	// write some of them to the trie
 	s.state.updateStateObject(obj1)
 	s.state.updateStateObject(obj2)
-	root, _ := s.state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := s.state.Commit(0, false, false)
 	s.state, _ = New(root, tdb)
 
 	b := &bytes.Buffer{}
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ func TestNull(t *testing.T) {
 	var value common.Hash
 
 	s.state.SetState(address, common.Hash{}, value)
-	s.state.Commit(0, false)
+	s.state.Commit(0, false, false)
 
 	if value := s.state.GetState(address, common.Hash{}); value != (common.Hash{}) {
 		t.Errorf("expected empty current value, got %x", value)
diff --git a/core/state/statedb.go b/core/state/statedb.go
index d279ccfdfe..0310ee6973 100644
--- a/core/state/statedb.go
+++ b/core/state/statedb.go
@@ -1051,7 +1051,7 @@ func (s *StateDB) deleteStorage(addr common.Address, addrHash common.Hash, root
 // with their values be tracked as original value.
 // In case (d), **original** account along with its storages should be deleted,
 // with their values be tracked as original value.
-func (s *StateDB) handleDestruction() (map[common.Hash]*accountDelete, []*trienode.NodeSet, error) {
+func (s *StateDB) handleDestruction(noStorageWiping bool) (map[common.Hash]*accountDelete, []*trienode.NodeSet, error) {
 	var (
 		nodes   []*trienode.NodeSet
 		buf     = crypto.NewKeccakState()
@@ -1080,6 +1080,9 @@ func (s *StateDB) handleDestruction() (map[common.Hash]*accountDelete, []*trieno
 		if prev.Root == types.EmptyRootHash || s.db.TrieDB().IsVerkle() {
 			continue
 		}
+		if noStorageWiping {
+			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unexpected storage wiping, %x", addr)
+		}
 		// Remove storage slots belonging to the account.
 		storages, storagesOrigin, set, err := s.deleteStorage(addr, addrHash, prev.Root)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -1101,7 +1104,7 @@ func (s *StateDB) GetTrie() Trie {
 
 // commit gathers the state mutations accumulated along with the associated
 // trie changes, resetting all internal flags with the new state as the base.
-func (s *StateDB) commit(deleteEmptyObjects bool) (*stateUpdate, error) {
+func (s *StateDB) commit(deleteEmptyObjects bool, noStorageWiping bool) (*stateUpdate, error) {
 	// Short circuit in case any database failure occurred earlier.
 	if s.dbErr != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("commit aborted due to earlier error: %v", s.dbErr)
@@ -1155,7 +1158,7 @@ func (s *StateDB) commit(deleteEmptyObjects bool) (*stateUpdate, error) {
 	// the same block, account deletions must be processed first. This ensures
 	// that the storage trie nodes deleted during destruction and recreated
 	// during subsequent resurrection can be combined correctly.
-	deletes, delNodes, err := s.handleDestruction()
+	deletes, delNodes, err := s.handleDestruction(noStorageWiping)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -1252,13 +1255,14 @@ func (s *StateDB) commit(deleteEmptyObjects bool) (*stateUpdate, error) {
 
 	origin := s.originalRoot
 	s.originalRoot = root
-	return newStateUpdate(origin, root, deletes, updates, nodes), nil
+
+	return newStateUpdate(noStorageWiping, origin, root, deletes, updates, nodes), nil
 }
 
 // commitAndFlush is a wrapper of commit which also commits the state mutations
 // to the configured data stores.
-func (s *StateDB) commitAndFlush(block uint64, deleteEmptyObjects bool) (*stateUpdate, error) {
-	ret, err := s.commit(deleteEmptyObjects)
+func (s *StateDB) commitAndFlush(block uint64, deleteEmptyObjects bool, noStorageWiping bool) (*stateUpdate, error) {
+	ret, err := s.commit(deleteEmptyObjects, noStorageWiping)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -1310,8 +1314,13 @@ func (s *StateDB) commitAndFlush(block uint64, deleteEmptyObjects bool) (*stateU
 //
 // The associated block number of the state transition is also provided
 // for more chain context.
-func (s *StateDB) Commit(block uint64, deleteEmptyObjects bool) (common.Hash, error) {
-	ret, err := s.commitAndFlush(block, deleteEmptyObjects)
+//
+// noStorageWiping is a flag indicating whether storage wiping is permitted.
+// Since self-destruction was deprecated with the Cancun fork and there are
+// no empty accounts left that could be deleted by EIP-158, storage wiping
+// should not occur.
+func (s *StateDB) Commit(block uint64, deleteEmptyObjects bool, noStorageWiping bool) (common.Hash, error) {
+	ret, err := s.commitAndFlush(block, deleteEmptyObjects, noStorageWiping)
 	if err != nil {
 		return common.Hash{}, err
 	}
diff --git a/core/state/statedb_fuzz_test.go b/core/state/statedb_fuzz_test.go
index 7cbfd9b9d7..ed99cf687c 100644
--- a/core/state/statedb_fuzz_test.go
+++ b/core/state/statedb_fuzz_test.go
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ func (test *stateTest) run() bool {
 		} else {
 			state.IntermediateRoot(true) // call intermediateRoot at the transaction boundary
 		}
-		ret, err := state.commitAndFlush(0, true) // call commit at the block boundary
+		ret, err := state.commitAndFlush(0, true, false) // call commit at the block boundary
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}
diff --git a/core/state/statedb_hooked_test.go b/core/state/statedb_hooked_test.go
index 5f82ed06d0..874a275993 100644
--- a/core/state/statedb_hooked_test.go
+++ b/core/state/statedb_hooked_test.go
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ func TestBurn(t *testing.T) {
 	hooked.AddBalance(addC, uint256.NewInt(200), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 	hooked.Finalise(true)
 
-	s.Commit(0, false)
+	s.Commit(0, false, false)
 	if have, want := burned, uint256.NewInt(600); !have.Eq(want) {
 		t.Fatalf("burn-count wrong, have %v want %v", have, want)
 	}
diff --git a/core/state/statedb_test.go b/core/state/statedb_test.go
index 37141e90b0..67eb9cbdc6 100644
--- a/core/state/statedb_test.go
+++ b/core/state/statedb_test.go
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ func TestIntermediateLeaks(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Commit and cross check the databases.
-	transRoot, err := transState.Commit(0, false)
+	transRoot, err := transState.Commit(0, false, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to commit transition state: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ func TestIntermediateLeaks(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Errorf("can not commit trie %v to persistent database", transRoot.Hex())
 	}
 
-	finalRoot, err := finalState.Commit(0, false)
+	finalRoot, err := finalState.Commit(0, false, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to commit final state: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@ func TestCopyWithDirtyJournal(t *testing.T) {
 		obj.data.Root = common.HexToHash("0xdeadbeef")
 		orig.updateStateObject(obj)
 	}
-	root, _ := orig.Commit(0, true)
+	root, _ := orig.Commit(0, true, false)
 	orig, _ = New(root, db)
 
 	// modify all in memory without finalizing
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ func TestCopyObjectState(t *testing.T) {
 			t.Fatalf("Error in test itself, the 'done' flag should not be set before Commit, have %v want %v", have, want)
 		}
 	}
-	orig.Commit(0, true)
+	orig.Commit(0, true, false)
 	for _, op := range cpy.mutations {
 		if have, want := op.applied, false; have != want {
 			t.Fatalf("Error: original state affected copy, have %v want %v", have, want)
@@ -696,7 +696,7 @@ func (test *snapshotTest) checkEqual(state, checkstate *StateDB) error {
 func TestTouchDelete(t *testing.T) {
 	s := newStateEnv()
 	s.state.getOrNewStateObject(common.Address{})
-	root, _ := s.state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := s.state.Commit(0, false, false)
 	s.state, _ = New(root, s.state.db)
 
 	snapshot := s.state.Snapshot()
@@ -784,7 +784,7 @@ func TestCopyCommitCopy(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Fatalf("second copy committed storage slot mismatch: have %x, want %x", val, sval)
 	}
 	// Commit state, ensure states can be loaded from disk
-	root, _ := state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := state.Commit(0, false, false)
 	state, _ = New(root, tdb)
 	if balance := state.GetBalance(addr); balance.Cmp(uint256.NewInt(42)) != 0 {
 		t.Fatalf("state post-commit balance mismatch: have %v, want %v", balance, 42)
@@ -898,11 +898,11 @@ func TestCommitCopy(t *testing.T) {
 	if val := state.GetCommittedState(addr, skey1); val != (common.Hash{}) {
 		t.Fatalf("initial committed storage slot mismatch: have %x, want %x", val, common.Hash{})
 	}
-	root, _ := state.Commit(0, true)
+	root, _ := state.Commit(0, true, false)
 
 	state, _ = New(root, db)
 	state.SetState(addr, skey2, sval2)
-	state.Commit(1, true)
+	state.Commit(1, true, false)
 
 	// Copy the committed state database, the copied one is not fully functional.
 	copied := state.Copy()
@@ -943,7 +943,7 @@ func TestDeleteCreateRevert(t *testing.T) {
 	addr := common.BytesToAddress([]byte("so"))
 	state.SetBalance(addr, uint256.NewInt(1), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 
-	root, _ := state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := state.Commit(0, false, false)
 	state, _ = New(root, state.db)
 
 	// Simulate self-destructing in one transaction, then create-reverting in another
@@ -955,7 +955,7 @@ func TestDeleteCreateRevert(t *testing.T) {
 	state.RevertToSnapshot(id)
 
 	// Commit the entire state and make sure we don't crash and have the correct state
-	root, _ = state.Commit(0, true)
+	root, _ = state.Commit(0, true, false)
 	state, _ = New(root, state.db)
 
 	if state.getStateObject(addr) != nil {
@@ -998,7 +998,7 @@ func testMissingTrieNodes(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 		a2 := common.BytesToAddress([]byte("another"))
 		state.SetBalance(a2, uint256.NewInt(100), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 		state.SetCode(a2, []byte{1, 2, 4})
-		root, _ = state.Commit(0, false)
+		root, _ = state.Commit(0, false, false)
 		t.Logf("root: %x", root)
 		// force-flush
 		tdb.Commit(root, false)
@@ -1022,7 +1022,7 @@ func testMissingTrieNodes(t *testing.T, scheme string) {
 	}
 	// Modify the state
 	state.SetBalance(addr, uint256.NewInt(2), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
-	root, err := state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, err := state.Commit(0, false, false)
 	if err == nil {
 		t.Fatalf("expected error, got root :%x", root)
 	}
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ func TestFlushOrderDataLoss(t *testing.T) {
 			state.SetState(common.Address{a}, common.Hash{a, s}, common.Hash{a, s})
 		}
 	}
-	root, err := state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, err := state.Commit(0, false, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to commit state trie: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -1288,8 +1288,7 @@ func TestDeleteStorage(t *testing.T) {
 		value := common.Hash(uint256.NewInt(uint64(10 * i)).Bytes32())
 		state.SetState(addr, slot, value)
 	}
-	root, _ := state.Commit(0, true)
-
+	root, _ := state.Commit(0, true, false)
 	// Init phase done, create two states, one with snap and one without
 	fastState, _ := New(root, NewDatabase(tdb, snaps))
 	slowState, _ := New(root, NewDatabase(tdb, nil))
diff --git a/core/state/stateupdate.go b/core/state/stateupdate.go
index 45de660ca5..75c4ca028c 100644
--- a/core/state/stateupdate.go
+++ b/core/state/stateupdate.go
@@ -32,34 +32,56 @@ type contractCode struct {
 
 // accountDelete represents an operation for deleting an Ethereum account.
 type accountDelete struct {
-	address        common.Address         // address is the unique account identifier
-	origin         []byte                 // origin is the original value of account data in slim-RLP encoding.
-	storages       map[common.Hash][]byte // storages stores mutated slots, the value should be nil.
-	storagesOrigin map[common.Hash][]byte // storagesOrigin stores the original values of mutated slots in prefix-zero-trimmed RLP format.
+	address common.Address // address is the unique account identifier
+	origin  []byte         // origin is the original value of account data in slim-RLP encoding.
+
+	// storages stores mutated slots, the value should be nil.
+	storages map[common.Hash][]byte
+
+	// storagesOrigin stores the original values of mutated slots in
+	// prefix-zero-trimmed RLP format. The map key refers to the **HASH**
+	// of the raw storage slot key.
+	storagesOrigin map[common.Hash][]byte
 }
 
 // accountUpdate represents an operation for updating an Ethereum account.
 type accountUpdate struct {
-	address        common.Address         // address is the unique account identifier
-	data           []byte                 // data is the slim-RLP encoded account data.
-	origin         []byte                 // origin is the original value of account data in slim-RLP encoding.
-	code           *contractCode          // code represents mutated contract code; nil means it's not modified.
-	storages       map[common.Hash][]byte // storages stores mutated slots in prefix-zero-trimmed RLP format.
-	storagesOrigin map[common.Hash][]byte // storagesOrigin stores the original values of mutated slots in prefix-zero-trimmed RLP format.
+	address  common.Address         // address is the unique account identifier
+	data     []byte                 // data is the slim-RLP encoded account data.
+	origin   []byte                 // origin is the original value of account data in slim-RLP encoding.
+	code     *contractCode          // code represents mutated contract code; nil means it's not modified.
+	storages map[common.Hash][]byte // storages stores mutated slots in prefix-zero-trimmed RLP format.
+
+	// storagesOriginByKey and storagesOriginByHash both store the original values
+	// of mutated slots in prefix-zero-trimmed RLP format. The difference is that
+	// storagesOriginByKey uses the **raw** storage slot key as the map ID, while
+	// storagesOriginByHash uses the **hash** of the storage slot key instead.
+	storagesOriginByKey  map[common.Hash][]byte
+	storagesOriginByHash map[common.Hash][]byte
 }
 
 // stateUpdate represents the difference between two states resulting from state
 // execution. It contains information about mutated contract codes, accounts,
 // and storage slots, along with their original values.
 type stateUpdate struct {
-	originRoot     common.Hash                               // hash of the state before applying mutation
-	root           common.Hash                               // hash of the state after applying mutation
-	accounts       map[common.Hash][]byte                    // accounts stores mutated accounts in 'slim RLP' encoding
-	accountsOrigin map[common.Address][]byte                 // accountsOrigin stores the original values of mutated accounts in 'slim RLP' encoding
-	storages       map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte    // storages stores mutated slots in 'prefix-zero-trimmed' RLP format
-	storagesOrigin map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte // storagesOrigin stores the original values of mutated slots in 'prefix-zero-trimmed' RLP format
-	codes          map[common.Address]contractCode           // codes contains the set of dirty codes
-	nodes          *trienode.MergedNodeSet                   // Aggregated dirty nodes caused by state changes
+	originRoot     common.Hash               // hash of the state before applying mutation
+	root           common.Hash               // hash of the state after applying mutation
+	accounts       map[common.Hash][]byte    // accounts stores mutated accounts in 'slim RLP' encoding
+	accountsOrigin map[common.Address][]byte // accountsOrigin stores the original values of mutated accounts in 'slim RLP' encoding
+
+	// storages stores mutated slots in 'prefix-zero-trimmed' RLP format.
+	// The value is keyed by account hash and **storage slot key hash**.
+	storages map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte
+
+	// storagesOrigin stores the original values of mutated slots in
+	// 'prefix-zero-trimmed' RLP format.
+	// (a) the value is keyed by account hash and **storage slot key** if rawStorageKey is true;
+	// (b) the value is keyed by account hash and **storage slot key hash** if rawStorageKey is false;
+	storagesOrigin map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte
+	rawStorageKey  bool
+
+	codes map[common.Address]contractCode // codes contains the set of dirty codes
+	nodes *trienode.MergedNodeSet         // Aggregated dirty nodes caused by state changes
 }
 
 // empty returns a flag indicating the state transition is empty or not.
@@ -67,10 +89,13 @@ func (sc *stateUpdate) empty() bool {
 	return sc.originRoot == sc.root
 }
 
-// newStateUpdate constructs a state update object, representing the differences
-// between two states by performing state execution. It aggregates the given
-// account deletions and account updates to form a comprehensive state update.
-func newStateUpdate(originRoot common.Hash, root common.Hash, deletes map[common.Hash]*accountDelete, updates map[common.Hash]*accountUpdate, nodes *trienode.MergedNodeSet) *stateUpdate {
+// newStateUpdate constructs a state update object by identifying the differences
+// between two states through state execution. It combines the specified account
+// deletions and account updates to create a complete state update.
+//
+// rawStorageKey is a flag indicating whether to use the raw storage slot key or
+// the hash of the slot key for constructing state update object.
+func newStateUpdate(rawStorageKey bool, originRoot common.Hash, root common.Hash, deletes map[common.Hash]*accountDelete, updates map[common.Hash]*accountUpdate, nodes *trienode.MergedNodeSet) *stateUpdate {
 	var (
 		accounts       = make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
 		accountsOrigin = make(map[common.Address][]byte)
@@ -78,13 +103,14 @@ func newStateUpdate(originRoot common.Hash, root common.Hash, deletes map[common
 		storagesOrigin = make(map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte)
 		codes          = make(map[common.Address]contractCode)
 	)
-	// Due to the fact that some accounts could be destructed and resurrected
-	// within the same block, the deletions must be aggregated first.
+	// Since some accounts might be destroyed and recreated within the same
+	// block, deletions must be aggregated first.
 	for addrHash, op := range deletes {
 		addr := op.address
 		accounts[addrHash] = nil
 		accountsOrigin[addr] = op.origin
 
+		// If storage wiping exists, the hash of the storage slot key must be used
 		if len(op.storages) > 0 {
 			storages[addrHash] = op.storages
 		}
@@ -118,12 +144,16 @@ func newStateUpdate(originRoot common.Hash, root common.Hash, deletes map[common
 		}
 		// Aggregate the storage original values. If the slot is already present
 		// in aggregated storagesOrigin set, skip it.
-		if len(op.storagesOrigin) > 0 {
+		storageOriginSet := op.storagesOriginByHash
+		if rawStorageKey {
+			storageOriginSet = op.storagesOriginByKey
+		}
+		if len(storageOriginSet) > 0 {
 			origin, exist := storagesOrigin[addr]
 			if !exist {
-				storagesOrigin[addr] = op.storagesOrigin
+				storagesOrigin[addr] = storageOriginSet
 			} else {
-				for key, slot := range op.storagesOrigin {
+				for key, slot := range storageOriginSet {
 					if _, found := origin[key]; !found {
 						origin[key] = slot
 					}
@@ -138,6 +168,7 @@ func newStateUpdate(originRoot common.Hash, root common.Hash, deletes map[common
 		accountsOrigin: accountsOrigin,
 		storages:       storages,
 		storagesOrigin: storagesOrigin,
+		rawStorageKey:  rawStorageKey,
 		codes:          codes,
 		nodes:          nodes,
 	}
@@ -153,5 +184,6 @@ func (sc *stateUpdate) stateSet() *triedb.StateSet {
 		AccountsOrigin: sc.accountsOrigin,
 		Storages:       sc.storages,
 		StoragesOrigin: sc.storagesOrigin,
+		RawStorageKey:  sc.rawStorageKey,
 	}
 }
diff --git a/core/state/sync_test.go b/core/state/sync_test.go
index efa56f8860..5c8b5a90f7 100644
--- a/core/state/sync_test.go
+++ b/core/state/sync_test.go
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func makeTestState(scheme string) (ethdb.Database, Database, *triedb.Database, c
 		}
 		accounts = append(accounts, acc)
 	}
-	root, _ := state.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := state.Commit(0, false, false)
 
 	// Return the generated state
 	return db, sdb, nodeDb, root, accounts
diff --git a/core/state/trie_prefetcher_test.go b/core/state/trie_prefetcher_test.go
index d96727704c..4d1b627c4d 100644
--- a/core/state/trie_prefetcher_test.go
+++ b/core/state/trie_prefetcher_test.go
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ func TestVerklePrefetcher(t *testing.T) {
 	state.SetBalance(addr, uint256.NewInt(42), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified) // Change the account trie
 	state.SetCode(addr, []byte("hello"))                                         // Change an external metadata
 	state.SetState(addr, skey, sval)                                             // Change the storage trie
-	root, _ := state.Commit(0, true)
+	root, _ := state.Commit(0, true, false)
 
 	state, _ = New(root, sdb)
 	sRoot := state.GetStorageRoot(addr)
diff --git a/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go b/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go
index e4441bec5d..3d90ec4412 100644
--- a/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go
+++ b/core/txpool/blobpool/blobpool_test.go
@@ -650,7 +650,7 @@ func TestOpenDrops(t *testing.T) {
 	statedb.AddBalance(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(overcapper.PublicKey), uint256.NewInt(10000000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 	statedb.AddBalance(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(duplicater.PublicKey), uint256.NewInt(1000000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 	statedb.AddBalance(crypto.PubkeyToAddress(repeater.PublicKey), uint256.NewInt(1000000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
-	statedb.Commit(0, true)
+	statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
 
 	chain := &testBlockChain{
 		config:  params.MainnetChainConfig,
@@ -769,7 +769,7 @@ func TestOpenIndex(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a blob pool out of the pre-seeded data
 	statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
 	statedb.AddBalance(addr, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
-	statedb.Commit(0, true)
+	statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
 
 	chain := &testBlockChain{
 		config:  params.MainnetChainConfig,
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ func TestOpenHeap(t *testing.T) {
 	statedb.AddBalance(addr1, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 	statedb.AddBalance(addr2, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 	statedb.AddBalance(addr3, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
-	statedb.Commit(0, true)
+	statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
 
 	chain := &testBlockChain{
 		config:  params.MainnetChainConfig,
@@ -951,7 +951,7 @@ func TestOpenCap(t *testing.T) {
 		statedb.AddBalance(addr1, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 		statedb.AddBalance(addr2, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 		statedb.AddBalance(addr3, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
-		statedb.Commit(0, true)
+		statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
 
 		chain := &testBlockChain{
 			config:  params.MainnetChainConfig,
@@ -1393,7 +1393,7 @@ func TestAdd(t *testing.T) {
 				store.Put(blob)
 			}
 		}
-		statedb.Commit(0, true)
+		statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
 		store.Close()
 
 		// Create a blob pool out of the pre-seeded dats
@@ -1519,7 +1519,7 @@ func benchmarkPoolPending(b *testing.B, datacap uint64) {
 		statedb.AddBalance(addr, uint256.NewInt(1_000_000_000), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 		pool.add(tx)
 	}
-	statedb.Commit(0, true)
+	statedb.Commit(0, true, false)
 	defer pool.Close()
 
 	// Benchmark assembling the pending
diff --git a/eth/api_debug_test.go b/eth/api_debug_test.go
index cfb8829b5c..02b85f69fd 100644
--- a/eth/api_debug_test.go
+++ b/eth/api_debug_test.go
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func TestAccountRange(t *testing.T) {
 			m[addr] = true
 		}
 	}
-	root, _ := sdb.Commit(0, true)
+	root, _ := sdb.Commit(0, true, false)
 	sdb, _ = state.New(root, statedb)
 
 	trie, err := statedb.OpenTrie(root)
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ func TestEmptyAccountRange(t *testing.T) {
 		st, _   = state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, statedb)
 	)
 	// Commit(although nothing to flush) and re-init the statedb
-	st.Commit(0, true)
+	st.Commit(0, true, false)
 	st, _ = state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, statedb)
 
 	results := st.RawDump(&state.DumpConfig{
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ func TestStorageRangeAt(t *testing.T) {
 	for _, entry := range storage {
 		sdb.SetState(addr, *entry.Key, entry.Value)
 	}
-	root, _ := sdb.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := sdb.Commit(0, false, false)
 	sdb, _ = state.New(root, db)
 
 	// Check a few combinations of limit and start/end.
diff --git a/eth/state_accessor.go b/eth/state_accessor.go
index 0749d73791..99ed28d96a 100644
--- a/eth/state_accessor.go
+++ b/eth/state_accessor.go
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ func (eth *Ethereum) hashState(ctx context.Context, block *types.Block, reexec u
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("processing block %d failed: %v", current.NumberU64(), err)
 		}
 		// Finalize the state so any modifications are written to the trie
-		root, err := statedb.Commit(current.NumberU64(), eth.blockchain.Config().IsEIP158(current.Number()))
+		root, err := statedb.Commit(current.NumberU64(), eth.blockchain.Config().IsEIP158(current.Number()), eth.blockchain.Config().IsCancun(current.Number(), current.Time()))
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("stateAtBlock commit failed, number %d root %v: %w",
 				current.NumberU64(), current.Root().Hex(), err)
diff --git a/tests/state_test_util.go b/tests/state_test_util.go
index 740ebd4afd..e658b62ebf 100644
--- a/tests/state_test_util.go
+++ b/tests/state_test_util.go
@@ -339,7 +339,7 @@ func (t *StateTest) RunNoVerify(subtest StateSubtest, vmconfig vm.Config, snapsh
 	st.StateDB.AddBalance(block.Coinbase(), new(uint256.Int), tracing.BalanceChangeUnspecified)
 
 	// Commit state mutations into database.
-	root, _ = st.StateDB.Commit(block.NumberU64(), config.IsEIP158(block.Number()))
+	root, _ = st.StateDB.Commit(block.NumberU64(), config.IsEIP158(block.Number()), config.IsCancun(block.Number(), block.Time()))
 	if tracer := evm.Config.Tracer; tracer != nil && tracer.OnTxEnd != nil {
 		receipt := &types.Receipt{GasUsed: vmRet.UsedGas}
 		tracer.OnTxEnd(receipt, nil)
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ func MakePreState(db ethdb.Database, accounts types.GenesisAlloc, snapshotter bo
 		}
 	}
 	// Commit and re-open to start with a clean state.
-	root, _ := statedb.Commit(0, false)
+	root, _ := statedb.Commit(0, false, false)
 
 	// If snapshot is requested, initialize the snapshotter and use it in state.
 	var snaps *snapshot.Tree
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/buffer.go b/triedb/pathdb/buffer.go
index 68e136f193..dea8875bda 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/buffer.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/buffer.go
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func newBuffer(limit int, nodes *nodeSet, states *stateSet, layers uint64) *buff
 		nodes = newNodeSet(nil)
 	}
 	if states == nil {
-		states = newStates(nil, nil)
+		states = newStates(nil, nil, false)
 	}
 	return &buffer{
 		layers: layers,
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/database_test.go b/triedb/pathdb/database_test.go
index a6b1d3c045..f4b3fcec23 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/database_test.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/database_test.go
@@ -91,29 +91,47 @@ func newCtx(stateRoot common.Hash) *genctx {
 	}
 }
 
+func (ctx *genctx) storageOriginSet(rawStorageKey bool, t *tester) map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte {
+	if !rawStorageKey {
+		return ctx.storageOrigin
+	}
+	set := make(map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte)
+	for addr, storage := range ctx.storageOrigin {
+		subset := make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
+		for hash, val := range storage {
+			key := t.hashPreimage(hash)
+			subset[key] = val
+		}
+		set[addr] = subset
+	}
+	return set
+}
+
 type tester struct {
 	db        *Database
 	roots     []common.Hash
-	preimages map[common.Hash]common.Address
-	accounts  map[common.Hash][]byte
-	storages  map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte
+	preimages map[common.Hash][]byte
+
+	// current state set
+	accounts map[common.Hash][]byte
+	storages map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte
 
 	// state snapshots
 	snapAccounts map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte
 	snapStorages map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte
 }
 
-func newTester(t *testing.T, historyLimit uint64) *tester {
+func newTester(t *testing.T, historyLimit uint64, isVerkle bool) *tester {
 	var (
 		disk, _ = rawdb.NewDatabaseWithFreezer(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), t.TempDir(), "", false)
 		db      = New(disk, &Config{
 			StateHistory:    historyLimit,
 			CleanCacheSize:  16 * 1024,
 			WriteBufferSize: 16 * 1024,
-		}, false)
+		}, isVerkle)
 		obj = &tester{
 			db:           db,
-			preimages:    make(map[common.Hash]common.Address),
+			preimages:    make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
 			accounts:     make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
 			storages:     make(map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte),
 			snapAccounts: make(map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte),
@@ -125,7 +143,8 @@ func newTester(t *testing.T, historyLimit uint64) *tester {
 		if len(obj.roots) != 0 {
 			parent = obj.roots[len(obj.roots)-1]
 		}
-		root, nodes, states := obj.generate(parent)
+		root, nodes, states := obj.generate(parent, i > 6)
+
 		if err := db.Update(root, parent, uint64(i), nodes, states); err != nil {
 			panic(fmt.Errorf("failed to update state changes, err: %w", err))
 		}
@@ -134,6 +153,14 @@ func newTester(t *testing.T, historyLimit uint64) *tester {
 	return obj
 }
 
+func (t *tester) accountPreimage(hash common.Hash) common.Address {
+	return common.BytesToAddress(t.preimages[hash])
+}
+
+func (t *tester) hashPreimage(hash common.Hash) common.Hash {
+	return common.BytesToHash(t.preimages[hash])
+}
+
 func (t *tester) release() {
 	t.db.Close()
 	t.db.diskdb.Close()
@@ -141,7 +168,7 @@ func (t *tester) release() {
 
 func (t *tester) randAccount() (common.Address, []byte) {
 	for addrHash, account := range t.accounts {
-		return t.preimages[addrHash], account
+		return t.accountPreimage(addrHash), account
 	}
 	return common.Address{}, nil
 }
@@ -154,7 +181,9 @@ func (t *tester) generateStorage(ctx *genctx, addr common.Address) common.Hash {
 	)
 	for i := 0; i < 10; i++ {
 		v, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(common.TrimLeftZeroes(testrand.Bytes(32)))
-		hash := testrand.Hash()
+		key := testrand.Bytes(32)
+		hash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(key)
+		t.preimages[hash] = key
 
 		storage[hash] = v
 		origin[hash] = nil
@@ -183,7 +212,9 @@ func (t *tester) mutateStorage(ctx *genctx, addr common.Address, root common.Has
 	}
 	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
 		v, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(common.TrimLeftZeroes(testrand.Bytes(32)))
-		hash := testrand.Hash()
+		key := testrand.Bytes(32)
+		hash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(key)
+		t.preimages[hash] = key
 
 		storage[hash] = v
 		origin[hash] = nil
@@ -216,7 +247,7 @@ func (t *tester) clearStorage(ctx *genctx, addr common.Address, root common.Hash
 	return root
 }
 
-func (t *tester) generate(parent common.Hash) (common.Hash, *trienode.MergedNodeSet, *StateSetWithOrigin) {
+func (t *tester) generate(parent common.Hash, rawStorageKey bool) (common.Hash, *trienode.MergedNodeSet, *StateSetWithOrigin) {
 	var (
 		ctx     = newCtx(parent)
 		dirties = make(map[common.Hash]struct{})
@@ -232,9 +263,12 @@ func (t *tester) generate(parent common.Hash) (common.Hash, *trienode.MergedNode
 			// account creation
 			addr := testrand.Address()
 			addrHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(addr.Bytes())
+
+			// short circuit if the account was already existent
 			if _, ok := t.accounts[addrHash]; ok {
 				continue
 			}
+			// short circuit if the account has been modified within the same transition
 			if _, ok := dirties[addrHash]; ok {
 				continue
 			}
@@ -243,7 +277,7 @@ func (t *tester) generate(parent common.Hash) (common.Hash, *trienode.MergedNode
 			root := t.generateStorage(ctx, addr)
 			ctx.accounts[addrHash] = types.SlimAccountRLP(generateAccount(root))
 			ctx.accountOrigin[addr] = nil
-			t.preimages[addrHash] = addr
+			t.preimages[addrHash] = addr.Bytes()
 
 		case modifyAccountOp:
 			// account mutation
@@ -252,6 +286,8 @@ func (t *tester) generate(parent common.Hash) (common.Hash, *trienode.MergedNode
 				continue
 			}
 			addrHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(addr.Bytes())
+
+			// short circuit if the account has been modified within the same transition
 			if _, ok := dirties[addrHash]; ok {
 				continue
 			}
@@ -271,6 +307,8 @@ func (t *tester) generate(parent common.Hash) (common.Hash, *trienode.MergedNode
 				continue
 			}
 			addrHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(addr.Bytes())
+
+			// short circuit if the account has been modified within the same transition
 			if _, ok := dirties[addrHash]; ok {
 				continue
 			}
@@ -314,7 +352,8 @@ func (t *tester) generate(parent common.Hash) (common.Hash, *trienode.MergedNode
 			delete(t.storages, addrHash)
 		}
 	}
-	return root, ctx.nodes, NewStateSetWithOrigin(ctx.accounts, ctx.storages, ctx.accountOrigin, ctx.storageOrigin)
+	storageOrigin := ctx.storageOriginSet(rawStorageKey, t)
+	return root, ctx.nodes, NewStateSetWithOrigin(ctx.accounts, ctx.storages, ctx.accountOrigin, storageOrigin, rawStorageKey)
 }
 
 // lastHash returns the latest root hash, or empty if nothing is cached.
@@ -409,7 +448,7 @@ func TestDatabaseRollback(t *testing.T) {
 	}()
 
 	// Verify state histories
-	tester := newTester(t, 0)
+	tester := newTester(t, 0, false)
 	defer tester.release()
 
 	if err := tester.verifyHistory(); err != nil {
@@ -443,7 +482,7 @@ func TestDatabaseRecoverable(t *testing.T) {
 	}()
 
 	var (
-		tester = newTester(t, 0)
+		tester = newTester(t, 0, false)
 		index  = tester.bottomIndex()
 	)
 	defer tester.release()
@@ -487,7 +526,7 @@ func TestDisable(t *testing.T) {
 		maxDiffLayers = 128
 	}()
 
-	tester := newTester(t, 0)
+	tester := newTester(t, 0, false)
 	defer tester.release()
 
 	stored := crypto.Keccak256Hash(rawdb.ReadAccountTrieNode(tester.db.diskdb, nil))
@@ -529,7 +568,7 @@ func TestCommit(t *testing.T) {
 		maxDiffLayers = 128
 	}()
 
-	tester := newTester(t, 0)
+	tester := newTester(t, 0, false)
 	defer tester.release()
 
 	if err := tester.db.Commit(tester.lastHash(), false); err != nil {
@@ -559,7 +598,7 @@ func TestJournal(t *testing.T) {
 		maxDiffLayers = 128
 	}()
 
-	tester := newTester(t, 0)
+	tester := newTester(t, 0, false)
 	defer tester.release()
 
 	if err := tester.db.Journal(tester.lastHash()); err != nil {
@@ -589,7 +628,7 @@ func TestCorruptedJournal(t *testing.T) {
 		maxDiffLayers = 128
 	}()
 
-	tester := newTester(t, 0)
+	tester := newTester(t, 0, false)
 	defer tester.release()
 
 	if err := tester.db.Journal(tester.lastHash()); err != nil {
@@ -637,7 +676,7 @@ func TestTailTruncateHistory(t *testing.T) {
 		maxDiffLayers = 128
 	}()
 
-	tester := newTester(t, 10)
+	tester := newTester(t, 10, false)
 	defer tester.release()
 
 	tester.db.Close()
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/difflayer_test.go b/triedb/pathdb/difflayer_test.go
index 7176d9964d..83ed833486 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/difflayer_test.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/difflayer_test.go
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func benchmarkSearch(b *testing.B, depth int, total int) {
 				nblob = common.CopyBytes(blob)
 			}
 		}
-		return newDiffLayer(parent, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, newNodeSet(nodes), NewStateSetWithOrigin(nil, nil, nil, nil))
+		return newDiffLayer(parent, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, newNodeSet(nodes), NewStateSetWithOrigin(nil, nil, nil, nil, false))
 	}
 	var layer layer
 	layer = emptyLayer()
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ func BenchmarkPersist(b *testing.B) {
 			)
 			nodes[common.Hash{}][string(path)] = node
 		}
-		return newDiffLayer(parent, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, newNodeSet(nodes), NewStateSetWithOrigin(nil, nil, nil, nil))
+		return newDiffLayer(parent, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, newNodeSet(nodes), NewStateSetWithOrigin(nil, nil, nil, nil, false))
 	}
 	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
 		b.StopTimer()
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func BenchmarkJournal(b *testing.B) {
 			)
 			nodes[common.Hash{}][string(path)] = node
 		}
-		return newDiffLayer(parent, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, newNodeSet(nodes), NewStateSetWithOrigin(nil, nil, nil, nil))
+		return newDiffLayer(parent, common.Hash{}, 0, 0, newNodeSet(nodes), NewStateSetWithOrigin(nil, nil, nil, nil, false))
 	}
 	var layer layer
 	layer = emptyLayer()
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/disklayer.go b/triedb/pathdb/disklayer.go
index 003431b19b..5e678dbdee 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/disklayer.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/disklayer.go
@@ -316,7 +316,7 @@ func (dl *diskLayer) revert(h *history) (*diskLayer, error) {
 	// Apply the reverse state changes upon the current state. This must
 	// be done before holding the lock in order to access state in "this"
 	// layer.
-	nodes, err := apply(dl.db, h.meta.parent, h.meta.root, h.accounts, h.storages)
+	nodes, err := apply(dl.db, h.meta.parent, h.meta.root, h.meta.version != stateHistoryV0, h.accounts, h.storages)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/execute.go b/triedb/pathdb/execute.go
index e24d0710f3..80cecb82e7 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/execute.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/execute.go
@@ -30,11 +30,12 @@ import (
 
 // context wraps all fields for executing state diffs.
 type context struct {
-	prevRoot common.Hash
-	postRoot common.Hash
-	accounts map[common.Address][]byte
-	storages map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte
-	nodes    *trienode.MergedNodeSet
+	prevRoot      common.Hash
+	postRoot      common.Hash
+	accounts      map[common.Address][]byte
+	storages      map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte
+	nodes         *trienode.MergedNodeSet
+	rawStorageKey bool
 
 	// TODO (rjl493456442) abstract out the state hasher
 	// for supporting verkle tree.
@@ -43,18 +44,19 @@ type context struct {
 
 // apply processes the given state diffs, updates the corresponding post-state
 // and returns the trie nodes that have been modified.
-func apply(db database.NodeDatabase, prevRoot common.Hash, postRoot common.Hash, accounts map[common.Address][]byte, storages map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte) (map[common.Hash]map[string]*trienode.Node, error) {
+func apply(db database.NodeDatabase, prevRoot common.Hash, postRoot common.Hash, rawStorageKey bool, accounts map[common.Address][]byte, storages map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte) (map[common.Hash]map[string]*trienode.Node, error) {
 	tr, err := trie.New(trie.TrieID(postRoot), db)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	ctx := &context{
-		prevRoot:    prevRoot,
-		postRoot:    postRoot,
-		accounts:    accounts,
-		storages:    storages,
-		accountTrie: tr,
-		nodes:       trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
+		prevRoot:      prevRoot,
+		postRoot:      postRoot,
+		accounts:      accounts,
+		storages:      storages,
+		accountTrie:   tr,
+		rawStorageKey: rawStorageKey,
+		nodes:         trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
 	}
 	for addr, account := range accounts {
 		var err error
@@ -109,11 +111,15 @@ func updateAccount(ctx *context, db database.NodeDatabase, addr common.Address)
 		return err
 	}
 	for key, val := range ctx.storages[addr] {
+		tkey := key
+		if ctx.rawStorageKey {
+			tkey = h.hash(key.Bytes())
+		}
 		var err error
 		if len(val) == 0 {
-			err = st.Delete(key.Bytes())
+			err = st.Delete(tkey.Bytes())
 		} else {
-			err = st.Update(key.Bytes(), val)
+			err = st.Update(tkey.Bytes(), val)
 		}
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
@@ -166,7 +172,11 @@ func deleteAccount(ctx *context, db database.NodeDatabase, addr common.Address)
 		if len(val) != 0 {
 			return errors.New("expect storage deletion")
 		}
-		if err := st.Delete(key.Bytes()); err != nil {
+		tkey := key
+		if ctx.rawStorageKey {
+			tkey = h.hash(key.Bytes())
+		}
+		if err := st.Delete(tkey.Bytes()); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/history.go b/triedb/pathdb/history.go
index e1cd981153..9fb7d9e153 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/history.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/history.go
@@ -68,7 +68,8 @@ const (
 	slotIndexSize    = common.HashLength + 5     // The length of encoded slot index
 	historyMetaSize  = 9 + 2*common.HashLength   // The length of encoded history meta
 
-	stateHistoryVersion = uint8(0) // initial version of state history structure.
+	stateHistoryV0 = uint8(0) // initial version of state history structure
+	stateHistoryV1 = uint8(1) // use the storage slot raw key as the identifier instead of the key hash
 )
 
 // Each state history entry is consisted of five elements:
@@ -169,15 +170,18 @@ func (i *accountIndex) decode(blob []byte) {
 
 // slotIndex describes the metadata belonging to a storage slot.
 type slotIndex struct {
-	hash   common.Hash // The hash of slot key
-	length uint8       // The length of storage slot, up to 32 bytes defined in protocol
-	offset uint32      // The offset of item in storage slot data table
+	// the identifier of the storage slot. Specifically
+	// in v0, it's the hash of the raw storage slot key (32 bytes);
+	// in v1, it's the raw storage slot key (32 bytes);
+	id     common.Hash
+	length uint8  // The length of storage slot, up to 32 bytes defined in protocol
+	offset uint32 // The offset of item in storage slot data table
 }
 
 // encode packs slot index into byte stream.
 func (i *slotIndex) encode() []byte {
 	var buf [slotIndexSize]byte
-	copy(buf[:common.HashLength], i.hash.Bytes())
+	copy(buf[:common.HashLength], i.id.Bytes())
 	buf[common.HashLength] = i.length
 	binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(buf[common.HashLength+1:], i.offset)
 	return buf[:]
@@ -185,7 +189,7 @@ func (i *slotIndex) encode() []byte {
 
 // decode unpack slot index from the byte stream.
 func (i *slotIndex) decode(blob []byte) {
-	i.hash = common.BytesToHash(blob[:common.HashLength])
+	i.id = common.BytesToHash(blob[:common.HashLength])
 	i.length = blob[common.HashLength]
 	i.offset = binary.BigEndian.Uint32(blob[common.HashLength+1:])
 }
@@ -214,7 +218,7 @@ func (m *meta) decode(blob []byte) error {
 		return errors.New("no version tag")
 	}
 	switch blob[0] {
-	case stateHistoryVersion:
+	case stateHistoryV0, stateHistoryV1:
 		if len(blob) != historyMetaSize {
 			return fmt.Errorf("invalid state history meta, len: %d", len(blob))
 		}
@@ -242,7 +246,7 @@ type history struct {
 }
 
 // newHistory constructs the state history object with provided state change set.
-func newHistory(root common.Hash, parent common.Hash, block uint64, accounts map[common.Address][]byte, storages map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte) *history {
+func newHistory(root common.Hash, parent common.Hash, block uint64, accounts map[common.Address][]byte, storages map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte, rawStorageKey bool) *history {
 	var (
 		accountList = maps.Keys(accounts)
 		storageList = make(map[common.Address][]common.Hash)
@@ -254,9 +258,13 @@ func newHistory(root common.Hash, parent common.Hash, block uint64, accounts map
 		slices.SortFunc(slist, common.Hash.Cmp)
 		storageList[addr] = slist
 	}
+	version := stateHistoryV0
+	if rawStorageKey {
+		version = stateHistoryV1
+	}
 	return &history{
 		meta: &meta{
-			version: stateHistoryVersion,
+			version: version,
 			parent:  parent,
 			root:    root,
 			block:   block,
@@ -289,7 +297,7 @@ func (h *history) encode() ([]byte, []byte, []byte, []byte) {
 			// Encode storage slots in order
 			for _, slotHash := range h.storageList[addr] {
 				sIndex := slotIndex{
-					hash:   slotHash,
+					id:     slotHash,
 					length: uint8(len(slots[slotHash])),
 					offset: uint32(len(storageData)),
 				}
@@ -377,7 +385,7 @@ func (r *decoder) readAccount(pos int) (accountIndex, []byte, error) {
 // readStorage parses the storage slots from the byte stream with specified account.
 func (r *decoder) readStorage(accIndex accountIndex) ([]common.Hash, map[common.Hash][]byte, error) {
 	var (
-		last    common.Hash
+		last    *common.Hash
 		count   = int(accIndex.storageSlots)
 		list    = make([]common.Hash, 0, count)
 		storage = make(map[common.Hash][]byte, count)
@@ -402,8 +410,10 @@ func (r *decoder) readStorage(accIndex accountIndex) ([]common.Hash, map[common.
 		}
 		index.decode(r.storageIndexes[start:end])
 
-		if bytes.Compare(last.Bytes(), index.hash.Bytes()) >= 0 {
-			return nil, nil, errors.New("storage slot is not in order")
+		if last != nil {
+			if bytes.Compare(last.Bytes(), index.id.Bytes()) >= 0 {
+				return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("storage slot is not in order, last: %x, current: %x", *last, index.id)
+			}
 		}
 		if index.offset != r.lastSlotDataRead {
 			return nil, nil, errors.New("storage data buffer is gapped")
@@ -412,10 +422,10 @@ func (r *decoder) readStorage(accIndex accountIndex) ([]common.Hash, map[common.
 		if uint32(len(r.storageData)) < sEnd {
 			return nil, nil, errors.New("storage data buffer is corrupted")
 		}
-		storage[index.hash] = r.storageData[r.lastSlotDataRead:sEnd]
-		list = append(list, index.hash)
+		storage[index.id] = r.storageData[r.lastSlotDataRead:sEnd]
+		list = append(list, index.id)
 
-		last = index.hash
+		last = &index.id
 		r.lastSlotIndexRead = end
 		r.lastSlotDataRead = sEnd
 	}
@@ -498,7 +508,7 @@ func writeHistory(writer ethdb.AncientWriter, dl *diffLayer) error {
 	}
 	var (
 		start   = time.Now()
-		history = newHistory(dl.rootHash(), dl.parentLayer().rootHash(), dl.block, dl.states.accountOrigin, dl.states.storageOrigin)
+		history = newHistory(dl.rootHash(), dl.parentLayer().rootHash(), dl.block, dl.states.accountOrigin, dl.states.storageOrigin, dl.states.rawStorageKey)
 	)
 	accountData, storageData, accountIndex, storageIndex := history.encode()
 	dataSize := common.StorageSize(len(accountData) + len(storageData))
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/history_inspect.go b/triedb/pathdb/history_inspect.go
index 240474da37..7dbe5959dc 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/history_inspect.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/history_inspect.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 )
@@ -109,12 +110,17 @@ func accountHistory(freezer ethdb.AncientReader, address common.Address, start,
 
 // storageHistory inspects the storage history within the range.
 func storageHistory(freezer ethdb.AncientReader, address common.Address, slot common.Hash, start uint64, end uint64) (*HistoryStats, error) {
+	slotHash := crypto.Keccak256Hash(slot.Bytes())
 	return inspectHistory(freezer, start, end, func(h *history, stats *HistoryStats) {
 		slots, exists := h.storages[address]
 		if !exists {
 			return
 		}
-		blob, exists := slots[slot]
+		key := slotHash
+		if h.meta.version != stateHistoryV0 {
+			key = slot
+		}
+		blob, exists := slots[key]
 		if !exists {
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/history_test.go b/triedb/pathdb/history_test.go
index d430706dee..953f023530 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/history_test.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/history_test.go
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ func randomStateSet(n int) (map[common.Address][]byte, map[common.Address]map[co
 	return accounts, storages
 }
 
-func makeHistory() *history {
+func makeHistory(rawStorageKey bool) *history {
 	accounts, storages := randomStateSet(3)
-	return newHistory(testrand.Hash(), types.EmptyRootHash, 0, accounts, storages)
+	return newHistory(testrand.Hash(), types.EmptyRootHash, 0, accounts, storages, rawStorageKey)
 }
 
 func makeHistories(n int) []*history {
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func makeHistories(n int) []*history {
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
 		root := testrand.Hash()
 		accounts, storages := randomStateSet(3)
-		h := newHistory(root, parent, uint64(i), accounts, storages)
+		h := newHistory(root, parent, uint64(i), accounts, storages, false)
 		parent = root
 		result = append(result, h)
 	}
@@ -70,10 +70,15 @@ func makeHistories(n int) []*history {
 }
 
 func TestEncodeDecodeHistory(t *testing.T) {
+	testEncodeDecodeHistory(t, false)
+	testEncodeDecodeHistory(t, true)
+}
+
+func testEncodeDecodeHistory(t *testing.T, rawStorageKey bool) {
 	var (
 		m   meta
 		dec history
-		obj = makeHistory()
+		obj = makeHistory(rawStorageKey)
 	)
 	// check if meta data can be correctly encode/decode
 	blob := obj.meta.encode()
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/iterator_test.go b/triedb/pathdb/iterator_test.go
index 48b5870b5b..05a166d1b6 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/iterator_test.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/iterator_test.go
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func TestAccountIteratorBasics(t *testing.T) {
 			storage[hash] = accStorage
 		}
 	}
-	states := newStates(accounts, storage)
+	states := newStates(accounts, storage, false)
 	it := newDiffAccountIterator(common.Hash{}, states, nil)
 	verifyIterator(t, 100, it, verifyNothing) // Nil is allowed for single layer iterator
 
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ func TestStorageIteratorBasics(t *testing.T) {
 		storage[hash] = accStorage
 		nilStorage[hash] = nilstorage
 	}
-	states := newStates(accounts, storage)
+	states := newStates(accounts, storage, false)
 	for account := range accounts {
 		it := newDiffStorageIterator(account, common.Hash{}, states, nil)
 		verifyIterator(t, 100, it, verifyNothing) // Nil is allowed for single layer iterator
@@ -267,13 +267,13 @@ func TestAccountIteratorTraversal(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Stack three diff layers on top with various overlaps
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 0, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa", "0xee", "0xff", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa", "0xee", "0xff", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 0, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xbb", "0xdd", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xbb", "0xdd", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 0, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xcc", "0xf0", "0xff"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xcc", "0xf0", "0xff"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	// Verify the single and multi-layer iterators
 	head := db.tree.get(common.HexToHash("0x04"))
@@ -314,13 +314,13 @@ func TestStorageIteratorTraversal(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Stack three diff layers on top with various overlaps
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 0, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x02", "0x03"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x02", "0x03"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 0, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x04", "0x05", "0x06"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x04", "0x05", "0x06"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 0, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x02", "0x03"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x02", "0x03"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	// Verify the single and multi-layer iterators
 	head := db.tree.get(common.HexToHash("0x04"))
@@ -395,14 +395,14 @@ func TestAccountIteratorTraversalValues(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	// Assemble a stack of snapshots from the account layers
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(a, nil, nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(b, nil, nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 4, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(c, nil, nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x05"), common.HexToHash("0x04"), 5, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(d, nil, nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x06"), common.HexToHash("0x05"), 6, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(e, nil, nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x07"), common.HexToHash("0x06"), 7, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(f, nil, nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x08"), common.HexToHash("0x07"), 8, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(g, nil, nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x09"), common.HexToHash("0x08"), 9, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(h, nil, nil, nil))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(a, nil, nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(b, nil, nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 4, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(c, nil, nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x05"), common.HexToHash("0x04"), 5, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(d, nil, nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x06"), common.HexToHash("0x05"), 6, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(e, nil, nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x07"), common.HexToHash("0x06"), 7, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(f, nil, nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x08"), common.HexToHash("0x07"), 8, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(g, nil, nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x09"), common.HexToHash("0x08"), 9, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(h, nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	// binaryIterator
 	r, _ := db.StateReader(common.HexToHash("0x09"))
@@ -504,14 +504,14 @@ func TestStorageIteratorTraversalValues(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 	// Assemble a stack of snapshots from the account layers
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(a), nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(b), nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 4, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(c), nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x05"), common.HexToHash("0x04"), 5, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(d), nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x06"), common.HexToHash("0x05"), 6, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(e), nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x07"), common.HexToHash("0x06"), 7, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(f), nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x08"), common.HexToHash("0x07"), 8, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(g), nil, nil))
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x09"), common.HexToHash("0x08"), 9, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(h), nil, nil))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(a), nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(b), nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 4, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(c), nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x05"), common.HexToHash("0x04"), 5, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(d), nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x06"), common.HexToHash("0x05"), 6, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(e), nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x07"), common.HexToHash("0x06"), 7, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(f), nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x08"), common.HexToHash("0x07"), 8, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(g), nil, nil, false))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x09"), common.HexToHash("0x08"), 9, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), wrapStorage(h), nil, nil, false))
 
 	// binaryIterator
 	r, _ := db.StateReader(common.HexToHash("0x09"))
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ func TestAccountIteratorLargeTraversal(t *testing.T) {
 			parent = common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i))
 		}
 		db.Update(common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i+1)), parent, uint64(i), trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-			NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(200), nil, nil, nil))
+			NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(200), nil, nil, nil, false))
 	}
 	// Iterate the entire stack and ensure everything is hit only once
 	head := db.tree.get(common.HexToHash("0x80"))
@@ -626,13 +626,13 @@ func TestAccountIteratorFlattening(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Create a stack of diffs on top
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa", "0xee", "0xff", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa", "0xee", "0xff", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xbb", "0xdd", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xbb", "0xdd", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xcc", "0xf0", "0xff"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xcc", "0xf0", "0xff"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	// Create a binary iterator and flatten the data from underneath it
 	head := db.tree.get(common.HexToHash("0x04"))
@@ -658,13 +658,13 @@ func TestAccountIteratorSeek(t *testing.T) {
 	// db.WaitGeneration()
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa", "0xee", "0xff", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa", "0xee", "0xff", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xbb", "0xdd", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xbb", "0xdd", "0xf0"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xcc", "0xf0", "0xff"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xcc", "0xf0", "0xff"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	// Account set is now
 	// 02: aa, ee, f0, ff
@@ -731,13 +731,13 @@ func testStorageIteratorSeek(t *testing.T, newIterator func(db *Database, root,
 
 	// Stack three diff layers on top with various overlaps
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x03", "0x05"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x03", "0x05"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x02", "0x05", "0x06"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x02", "0x05", "0x06"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x05", "0x08"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x05", "0x08"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	// Account set is now
 	// 02: 01, 03, 05
@@ -803,16 +803,16 @@ func testAccountIteratorDeletions(t *testing.T, newIterator func(db *Database, r
 
 	// Stack three diff layers on top with various overlaps
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0x11", "0x22", "0x33"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0x11", "0x22", "0x33"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	deleted := common.HexToHash("0x22")
 	accounts := randomAccountSet("0x11", "0x33")
 	accounts[deleted] = nil
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(accounts, nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(accounts, nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0x33", "0x44", "0x55"), nil, nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0x33", "0x44", "0x55"), nil, nil, nil, false))
 
 	// The output should be 11,33,44,55
 	it := newIterator(db, common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.Hash{})
@@ -843,10 +843,10 @@ func TestStorageIteratorDeletions(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Stack three diff layers on top with various overlaps
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x03", "0x05"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x03", "0x05"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x02", "0x04", "0x06"}}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x03"}}), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x02", "0x04", "0x06"}}, [][]string{{"0x01", "0x03"}}), nil, nil, false))
 
 	// The output should be 02,04,05,06
 	it, _ := db.StorageIterator(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0xaa"), common.Hash{})
@@ -863,7 +863,7 @@ func TestStorageIteratorDeletions(t *testing.T) {
 		common.HexToHash("0xaa"): nil,
 	}
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(accounts, randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, nil, [][]string{{"0x02", "0x04", "0x05", "0x06"}}), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(accounts, randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, nil, [][]string{{"0x02", "0x04", "0x05", "0x06"}}), nil, nil, false))
 
 	it, _ = db.StorageIterator(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0xaa"), common.Hash{})
 	verifyIterator(t, 0, it, verifyStorage)
@@ -871,7 +871,7 @@ func TestStorageIteratorDeletions(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Re-insert the slots of the same account
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x05"), common.HexToHash("0x04"), 4, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x07", "0x08", "0x09"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x07", "0x08", "0x09"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 
 	// The output should be 07,08,09
 	it, _ = db.StorageIterator(common.HexToHash("0x05"), common.HexToHash("0xaa"), common.Hash{})
@@ -880,7 +880,7 @@ func TestStorageIteratorDeletions(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Destruct the whole storage but re-create the account in the same layer
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x06"), common.HexToHash("0x05"), 5, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x11", "0x12"}}, [][]string{{"0x07", "0x08", "0x09"}}), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x11", "0x12"}}, [][]string{{"0x07", "0x08", "0x09"}}), nil, nil, false))
 
 	it, _ = db.StorageIterator(common.HexToHash("0x06"), common.HexToHash("0xaa"), common.Hash{})
 	verifyIterator(t, 2, it, verifyStorage) // The output should be 11,12
@@ -911,19 +911,19 @@ func testStaleIterator(t *testing.T, newIter func(db *Database, hash common.Hash
 
 	// [02 (disk), 03]
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x01"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x03"), common.HexToHash("0x02"), 2, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x02"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x02"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 	db.tree.cap(common.HexToHash("0x03"), 1)
 
 	// [02 (disk), 03, 04]
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x04"), common.HexToHash("0x03"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x03"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x03"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 	iter := newIter(db, common.HexToHash("0x04"))
 
 	// [04 (disk), 05]
 	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x05"), common.HexToHash("0x04"), 3, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(),
-		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x04"}}, nil), nil, nil))
+		NewStateSetWithOrigin(randomAccountSet("0xaa"), randomStorageSet([]string{"0xaa"}, [][]string{{"0x04"}}, nil), nil, nil, false))
 	db.tree.cap(common.HexToHash("0x05"), 1)
 
 	// Iterator can't finish the traversal as the layer 02 has becoming stale.
@@ -969,7 +969,7 @@ func BenchmarkAccountIteratorTraversal(b *testing.B) {
 		if i == 1 {
 			parent = common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i))
 		}
-		db.Update(common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i+1)), parent, uint64(i), trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(200), nil, nil, nil))
+		db.Update(common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i+1)), parent, uint64(i), trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(200), nil, nil, nil, false))
 	}
 	// We call this once before the benchmark, so the creation of
 	// sorted accountlists are not included in the results.
@@ -1059,9 +1059,9 @@ func BenchmarkAccountIteratorLargeBaselayer(b *testing.B) {
 	db := New(rawdb.NewMemoryDatabase(), config, false)
 	// db.WaitGeneration()
 
-	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(2000), nil, nil, nil))
+	db.Update(common.HexToHash("0x02"), types.EmptyRootHash, 1, trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(2000), nil, nil, nil, false))
 	for i := 2; i <= 100; i++ {
-		db.Update(common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i+1)), common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i)), uint64(i), trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(20), nil, nil, nil))
+		db.Update(common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i+1)), common.HexToHash(fmt.Sprintf("0x%02x", i)), uint64(i), trienode.NewMergedNodeSet(), NewStateSetWithOrigin(makeAccounts(20), nil, nil, nil, false))
 	}
 	// We call this once before the benchmark, so the creation of
 	// sorted accountlists are not included in the results.
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/journal.go b/triedb/pathdb/journal.go
index 267d675bc2..79a7a22e0b 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/journal.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/journal.go
@@ -45,7 +45,8 @@ var (
 // - Version 0: initial version
 // - Version 1: storage.Incomplete field is removed
 // - Version 2: add post-modification state values
-const journalVersion uint64 = 2
+// - Version 3: a flag has been added to indicate whether the storage slot key is the raw key or a hash
+const journalVersion uint64 = 3
 
 // loadJournal tries to parse the layer journal from the disk.
 func (db *Database) loadJournal(diskRoot common.Hash) (layer, error) {
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/states.go b/triedb/pathdb/states.go
index 81d34da5df..969782e3c4 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/states.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/states.go
@@ -65,6 +65,8 @@ type stateSet struct {
 	accountListSorted []common.Hash                 // List of account for iteration. If it exists, it's sorted, otherwise it's nil
 	storageListSorted map[common.Hash][]common.Hash // List of storage slots for iterated retrievals, one per account. Any existing lists are sorted if non-nil
 
+	rawStorageKey bool // indicates whether the storage set uses the raw slot key or the hash
+
 	// Lock for guarding the two lists above. These lists might be accessed
 	// concurrently and lock protection is essential to avoid concurrent
 	// slice or map read/write.
@@ -72,7 +74,7 @@ type stateSet struct {
 }
 
 // newStates constructs the state set with the provided account and storage data.
-func newStates(accounts map[common.Hash][]byte, storages map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte) *stateSet {
+func newStates(accounts map[common.Hash][]byte, storages map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte, rawStorageKey bool) *stateSet {
 	// Don't panic for the lazy callers, initialize the nil maps instead.
 	if accounts == nil {
 		accounts = make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
@@ -83,6 +85,7 @@ func newStates(accounts map[common.Hash][]byte, storages map[common.Hash]map[com
 	s := &stateSet{
 		accountData:       accounts,
 		storageData:       storages,
+		rawStorageKey:     rawStorageKey,
 		storageListSorted: make(map[common.Hash][]common.Hash),
 	}
 	s.size = s.check()
@@ -330,6 +333,9 @@ func (s *stateSet) updateSize(delta int) {
 // encode serializes the content of state set into the provided writer.
 func (s *stateSet) encode(w io.Writer) error {
 	// Encode accounts
+	if err := rlp.Encode(w, s.rawStorageKey); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
 	type accounts struct {
 		AddrHashes []common.Hash
 		Accounts   [][]byte
@@ -367,6 +373,9 @@ func (s *stateSet) encode(w io.Writer) error {
 
 // decode deserializes the content from the rlp stream into the state set.
 func (s *stateSet) decode(r *rlp.Stream) error {
+	if err := r.Decode(&s.rawStorageKey); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("load diff raw storage key flag: %v", err)
+	}
 	type accounts struct {
 		AddrHashes []common.Hash
 		Accounts   [][]byte
@@ -435,23 +444,23 @@ func (s *stateSet) dbsize() int {
 type StateSetWithOrigin struct {
 	*stateSet
 
-	// AccountOrigin represents the account data before the state transition,
+	// accountOrigin represents the account data before the state transition,
 	// corresponding to both the accountData and destructSet. It's keyed by the
 	// account address. The nil value means the account was not present before.
 	accountOrigin map[common.Address][]byte
 
-	// StorageOrigin represents the storage data before the state transition,
+	// storageOrigin represents the storage data before the state transition,
 	// corresponding to storageData and deleted slots of destructSet. It's keyed
 	// by the account address and slot key hash. The nil value means the slot was
 	// not present.
 	storageOrigin map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte
 
-	// Memory size of the state data (accountOrigin and storageOrigin)
+	// memory size of the state data (accountOrigin and storageOrigin)
 	size uint64
 }
 
 // NewStateSetWithOrigin constructs the state set with the provided data.
-func NewStateSetWithOrigin(accounts map[common.Hash][]byte, storages map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte, accountOrigin map[common.Address][]byte, storageOrigin map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte) *StateSetWithOrigin {
+func NewStateSetWithOrigin(accounts map[common.Hash][]byte, storages map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte, accountOrigin map[common.Address][]byte, storageOrigin map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte, rawStorageKey bool) *StateSetWithOrigin {
 	// Don't panic for the lazy callers, initialize the nil maps instead.
 	if accountOrigin == nil {
 		accountOrigin = make(map[common.Address][]byte)
@@ -471,7 +480,7 @@ func NewStateSetWithOrigin(accounts map[common.Hash][]byte, storages map[common.
 			size += 2*common.HashLength + len(data)
 		}
 	}
-	set := newStates(accounts, storages)
+	set := newStates(accounts, storages, rawStorageKey)
 	return &StateSetWithOrigin{
 		stateSet:      set,
 		accountOrigin: accountOrigin,
diff --git a/triedb/pathdb/states_test.go b/triedb/pathdb/states_test.go
index f097e90e81..30eb6ad6c8 100644
--- a/triedb/pathdb/states_test.go
+++ b/triedb/pathdb/states_test.go
@@ -44,6 +44,7 @@ func TestStatesMerge(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: {0x10},
 			},
 		},
+		false,
 	)
 	b := newStates(
 		map[common.Hash][]byte{
@@ -64,6 +65,7 @@ func TestStatesMerge(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: nil, // delete slot
 			},
 		},
+		false,
 	)
 	a.merge(b)
 
@@ -132,6 +134,7 @@ func TestStatesRevert(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: {0x10},
 			},
 		},
+		false,
 	)
 	b := newStates(
 		map[common.Hash][]byte{
@@ -152,6 +155,7 @@ func TestStatesRevert(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: nil,
 			},
 		},
+		false,
 	)
 	a.merge(b)
 	a.revertTo(
@@ -224,12 +228,13 @@ func TestStatesRevert(t *testing.T) {
 // before and was created during transition w, reverting w will retain an x=nil
 // entry in the set.
 func TestStateRevertAccountNullMarker(t *testing.T) {
-	a := newStates(nil, nil) // empty initial state
+	a := newStates(nil, nil, false) // empty initial state
 	b := newStates(
 		map[common.Hash][]byte{
 			{0xa}: {0xa},
 		},
 		nil,
+		false,
 	)
 	a.merge(b) // create account 0xa
 	a.revertTo(
@@ -254,7 +259,7 @@ func TestStateRevertAccountNullMarker(t *testing.T) {
 func TestStateRevertStorageNullMarker(t *testing.T) {
 	a := newStates(map[common.Hash][]byte{
 		{0xa}: {0xa},
-	}, nil) // initial state with account 0xa
+	}, nil, false) // initial state with account 0xa
 
 	b := newStates(
 		nil,
@@ -263,6 +268,7 @@ func TestStateRevertStorageNullMarker(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: {0x1},
 			},
 		},
+		false,
 	)
 	a.merge(b) // create slot 0x1
 	a.revertTo(
@@ -284,6 +290,11 @@ func TestStateRevertStorageNullMarker(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestStatesEncode(t *testing.T) {
+	testStatesEncode(t, false)
+	testStatesEncode(t, true)
+}
+
+func testStatesEncode(t *testing.T, rawStorageKey bool) {
 	s := newStates(
 		map[common.Hash][]byte{
 			{0x1}: {0x1},
@@ -293,6 +304,7 @@ func TestStatesEncode(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: {0x1},
 			},
 		},
+		rawStorageKey,
 	)
 	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	if err := s.encode(buf); err != nil {
@@ -308,9 +320,17 @@ func TestStatesEncode(t *testing.T) {
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(s.storageData, dec.storageData) {
 		t.Fatal("Unexpected storage data")
 	}
+	if s.rawStorageKey != dec.rawStorageKey {
+		t.Fatal("Unexpected rawStorageKey flag")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestStateWithOriginEncode(t *testing.T) {
+	testStateWithOriginEncode(t, false)
+	testStateWithOriginEncode(t, true)
+}
+
+func testStateWithOriginEncode(t *testing.T, rawStorageKey bool) {
 	s := NewStateSetWithOrigin(
 		map[common.Hash][]byte{
 			{0x1}: {0x1},
@@ -328,6 +348,7 @@ func TestStateWithOriginEncode(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: {0x1},
 			},
 		},
+		rawStorageKey,
 	)
 	buf := bytes.NewBuffer(nil)
 	if err := s.encode(buf); err != nil {
@@ -349,6 +370,9 @@ func TestStateWithOriginEncode(t *testing.T) {
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(s.storageOrigin, dec.storageOrigin) {
 		t.Fatal("Unexpected storage origin data")
 	}
+	if s.rawStorageKey != dec.rawStorageKey {
+		t.Fatal("Unexpected rawStorageKey flag")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestStateSizeTracking(t *testing.T) {
@@ -375,6 +399,7 @@ func TestStateSizeTracking(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x1}: {0x10}, // 2*common.HashLength+1
 			},
 		},
+		false,
 	)
 	if a.size != uint64(expSizeA) {
 		t.Fatalf("Unexpected size, want: %d, got: %d", expSizeA, a.size)
@@ -406,6 +431,7 @@ func TestStateSizeTracking(t *testing.T) {
 				common.Hash{0x3}: nil, // 2*common.HashLength, slot deletion
 			},
 		},
+		false,
 	)
 	if b.size != uint64(expSizeB) {
 		t.Fatalf("Unexpected size, want: %d, got: %d", expSizeB, b.size)
diff --git a/triedb/states.go b/triedb/states.go
index fa432e0704..9fabdb088d 100644
--- a/triedb/states.go
+++ b/triedb/states.go
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ type StateSet struct {
 	AccountsOrigin map[common.Address][]byte                 // Original values of mutated accounts in 'slim RLP' encoding
 	Storages       map[common.Hash]map[common.Hash][]byte    // Mutated storage slots in 'prefix-zero-trimmed' RLP format
 	StoragesOrigin map[common.Address]map[common.Hash][]byte // Original values of mutated storage slots in 'prefix-zero-trimmed' RLP format
+	RawStorageKey  bool                                      // Flag whether the storage set uses the raw slot key or the hash
 }
 
 // NewStateSet initializes an empty state set.
@@ -45,5 +46,5 @@ func (set *StateSet) internal() *pathdb.StateSetWithOrigin {
 	if set == nil {
 		return nil
 	}
-	return pathdb.NewStateSetWithOrigin(set.Accounts, set.Storages, set.AccountsOrigin, set.StoragesOrigin)
+	return pathdb.NewStateSetWithOrigin(set.Accounts, set.Storages, set.AccountsOrigin, set.StoragesOrigin, set.RawStorageKey)
 }