* change gas cost for contract creating txs
* invalidate signature with s value greater than secp256k1 N / 2
* OOG contract creation if not enough gas to store code
* new difficulty adjustment algorithm
* new DELEGATECALL op code
This removes the burden on a single object to take care of all
validation and state processing. Now instead the validation is done by
the `core.BlockValidator` (`types.Validator`) that takes care of both
header and uncle validation through the `ValidateBlock` method and state
validation through the `ValidateState` method. The state processing is
done by a new object `core.StateProcessor` (`types.Processor`) and
accepts a new state as input and uses that to process the given block's
transactions (and uncles for rewords) to calculate the state root for
the next block (P_n + 1).
Added a `Difference` method to `types.Transactions` which sets the
receiver to the difference of a to b (NOTE: not a **and** b).
Transaction pool subscribes to RemovedTransactionEvent adding back to
those potential missing from the chain.
When a chain re-org occurs remove any transactions that were removed
from the canonical chain during the re-org as well as the receipts that
were generated in the process.
Closes#1746
* Miners do now verify their own header, not their state.
* Changed old putTx and putReceipts to be exported
* Moved writing of transactions and receipts out of the block processer
in to the chain manager. Closes#1386
* Miner post ChainHeadEvent & ChainEvent. Closes#1388
Péter Szilágyi
Gustav Simonsson
Jeffrey Wilcke
Felix Lange