//
// Package hamming distance calculations in Go
//
// https://github.com/steakknife/hamming
//
// Copyright © 2014, 2015, 2016, 2018 Barry Allard
//
// MIT license
//
package hamming

import "strconv"

// References: check out Hacker's Delight, about p. 70

func table() [256]uint8 {
	return [256]uint8{
		0, 1, 1, 2, 1, 2, 2, 3, 1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4,
		1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
		1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
		2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
		1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
		2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
		2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
		3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
		1, 2, 2, 3, 2, 3, 3, 4, 2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5,
		2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
		2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
		3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
		2, 3, 3, 4, 3, 4, 4, 5, 3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6,
		3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
		3, 4, 4, 5, 4, 5, 5, 6, 4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7,
		4, 5, 5, 6, 5, 6, 6, 7, 5, 6, 6, 7, 6, 7, 7, 8,
	}
}

// CountBitsByteAlt table-less, branch-free implementation
func CountBitsByteAlt(x byte) int {
	x = (x & 0x55) + ((x >> 1) & 0x55)
	x = (x & 0x33) + ((x >> 2) & 0x33)
	return int((x & 0x0f) + ((x >> 4) & 0x0f))
}

// CountBitsInt8 count 1's in x
func CountBitsInt8(x int8) int { return CountBitsByte(byte(x)) }

// CountBitsInt16 count 1's in x
func CountBitsInt16(x int16) int { return CountBitsUint16(uint16(x)) }

// CountBitsInt32 count 1's in x
func CountBitsInt32(x int32) int { return CountBitsUint32(uint32(x)) }

// CountBitsInt64 count 1's in x
func CountBitsInt64(x int64) int { return CountBitsUint64(uint64(x)) }

// CountBitsInt count 1's in x
func CountBitsInt(x int) int { return CountBitsUint(uint(x)) }

// CountBitsByte count 1's in x
func CountBitsByte(x byte) int { return CountBitsUint8(x) }

// CountBitsRune count 1's in x
func CountBitsRune(x rune) int { return CountBitsInt32(x) }

// CountBitsUint8 count 1's in x
func CountBitsUint8(x uint8) int { return int(table()[x]) }

// CountBitsUint16 count 1's in x
func CountBitsUint16(x uint16) int {
	return int(table()[x&0xFF] + table()[(x>>8)&0xFF])
}

const (
	m1d uint32 = 0x55555555
	m2d        = 0x33333333
	m4d        = 0x0f0f0f0f
)

// CountBitsUint32 count 1's in x
func CountBitsUint32(x uint32) int {
	x -= ((x >> 1) & m1d)
	x = (x & m2d) + ((x >> 2) & m2d)
	x = (x + (x >> 4)) & m4d
	x += x >> 8
	x += x >> 16
	return int(x & 0x3f)
}

const (
	m1q uint64 = 0x5555555555555555
	m2q        = 0x3333333333333333
	m4q        = 0x0f0f0f0f0f0f0f0f
	hq         = 0x0101010101010101
)

// CountBitsUint64 count 1's in x
func CountBitsUint64(x uint64) int {
	// put count of each 2 bits into those 2 bits
	x -= (x >> 1) & m1q

	// put count of each 4 bits into those 4 bits
	x = (x & m2q) + ((x >> 2) & m2q)

	// put count of each 8 bits into those 8 bits
	x = (x + (x >> 4)) & m4q

	// returns left 8 bits of x + (x<<8) + (x<<16) + (x<<24) + ...
	return int((x * hq) >> 56)
}

// CountBitsUint64Alt count 1's in x
func CountBitsUint64Alt(x uint64) int {
	return CountBitsUint32(uint32(x>>32)) + CountBitsUint32(uint32(x))
}

// CountBitsUintReference count 1's in x
func CountBitsUintReference(x uint) int {
	c := 0
	for x != 0 {
		x &= x - 1
		c++
	}
	return c
}

// CountBitsUint count 1's in x
func CountBitsUint(x uint) int {
	if strconv.IntSize == 64 {
		return CountBitsUint64(uint64(x))
	} else if strconv.IntSize == 32 {
		return CountBitsUint32(uint32(x))
	}
	panic("strconv.IntSize must be 32 or 64 bits")
}