// Copyright 2021 The go-ethereum Authors // This file is part of the go-ethereum library. // // The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify // it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by // the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or // (at your option) any later version. // // The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the // GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. // // You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License // along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see . // This file contains a miner stress test for the eth1/2 transition package main import ( "crypto/ecdsa" "errors" "math/big" "math/rand" "os" "path/filepath" "time" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/keystore" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/beacon/engine" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/fdlimit" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/ethash" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/txpool" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth" ethcatalyst "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/catalyst" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/downloader" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/ethconfig" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/les" lescatalyst "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/les/catalyst" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/miner" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/node" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/p2p/enode" "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params" ) type nodetype int const ( legacyMiningNode nodetype = iota legacyNormalNode eth2MiningNode eth2NormalNode eth2LightClient ) func (typ nodetype) String() string { switch typ { case legacyMiningNode: return "legacyMiningNode" case legacyNormalNode: return "legacyNormalNode" case eth2MiningNode: return "eth2MiningNode" case eth2NormalNode: return "eth2NormalNode" case eth2LightClient: return "eth2LightClient" default: return "undefined" } } var ( // transitionDifficulty is the target total difficulty for transition transitionDifficulty = new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(20), params.MinimumDifficulty) // blockInterval is the time interval for creating a new eth2 block blockIntervalInt = 3 blockInterval = time.Second * time.Duration(blockIntervalInt) // finalizationDist is the block distance for finalizing block finalizationDist = 10 ) type ethNode struct { typ nodetype stack *node.Node enode *enode.Node api *ethcatalyst.ConsensusAPI ethBackend *eth.Ethereum lapi *lescatalyst.ConsensusAPI lesBackend *les.LightEthereum } func newNode(typ nodetype, genesis *core.Genesis, enodes []*enode.Node) *ethNode { var ( err error api *ethcatalyst.ConsensusAPI lapi *lescatalyst.ConsensusAPI stack *node.Node ethBackend *eth.Ethereum lesBackend *les.LightEthereum ) // Start the node and wait until it's up if typ == eth2LightClient { stack, lesBackend, lapi, err = makeLightNode(genesis) } else { stack, ethBackend, api, err = makeFullNode(genesis) } if err != nil { panic(err) } for stack.Server().NodeInfo().Ports.Listener == 0 { time.Sleep(250 * time.Millisecond) } // Connect the node to all the previous ones for _, n := range enodes { stack.Server().AddPeer(n) } enode := stack.Server().Self() // Inject the signer key and start sealing with it stack.AccountManager().AddBackend(keystore.NewPlaintextKeyStore("beacon-stress")) ks := stack.AccountManager().Backends(keystore.KeyStoreType) if len(ks) == 0 { panic("Keystore is not available") } store := ks[0].(*keystore.KeyStore) if _, err := store.NewAccount(""); err != nil { panic(err) } return ðNode{ typ: typ, api: api, ethBackend: ethBackend, lapi: lapi, lesBackend: lesBackend, stack: stack, enode: enode, } } func (n *ethNode) assembleBlock(parentHash common.Hash, parentTimestamp uint64) (*engine.ExecutableData, error) { if n.typ != eth2MiningNode { return nil, errors.New("invalid node type") } timestamp := uint64(time.Now().Unix()) if timestamp <= parentTimestamp { timestamp = parentTimestamp + 1 } payloadAttribute := engine.PayloadAttributes{ Timestamp: timestamp, Random: common.Hash{}, SuggestedFeeRecipient: common.HexToAddress("0xdeadbeef"), } fcState := engine.ForkchoiceStateV1{ HeadBlockHash: parentHash, SafeBlockHash: common.Hash{}, FinalizedBlockHash: common.Hash{}, } payload, err := n.api.ForkchoiceUpdatedV1(fcState, &payloadAttribute) if err != nil { return nil, err } time.Sleep(time.Second * 5) // give enough time for block creation return n.api.GetPayloadV1(*payload.PayloadID) } func (n *ethNode) insertBlock(eb engine.ExecutableData) error { if !eth2types(n.typ) { return errors.New("invalid node type") } switch n.typ { case eth2NormalNode, eth2MiningNode: newResp, err := n.api.NewPayloadV1(eb) if err != nil { return err } else if newResp.Status != "VALID" { return errors.New("failed to insert block") } return nil case eth2LightClient: newResp, err := n.lapi.ExecutePayloadV1(eb) if err != nil { return err } else if newResp.Status != "VALID" { return errors.New("failed to insert block") } return nil default: return errors.New("undefined node") } } func (n *ethNode) insertBlockAndSetHead(parent *types.Header, ed engine.ExecutableData) error { if !eth2types(n.typ) { return errors.New("invalid node type") } if err := n.insertBlock(ed); err != nil { return err } block, err := engine.ExecutableDataToBlock(ed) if err != nil { return err } fcState := engine.ForkchoiceStateV1{ HeadBlockHash: block.ParentHash(), SafeBlockHash: common.Hash{}, FinalizedBlockHash: common.Hash{}, } switch n.typ { case eth2NormalNode, eth2MiningNode: if _, err := n.api.ForkchoiceUpdatedV1(fcState, nil); err != nil { return err } return nil case eth2LightClient: if _, err := n.lapi.ForkchoiceUpdatedV1(fcState, nil); err != nil { return err } return nil default: return errors.New("undefined node") } } type nodeManager struct { genesis *core.Genesis genesisBlock *types.Block nodes []*ethNode enodes []*enode.Node close chan struct{} } func newNodeManager(genesis *core.Genesis) *nodeManager { return &nodeManager{ close: make(chan struct{}), genesis: genesis, genesisBlock: genesis.ToBlock(), } } func (mgr *nodeManager) createNode(typ nodetype) { node := newNode(typ, mgr.genesis, mgr.enodes) mgr.nodes = append(mgr.nodes, node) mgr.enodes = append(mgr.enodes, node.enode) } func (mgr *nodeManager) getNodes(typ nodetype) []*ethNode { var ret []*ethNode for _, node := range mgr.nodes { if node.typ == typ { ret = append(ret, node) } } return ret } func (mgr *nodeManager) startMining() { for _, node := range append(mgr.getNodes(eth2MiningNode), mgr.getNodes(legacyMiningNode)...) { if err := node.ethBackend.StartMining(1); err != nil { panic(err) } } } func (mgr *nodeManager) shutdown() { close(mgr.close) for _, node := range mgr.nodes { node.stack.Close() } } func (mgr *nodeManager) run() { if len(mgr.nodes) == 0 { return } chain := mgr.nodes[0].ethBackend.BlockChain() sink := make(chan core.ChainHeadEvent, 1024) sub := chain.SubscribeChainHeadEvent(sink) defer sub.Unsubscribe() var ( transitioned bool parentBlock *types.Block waitFinalise []*types.Block ) timer := time.NewTimer(0) defer timer.Stop() <-timer.C // discard the initial tick // Handle the by default transition. if transitionDifficulty.Sign() == 0 { transitioned = true parentBlock = mgr.genesisBlock timer.Reset(blockInterval) log.Info("Enable the transition by default") } // Handle the block finalization. checkFinalise := func() { if parentBlock == nil { return } if len(waitFinalise) == 0 { return } oldest := waitFinalise[0] if oldest.NumberU64() > parentBlock.NumberU64() { return } distance := parentBlock.NumberU64() - oldest.NumberU64() if int(distance) < finalizationDist { return } nodes := mgr.getNodes(eth2MiningNode) nodes = append(nodes, mgr.getNodes(eth2NormalNode)...) //nodes = append(nodes, mgr.getNodes(eth2LightClient)...) for _, node := range nodes { fcState := engine.ForkchoiceStateV1{ HeadBlockHash: parentBlock.Hash(), SafeBlockHash: oldest.Hash(), FinalizedBlockHash: oldest.Hash(), } node.api.ForkchoiceUpdatedV1(fcState, nil) } log.Info("Finalised eth2 block", "number", oldest.NumberU64(), "hash", oldest.Hash()) waitFinalise = waitFinalise[1:] } for { checkFinalise() select { case <-mgr.close: return case ev := <-sink: if transitioned { continue } td := chain.GetTd(ev.Block.Hash(), ev.Block.NumberU64()) if td.Cmp(transitionDifficulty) < 0 { continue } transitioned, parentBlock = true, ev.Block timer.Reset(blockInterval) log.Info("Transition difficulty reached", "td", td, "target", transitionDifficulty, "number", ev.Block.NumberU64(), "hash", ev.Block.Hash()) case <-timer.C: producers := mgr.getNodes(eth2MiningNode) if len(producers) == 0 { continue } hash, timestamp := parentBlock.Hash(), parentBlock.Time() if parentBlock.NumberU64() == 0 { timestamp = uint64(time.Now().Unix()) - uint64(blockIntervalInt) } ed, err := producers[0].assembleBlock(hash, timestamp) if err != nil { log.Error("Failed to assemble the block", "err", err) continue } block, _ := engine.ExecutableDataToBlock(*ed) nodes := mgr.getNodes(eth2MiningNode) nodes = append(nodes, mgr.getNodes(eth2NormalNode)...) nodes = append(nodes, mgr.getNodes(eth2LightClient)...) for _, node := range nodes { if err := node.insertBlockAndSetHead(parentBlock.Header(), *ed); err != nil { log.Error("Failed to insert block", "type", node.typ, "err", err) } } log.Info("Create and insert eth2 block", "number", ed.Number) parentBlock = block waitFinalise = append(waitFinalise, block) timer.Reset(blockInterval) } } } func main() { log.Root().SetHandler(log.LvlFilterHandler(log.LvlInfo, log.StreamHandler(os.Stderr, log.TerminalFormat(true)))) fdlimit.Raise(2048) // Generate a batch of accounts to seal and fund with faucets := make([]*ecdsa.PrivateKey, 16) for i := 0; i < len(faucets); i++ { faucets[i], _ = crypto.GenerateKey() } // Pre-generate the ethash mining DAG so we don't race ethash.MakeDataset(1, filepath.Join(os.Getenv("HOME"), ".ethash")) // Create an Ethash network genesis := makeGenesis(faucets) manager := newNodeManager(genesis) defer manager.shutdown() manager.createNode(eth2NormalNode) manager.createNode(eth2MiningNode) manager.createNode(legacyMiningNode) manager.createNode(legacyNormalNode) manager.createNode(eth2LightClient) // Iterate over all the nodes and start mining time.Sleep(3 * time.Second) if transitionDifficulty.Sign() != 0 { manager.startMining() } go manager.run() // Start injecting transactions from the faucets like crazy time.Sleep(3 * time.Second) nonces := make([]uint64, len(faucets)) for { // Pick a random mining node nodes := manager.getNodes(eth2MiningNode) index := rand.Intn(len(faucets)) node := nodes[index%len(nodes)] // Create a self transaction and inject into the pool tx, err := types.SignTx(types.NewTransaction(nonces[index], crypto.PubkeyToAddress(faucets[index].PublicKey), new(big.Int), 21000, big.NewInt(10_000_000_000+rand.Int63n(6_553_600_000)), nil), types.HomesteadSigner{}, faucets[index]) if err != nil { panic(err) } if err := node.ethBackend.TxPool().AddLocal(tx); err != nil { panic(err) } nonces[index]++ // Wait if we're too saturated if pend, _ := node.ethBackend.TxPool().Stats(); pend > 2048 { time.Sleep(100 * time.Millisecond) } } } // makeGenesis creates a custom Ethash genesis block based on some pre-defined // faucet accounts. func makeGenesis(faucets []*ecdsa.PrivateKey) *core.Genesis { genesis := core.DefaultGenesisBlock() genesis.Difficulty = params.MinimumDifficulty genesis.GasLimit = 25000000 genesis.BaseFee = big.NewInt(params.InitialBaseFee) genesis.Config = params.AllEthashProtocolChanges genesis.Config.TerminalTotalDifficulty = transitionDifficulty genesis.Alloc = core.GenesisAlloc{} for _, faucet := range faucets { genesis.Alloc[crypto.PubkeyToAddress(faucet.PublicKey)] = core.GenesisAccount{ Balance: new(big.Int).Exp(big.NewInt(2), big.NewInt(128), nil), } } return genesis } func makeFullNode(genesis *core.Genesis) (*node.Node, *eth.Ethereum, *ethcatalyst.ConsensusAPI, error) { // Define the basic configurations for the Ethereum node datadir, _ := os.MkdirTemp("", "") config := &node.Config{ Name: "geth", Version: params.Version, DataDir: datadir, P2P: p2p.Config{ ListenAddr: "0.0.0.0:0", NoDiscovery: true, MaxPeers: 25, }, UseLightweightKDF: true, } // Create the node and configure a full Ethereum node on it stack, err := node.New(config) if err != nil { return nil, nil, nil, err } econfig := ðconfig.Config{ Genesis: genesis, NetworkId: genesis.Config.ChainID.Uint64(), SyncMode: downloader.FullSync, DatabaseCache: 256, DatabaseHandles: 256, TxPool: txpool.DefaultConfig, GPO: ethconfig.Defaults.GPO, Ethash: ethconfig.Defaults.Ethash, Miner: miner.Config{ GasFloor: genesis.GasLimit * 9 / 10, GasCeil: genesis.GasLimit * 11 / 10, GasPrice: big.NewInt(1), Recommit: 1 * time.Second, }, LightServ: 100, LightPeers: 10, LightNoSyncServe: true, } ethBackend, err := eth.New(stack, econfig) if err != nil { return nil, nil, nil, err } _, err = les.NewLesServer(stack, ethBackend, econfig) if err != nil { log.Crit("Failed to create the LES server", "err", err) } err = stack.Start() return stack, ethBackend, ethcatalyst.NewConsensusAPI(ethBackend), err } func makeLightNode(genesis *core.Genesis) (*node.Node, *les.LightEthereum, *lescatalyst.ConsensusAPI, error) { // Define the basic configurations for the Ethereum node datadir, _ := os.MkdirTemp("", "") config := &node.Config{ Name: "geth", Version: params.Version, DataDir: datadir, P2P: p2p.Config{ ListenAddr: "0.0.0.0:0", NoDiscovery: true, MaxPeers: 25, }, UseLightweightKDF: true, } // Create the node and configure a full Ethereum node on it stack, err := node.New(config) if err != nil { return nil, nil, nil, err } lesBackend, err := les.New(stack, ðconfig.Config{ Genesis: genesis, NetworkId: genesis.Config.ChainID.Uint64(), SyncMode: downloader.LightSync, DatabaseCache: 256, DatabaseHandles: 256, TxPool: txpool.DefaultConfig, GPO: ethconfig.Defaults.GPO, Ethash: ethconfig.Defaults.Ethash, LightPeers: 10, }) if err != nil { return nil, nil, nil, err } err = stack.Start() return stack, lesBackend, lescatalyst.NewConsensusAPI(lesBackend), err } func eth2types(typ nodetype) bool { if typ == eth2LightClient || typ == eth2NormalNode || typ == eth2MiningNode { return true } return false }