Official Go implementation of the Ethereum protocol
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go-ethereum/core/vm/runtime/runtime_test.go

987 lines
32 KiB

// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package runtime
import (
"encoding/binary"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"os"
"strconv"
"strings"
"testing"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts/abi"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/asm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/tracers"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/tracers/logger"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
// force-load js tracers to trigger registration
_ "github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/tracers/js"
)
func TestDefaults(t *testing.T) {
cfg := new(Config)
setDefaults(cfg)
if cfg.Difficulty == nil {
t.Error("expected difficulty to be non nil")
}
if cfg.GasLimit == 0 {
t.Error("didn't expect gaslimit to be zero")
}
if cfg.GasPrice == nil {
t.Error("expected time to be non nil")
}
if cfg.Value == nil {
t.Error("expected time to be non nil")
}
if cfg.GetHashFn == nil {
t.Error("expected time to be non nil")
}
if cfg.BlockNumber == nil {
t.Error("expected block number to be non nil")
}
}
func TestEVM(t *testing.T) {
defer func() {
if r := recover(); r != nil {
t.Fatalf("crashed with: %v", r)
}
}()
Execute([]byte{
byte(vm.DIFFICULTY),
byte(vm.TIMESTAMP),
byte(vm.GASLIMIT),
byte(vm.PUSH1),
byte(vm.ORIGIN),
byte(vm.BLOCKHASH),
byte(vm.COINBASE),
}, nil, nil)
}
func TestExecute(t *testing.T) {
ret, _, err := Execute([]byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 10,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.MSTORE),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 32,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.RETURN),
}, nil, nil)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("didn't expect error", err)
}
num := new(big.Int).SetBytes(ret)
if num.Cmp(big.NewInt(10)) != 0 {
t.Error("Expected 10, got", num)
}
}
func TestCall(t *testing.T) {
state, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
address := common.HexToAddress("0xaa")
state.SetCode(address, []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 10,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.MSTORE),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 32,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.RETURN),
})
ret, _, err := Call(address, nil, &Config{State: state})
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("didn't expect error", err)
}
num := new(big.Int).SetBytes(ret)
if num.Cmp(big.NewInt(10)) != 0 {
t.Error("Expected 10, got", num)
}
}
func BenchmarkCall(b *testing.B) {
var definition = `[{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"seller","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"abort","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"value","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint256"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"refund","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"buyer","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"address"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"confirmReceived","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"constant":true,"inputs":[],"name":"state","outputs":[{"name":"","type":"uint8"}],"type":"function"},{"constant":false,"inputs":[],"name":"confirmPurchase","outputs":[],"type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[],"name":"Aborted","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[],"name":"PurchaseConfirmed","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[],"name":"ItemReceived","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[],"name":"Refunded","type":"event"}]`
var code = common.Hex2Bytes("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")
abi, err := abi.JSON(strings.NewReader(definition))
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
cpurchase, err := abi.Pack("confirmPurchase")
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
creceived, err := abi.Pack("confirmReceived")
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
refund, err := abi.Pack("refund")
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
b.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
for j := 0; j < 400; j++ {
Execute(code, cpurchase, nil)
Execute(code, creceived, nil)
Execute(code, refund, nil)
}
}
}
func benchmarkEVM_Create(bench *testing.B, code string) {
var (
statedb, _ = state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
sender = common.BytesToAddress([]byte("sender"))
receiver = common.BytesToAddress([]byte("receiver"))
)
statedb.CreateAccount(sender)
statedb.SetCode(receiver, common.FromHex(code))
runtimeConfig := Config{
Origin: sender,
State: statedb,
GasLimit: 10000000,
Difficulty: big.NewInt(0x200000),
Time: 0,
Coinbase: common.Address{},
BlockNumber: new(big.Int).SetUint64(1),
ChainConfig: &params.ChainConfig{
ChainID: big.NewInt(1),
HomesteadBlock: new(big.Int),
ByzantiumBlock: new(big.Int),
ConstantinopleBlock: new(big.Int),
DAOForkBlock: new(big.Int),
DAOForkSupport: false,
EIP150Block: new(big.Int),
EIP155Block: new(big.Int),
EIP158Block: new(big.Int),
},
EVMConfig: vm.Config{},
}
// Warm up the intpools and stuff
bench.ResetTimer()
for i := 0; i < bench.N; i++ {
Call(receiver, []byte{}, &runtimeConfig)
}
bench.StopTimer()
}
func BenchmarkEVM_CREATE_500(bench *testing.B) {
// initcode size 500K, repeatedly calls CREATE and then modifies the mem contents
benchmarkEVM_Create(bench, "5b6207a120600080f0600152600056")
}
func BenchmarkEVM_CREATE2_500(bench *testing.B) {
// initcode size 500K, repeatedly calls CREATE2 and then modifies the mem contents
benchmarkEVM_Create(bench, "5b586207a120600080f5600152600056")
}
func BenchmarkEVM_CREATE_1200(bench *testing.B) {
// initcode size 1200K, repeatedly calls CREATE and then modifies the mem contents
benchmarkEVM_Create(bench, "5b62124f80600080f0600152600056")
}
func BenchmarkEVM_CREATE2_1200(bench *testing.B) {
// initcode size 1200K, repeatedly calls CREATE2 and then modifies the mem contents
benchmarkEVM_Create(bench, "5b5862124f80600080f5600152600056")
}
func BenchmarkEVM_SWAP1(b *testing.B) {
// returns a contract that does n swaps (SWAP1)
swapContract := func(n uint64) []byte {
contract := []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH0), // PUSH0
byte(vm.PUSH0), // PUSH0
}
for i := uint64(0); i < n; i++ {
contract = append(contract, byte(vm.SWAP1))
}
return contract
}
state, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
contractAddr := common.BytesToAddress([]byte("contract"))
b.Run("10k", func(b *testing.B) {
contractCode := swapContract(10_000)
state.SetCode(contractAddr, contractCode)
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
_, _, err := Call(contractAddr, []byte{}, &Config{State: state})
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
}
})
}
func BenchmarkEVM_RETURN(b *testing.B) {
// returns a contract that returns a zero-byte slice of len size
returnContract := func(size uint64) []byte {
contract := []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH8), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // PUSH8 0xXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
byte(vm.PUSH0), // PUSH0
byte(vm.RETURN), // RETURN
}
binary.BigEndian.PutUint64(contract[1:], size)
return contract
}
state, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
contractAddr := common.BytesToAddress([]byte("contract"))
for _, n := range []uint64{1_000, 10_000, 100_000, 1_000_000} {
b.Run(strconv.FormatUint(n, 10), func(b *testing.B) {
b.ReportAllocs()
contractCode := returnContract(n)
state.SetCode(contractAddr, contractCode)
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
ret, _, err := Call(contractAddr, []byte{}, &Config{State: state})
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
if uint64(len(ret)) != n {
b.Fatalf("expected return size %d, got %d", n, len(ret))
}
}
})
}
}
func fakeHeader(n uint64, parentHash common.Hash) *types.Header {
header := types.Header{
Coinbase: common.HexToAddress("0x00000000000000000000000000000000deadbeef"),
Number: big.NewInt(int64(n)),
ParentHash: parentHash,
Time: 1000,
Nonce: types.BlockNonce{0x1},
Extra: []byte{},
Difficulty: big.NewInt(0),
GasLimit: 100000,
}
return &header
}
type dummyChain struct {
counter int
}
// Engine retrieves the chain's consensus engine.
func (d *dummyChain) Engine() consensus.Engine {
return nil
}
// GetHeader returns the hash corresponding to their hash.
func (d *dummyChain) GetHeader(h common.Hash, n uint64) *types.Header {
d.counter++
parentHash := common.Hash{}
s := common.LeftPadBytes(big.NewInt(int64(n-1)).Bytes(), 32)
copy(parentHash[:], s)
//parentHash := common.Hash{byte(n - 1)}
//fmt.Printf("GetHeader(%x, %d) => header with parent %x\n", h, n, parentHash)
return fakeHeader(n, parentHash)
}
// TestBlockhash tests the blockhash operation. It's a bit special, since it internally
// requires access to a chain reader.
func TestBlockhash(t *testing.T) {
// Current head
n := uint64(1000)
parentHash := common.Hash{}
s := common.LeftPadBytes(big.NewInt(int64(n-1)).Bytes(), 32)
copy(parentHash[:], s)
header := fakeHeader(n, parentHash)
// This is the contract we're using. It requests the blockhash for current num (should be all zeroes),
// then iteratively fetches all blockhashes back to n-260.
// It returns
// 1. the first (should be zero)
// 2. the second (should be the parent hash)
// 3. the last non-zero hash
// By making the chain reader return hashes which correlate to the number, we can
// verify that it obtained the right hashes where it should
/*
pragma solidity ^0.5.3;
contract Hasher{
function test() public view returns (bytes32, bytes32, bytes32){
uint256 x = block.number;
bytes32 first;
bytes32 last;
bytes32 zero;
zero = blockhash(x); // Should be zeroes
first = blockhash(x-1);
for(uint256 i = 2 ; i < 260; i++){
bytes32 hash = blockhash(x - i);
if (uint256(hash) != 0){
last = hash;
}
}
return (zero, first, last);
}
}
*/
// The contract above
data := common.Hex2Bytes("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")
// The method call to 'test()'
input := common.Hex2Bytes("f8a8fd6d")
chain := &dummyChain{}
ret, _, err := Execute(data, input, &Config{
GetHashFn: core.GetHashFn(header, chain),
BlockNumber: new(big.Int).Set(header.Number),
})
if err != nil {
t.Fatalf("expected no error, got %v", err)
}
if len(ret) != 96 {
t.Fatalf("expected returndata to be 96 bytes, got %d", len(ret))
}
zero := new(big.Int).SetBytes(ret[0:32])
first := new(big.Int).SetBytes(ret[32:64])
last := new(big.Int).SetBytes(ret[64:96])
if zero.BitLen() != 0 {
t.Fatalf("expected zeroes, got %x", ret[0:32])
}
if first.Uint64() != 999 {
t.Fatalf("second block should be 999, got %d (%x)", first, ret[32:64])
}
if last.Uint64() != 744 {
t.Fatalf("last block should be 744, got %d (%x)", last, ret[64:96])
}
if exp, got := 255, chain.counter; exp != got {
t.Errorf("suboptimal; too much chain iteration, expected %d, got %d", exp, got)
}
}
// benchmarkNonModifyingCode benchmarks code, but if the code modifies the
// state, this should not be used, since it does not reset the state between runs.
func benchmarkNonModifyingCode(gas uint64, code []byte, name string, tracerCode string, b *testing.B) {
cfg := new(Config)
setDefaults(cfg)
cfg.State, _ = state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
cfg.GasLimit = gas
if len(tracerCode) > 0 {
tracer, err := tracers.DefaultDirectory.New(tracerCode, new(tracers.Context), nil, cfg.ChainConfig)
if err != nil {
b.Fatal(err)
}
cfg.EVMConfig = vm.Config{
Tracer: tracer.Hooks,
}
}
destination := common.BytesToAddress([]byte("contract"))
cfg.State.CreateAccount(destination)
eoa := common.HexToAddress("E0")
{
cfg.State.CreateAccount(eoa)
cfg.State.SetNonce(eoa, 100)
}
reverting := common.HexToAddress("EE")
{
cfg.State.CreateAccount(reverting)
cfg.State.SetCode(reverting, []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00,
byte(vm.REVERT),
})
}
//cfg.State.CreateAccount(cfg.Origin)
// set the receiver's (the executing contract) code for execution.
cfg.State.SetCode(destination, code)
Call(destination, nil, cfg)
b.Run(name, func(b *testing.B) {
b.ReportAllocs()
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
Call(destination, nil, cfg)
}
})
}
// BenchmarkSimpleLoop test a pretty simple loop which loops until OOG
// 55 ms
func BenchmarkSimpleLoop(b *testing.B) {
staticCallIdentity := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST), // [ count ]
// push args for the call
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // out size
byte(vm.DUP1), // out offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // out insize
byte(vm.DUP1), // in offset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x4, // address of identity
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.STATICCALL),
byte(vm.POP), // pop return value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
callIdentity := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST), // [ count ]
// push args for the call
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // out size
byte(vm.DUP1), // out offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // out insize
byte(vm.DUP1), // in offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x4, // address of identity
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.CALL),
byte(vm.POP), // pop return value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
callInexistant := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST), // [ count ]
// push args for the call
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // out size
byte(vm.DUP1), // out offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // out insize
byte(vm.DUP1), // in offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, // address of existing contract
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.CALL),
byte(vm.POP), // pop return value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
callEOA := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST), // [ count ]
// push args for the call
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // out size
byte(vm.DUP1), // out offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // out insize
byte(vm.DUP1), // in offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xE0, // address of EOA
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.CALL),
byte(vm.POP), // pop return value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
loopingCode := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST), // [ count ]
// push args for the call
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // out size
byte(vm.DUP1), // out offset
byte(vm.DUP1), // out insize
byte(vm.DUP1), // in offset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x4, // address of identity
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.POP), byte(vm.POP), byte(vm.POP), byte(vm.POP), byte(vm.POP), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
loopingCode2 := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST), // [ count ]
// push args for the call
byte(vm.PUSH4), 1, 2, 3, 4,
byte(vm.PUSH5), 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,
byte(vm.POP), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH6), 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
callRevertingContractWithInput := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST), //
// push args for the call
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // out size
byte(vm.DUP1), // out offset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x20, // in size
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, // in offset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, // value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xEE, // address of reverting contract
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.CALL),
byte(vm.POP), // pop return value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
//tracer := logger.NewJSONLogger(nil, os.Stdout)
//Execute(loopingCode, nil, &Config{
// EVMConfig: vm.Config{
// Debug: true,
// Tracer: tracer,
// }})
// 100M gas
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(100000000, staticCallIdentity, "staticcall-identity-100M", "", b)
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(100000000, callIdentity, "call-identity-100M", "", b)
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(100000000, loopingCode, "loop-100M", "", b)
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(100000000, loopingCode2, "loop2-100M", "", b)
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(100000000, callInexistant, "call-nonexist-100M", "", b)
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(100000000, callEOA, "call-EOA-100M", "", b)
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(100000000, callRevertingContractWithInput, "call-reverting-100M", "", b)
//benchmarkNonModifyingCode(10000000, staticCallIdentity, "staticcall-identity-10M", b)
//benchmarkNonModifyingCode(10000000, loopingCode, "loop-10M", b)
}
// TestEip2929Cases contains various testcases that are used for
// EIP-2929 about gas repricings
func TestEip2929Cases(t *testing.T) {
t.Skip("Test only useful for generating documentation")
id := 1
prettyPrint := func(comment string, code []byte) {
instrs := make([]string, 0)
it := asm.NewInstructionIterator(code)
for it.Next() {
if it.Arg() != nil && 0 < len(it.Arg()) {
instrs = append(instrs, fmt.Sprintf("%v %#x", it.Op(), it.Arg()))
} else {
instrs = append(instrs, fmt.Sprintf("%v", it.Op()))
}
}
ops := strings.Join(instrs, ", ")
fmt.Printf("### Case %d\n\n", id)
id++
fmt.Printf("%v\n\nBytecode: \n```\n%#x\n```\nOperations: \n```\n%v\n```\n\n",
comment,
code, ops)
Execute(code, nil, &Config{
EVMConfig: vm.Config{
Tracer: logger.NewMarkdownLogger(nil, os.Stdout).Hooks(),
ExtraEips: []int{2929},
},
})
}
{ // First eip testcase
code := []byte{
// Three checks against a precompile
byte(vm.PUSH1), 1, byte(vm.EXTCODEHASH), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 2, byte(vm.EXTCODESIZE), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 3, byte(vm.BALANCE), byte(vm.POP),
// Three checks against a non-precompile
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xf1, byte(vm.EXTCODEHASH), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xf2, byte(vm.EXTCODESIZE), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xf3, byte(vm.BALANCE), byte(vm.POP),
// Same three checks (should be cheaper)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xf2, byte(vm.EXTCODEHASH), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xf3, byte(vm.EXTCODESIZE), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xf1, byte(vm.BALANCE), byte(vm.POP),
// Check the origin, and the 'this'
byte(vm.ORIGIN), byte(vm.BALANCE), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.ADDRESS), byte(vm.BALANCE), byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.STOP),
}
prettyPrint("This checks `EXT`(codehash,codesize,balance) of precompiles, which should be `100`, "+
"and later checks the same operations twice against some non-precompiles. "+
"Those are cheaper second time they are accessed. Lastly, it checks the `BALANCE` of `origin` and `this`.", code)
}
{ // EXTCODECOPY
code := []byte{
// extcodecopy( 0xff,0,0,0,0)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, //length, codeoffset, memoffset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.EXTCODECOPY),
// extcodecopy( 0xff,0,0,0,0)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, //length, codeoffset, memoffset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.EXTCODECOPY),
// extcodecopy( this,0,0,0,0)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x00, //length, codeoffset, memoffset
byte(vm.ADDRESS), byte(vm.EXTCODECOPY),
byte(vm.STOP),
}
prettyPrint("This checks `extcodecopy( 0xff,0,0,0,0)` twice, (should be expensive first time), "+
"and then does `extcodecopy( this,0,0,0,0)`.", code)
}
{ // SLOAD + SSTORE
code := []byte{
// Add slot `0x1` to access list
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x01, byte(vm.SLOAD), byte(vm.POP), // SLOAD( 0x1) (add to access list)
// Write to `0x1` which is already in access list
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x11, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x01, byte(vm.SSTORE), // SSTORE( loc: 0x01, val: 0x11)
// Write to `0x2` which is not in access list
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x11, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x02, byte(vm.SSTORE), // SSTORE( loc: 0x02, val: 0x11)
// Write again to `0x2`
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x11, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x02, byte(vm.SSTORE), // SSTORE( loc: 0x02, val: 0x11)
// Read slot in access list (0x2)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x02, byte(vm.SLOAD), // SLOAD( 0x2)
// Read slot in access list (0x1)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x01, byte(vm.SLOAD), // SLOAD( 0x1)
}
prettyPrint("This checks `sload( 0x1)` followed by `sstore(loc: 0x01, val:0x11)`, then 'naked' sstore:"+
"`sstore(loc: 0x02, val:0x11)` twice, and `sload(0x2)`, `sload(0x1)`. ", code)
}
{ // Call variants
code := []byte{
// identity precompile
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x04, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, byte(vm.CALL), byte(vm.POP),
// random account - call 1
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, byte(vm.CALL), byte(vm.POP),
// random account - call 2
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0, byte(vm.STATICCALL), byte(vm.POP),
}
prettyPrint("This calls the `identity`-precompile (cheap), then calls an account (expensive) and `staticcall`s the same"+
"account (cheap)", code)
}
}
// TestColdAccountAccessCost test that the cold account access cost is reported
// correctly
// see: https://github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/issues/22649
func TestColdAccountAccessCost(t *testing.T) {
for i, tc := range []struct {
code []byte
step int
want uint64
}{
{ // EXTCODEHASH(0xff)
code: []byte{byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xFF, byte(vm.EXTCODEHASH), byte(vm.POP)},
step: 1,
want: 2600,
},
{ // BALANCE(0xff)
code: []byte{byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xFF, byte(vm.BALANCE), byte(vm.POP)},
step: 1,
want: 2600,
},
{ // CALL(0xff)
code: []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0,
byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.CALL), byte(vm.POP),
},
step: 7,
want: 2855,
},
{ // CALLCODE(0xff)
code: []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0,
byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.CALLCODE), byte(vm.POP),
},
step: 7,
want: 2855,
},
{ // DELEGATECALL(0xff)
code: []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0,
byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DELEGATECALL), byte(vm.POP),
},
step: 6,
want: 2855,
},
{ // STATICCALL(0xff)
code: []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0x0,
byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.DUP1),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.DUP1), byte(vm.STATICCALL), byte(vm.POP),
},
step: 6,
want: 2855,
},
{ // SELFDESTRUCT(0xff)
code: []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, byte(vm.SELFDESTRUCT),
},
step: 1,
want: 7600,
},
} {
tracer := logger.NewStructLogger(nil)
Execute(tc.code, nil, &Config{
EVMConfig: vm.Config{
Tracer: tracer.Hooks(),
},
})
have := tracer.StructLogs()[tc.step].GasCost
if want := tc.want; have != want {
for ii, op := range tracer.StructLogs() {
t.Logf("%d: %v %d", ii, op.OpName(), op.GasCost)
}
t.Fatalf("testcase %d, gas report wrong, step %d, have %d want %d", i, tc.step, have, want)
}
}
}
func TestRuntimeJSTracer(t *testing.T) {
jsTracers := []string{
`{enters: 0, exits: 0, enterGas: 0, gasUsed: 0, steps:0,
step: function() { this.steps++},
fault: function() {},
result: function() {
return [this.enters, this.exits,this.enterGas,this.gasUsed, this.steps].join(",")
},
enter: function(frame) {
this.enters++;
this.enterGas = frame.getGas();
},
exit: function(res) {
this.exits++;
this.gasUsed = res.getGasUsed();
}}`,
`{enters: 0, exits: 0, enterGas: 0, gasUsed: 0, steps:0,
fault: function() {},
result: function() {
return [this.enters, this.exits,this.enterGas,this.gasUsed, this.steps].join(",")
},
enter: function(frame) {
this.enters++;
this.enterGas = frame.getGas();
},
exit: function(res) {
this.exits++;
this.gasUsed = res.getGasUsed();
}}`}
tests := []struct {
code []byte
// One result per tracer
results []string
}{
{
// CREATE
code: []byte{
// Store initcode in memory at 0x00 (5 bytes left-padded to 32 bytes)
byte(vm.PUSH5),
// Init code: PUSH1 0, PUSH1 0, RETURN (3 steps)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.RETURN),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.MSTORE),
// length, offset, value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 5, byte(vm.PUSH1), 27, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.CREATE),
byte(vm.POP),
},
results: []string{`"1,1,952853,6,12"`, `"1,1,952853,6,0"`},
},
{
// CREATE2
code: []byte{
// Store initcode in memory at 0x00 (5 bytes left-padded to 32 bytes)
byte(vm.PUSH5),
// Init code: PUSH1 0, PUSH1 0, RETURN (3 steps)
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.RETURN),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.MSTORE),
// salt, length, offset, value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 1, byte(vm.PUSH1), 5, byte(vm.PUSH1), 27, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.CREATE2),
byte(vm.POP),
},
results: []string{`"1,1,952844,6,13"`, `"1,1,952844,6,0"`},
},
{
// CALL
code: []byte{
// outsize, outoffset, insize, inoffset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xbb, //address
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.CALL),
byte(vm.POP),
},
results: []string{`"1,1,981796,6,13"`, `"1,1,981796,6,0"`},
},
{
// CALLCODE
code: []byte{
// outsize, outoffset, insize, inoffset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xcc, //address
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.CALLCODE),
byte(vm.POP),
},
results: []string{`"1,1,981796,6,13"`, `"1,1,981796,6,0"`},
},
{
// STATICCALL
code: []byte{
// outsize, outoffset, insize, inoffset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xdd, //address
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.STATICCALL),
byte(vm.POP),
},
results: []string{`"1,1,981799,6,12"`, `"1,1,981799,6,0"`},
},
{
// DELEGATECALL
code: []byte{
// outsize, outoffset, insize, inoffset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xee, //address
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.DELEGATECALL),
byte(vm.POP),
},
results: []string{`"1,1,981799,6,12"`, `"1,1,981799,6,0"`},
},
{
// CALL self-destructing contract
code: []byte{
// outsize, outoffset, insize, inoffset
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // value
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xff, //address
byte(vm.GAS), // gas
byte(vm.CALL),
byte(vm.POP),
},
results: []string{`"2,2,0,5003,12"`, `"2,2,0,5003,0"`},
},
}
calleeCode := []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.RETURN),
}
suicideCode := []byte{
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0xaa,
byte(vm.SELFDESTRUCT),
}
main := common.HexToAddress("0xaa")
for i, jsTracer := range jsTracers {
for j, tc := range tests {
statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
statedb.SetCode(main, tc.code)
statedb.SetCode(common.HexToAddress("0xbb"), calleeCode)
statedb.SetCode(common.HexToAddress("0xcc"), calleeCode)
statedb.SetCode(common.HexToAddress("0xdd"), calleeCode)
statedb.SetCode(common.HexToAddress("0xee"), calleeCode)
statedb.SetCode(common.HexToAddress("0xff"), suicideCode)
tracer, err := tracers.DefaultDirectory.New(jsTracer, new(tracers.Context), nil, params.MergedTestChainConfig)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
_, _, err = Call(main, nil, &Config{
GasLimit: 1000000,
State: statedb,
EVMConfig: vm.Config{
Tracer: tracer.Hooks,
}})
if err != nil {
t.Fatal("didn't expect error", err)
}
res, err := tracer.GetResult()
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if have, want := string(res), tc.results[i]; have != want {
t.Errorf("wrong result for tracer %d testcase %d, have \n%v\nwant\n%v\n", i, j, have, want)
}
}
}
}
func TestJSTracerCreateTx(t *testing.T) {
jsTracer := `
{enters: 0, exits: 0,
step: function() {},
fault: function() {},
result: function() { return [this.enters, this.exits].join(",") },
enter: function(frame) { this.enters++ },
exit: function(res) { this.exits++ }}`
code := []byte{byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, byte(vm.RETURN)}
statedb, _ := state.New(types.EmptyRootHash, state.NewDatabaseForTesting())
tracer, err := tracers.DefaultDirectory.New(jsTracer, new(tracers.Context), nil, params.MergedTestChainConfig)
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
_, _, _, err = Create(code, &Config{
State: statedb,
EVMConfig: vm.Config{
Tracer: tracer.Hooks,
}})
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
res, err := tracer.GetResult()
if err != nil {
t.Fatal(err)
}
if have, want := string(res), `"0,0"`; have != want {
t.Errorf("wrong result for tracer, have \n%v\nwant\n%v\n", have, want)
}
}
func BenchmarkTracerStepVsCallFrame(b *testing.B) {
// Simply pushes and pops some values in a loop
code := []byte{
byte(vm.JUMPDEST),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0,
byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.POP),
byte(vm.PUSH1), 0, // jumpdestination
byte(vm.JUMP),
}
stepTracer := `
{
step: function() {},
fault: function() {},
result: function() {},
}`
callFrameTracer := `
{
enter: function() {},
exit: function() {},
fault: function() {},
result: function() {},
}`
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(10000000, code, "tracer-step-10M", stepTracer, b)
benchmarkNonModifyingCode(10000000, code, "tracer-call-frame-10M", callFrameTracer, b)
}