Official Go implementation of the Ethereum protocol
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go-ethereum/core/txpool/validation.go

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// Copyright 2023 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
package txpool
import (
"crypto/sha256"
"fmt"
"math/big"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto/kzg4844"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
)
// ValidationOptions define certain differences between transaction validation
// across the different pools without having to duplicate those checks.
type ValidationOptions struct {
Config *params.ChainConfig // Chain configuration to selectively validate based on current fork rules
Accept uint8 // Bitmap of transaction types that should be accepted for the calling pool
MaxSize uint64 // Maximum size of a transaction that the caller can meaningfully handle
MinTip *big.Int // Minimum gas tip needed to allow a transaction into the caller pool
}
// ValidateTransaction is a helper method to check whether a transaction is valid
// according to the consensus rules, but does not check state-dependent validation
// (balance, nonce, etc).
//
// This check is public to allow different transaction pools to check the basic
// rules without duplicating code and running the risk of missed updates.
func ValidateTransaction(tx *types.Transaction, head *types.Header, signer types.Signer, opts *ValidationOptions) error {
// Ensure transactions not implemented by the calling pool are rejected
if opts.Accept&(1<<tx.Type()) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: tx type %v not supported by this pool", core.ErrTxTypeNotSupported, tx.Type())
}
// Before performing any expensive validations, sanity check that the tx is
// smaller than the maximum limit the pool can meaningfully handle
if tx.Size() > opts.MaxSize {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: transaction size %v, limit %v", ErrOversizedData, tx.Size(), opts.MaxSize)
}
// Ensure only transactions that have been enabled are accepted
if !opts.Config.IsBerlin(head.Number) && tx.Type() != types.LegacyTxType {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: type %d rejected, pool not yet in Berlin", core.ErrTxTypeNotSupported, tx.Type())
}
if !opts.Config.IsLondon(head.Number) && tx.Type() == types.DynamicFeeTxType {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: type %d rejected, pool not yet in London", core.ErrTxTypeNotSupported, tx.Type())
}
if !opts.Config.IsCancun(head.Number, head.Time) && tx.Type() == types.BlobTxType {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: type %d rejected, pool not yet in Cancun", core.ErrTxTypeNotSupported, tx.Type())
}
// Check whether the init code size has been exceeded
if opts.Config.IsShanghai(head.Number, head.Time) && tx.To() == nil && len(tx.Data()) > params.MaxInitCodeSize {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: code size %v, limit %v", core.ErrMaxInitCodeSizeExceeded, len(tx.Data()), params.MaxInitCodeSize)
}
// Transactions can't be negative. This may never happen using RLP decoded
// transactions but may occur for transactions created using the RPC.
if tx.Value().Sign() < 0 {
return ErrNegativeValue
}
// Ensure the transaction doesn't exceed the current block limit gas
if head.GasLimit < tx.Gas() {
return ErrGasLimit
}
// Sanity check for extremely large numbers (supported by RLP or RPC)
if tx.GasFeeCap().BitLen() > 256 {
return core.ErrFeeCapVeryHigh
}
if tx.GasTipCap().BitLen() > 256 {
return core.ErrTipVeryHigh
}
// Ensure gasFeeCap is greater than or equal to gasTipCap
if tx.GasFeeCapIntCmp(tx.GasTipCap()) < 0 {
return core.ErrTipAboveFeeCap
}
// Make sure the transaction is signed properly
if _, err := types.Sender(signer, tx); err != nil {
return ErrInvalidSender
}
// Ensure the transaction has more gas than the bare minimum needed to cover
// the transaction metadata
intrGas, err := core.IntrinsicGas(tx.Data(), tx.AccessList(), tx.To() == nil, true, opts.Config.IsIstanbul(head.Number), opts.Config.IsShanghai(head.Number, head.Time))
if err != nil {
return err
}
if tx.Gas() < intrGas {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: needed %v, allowed %v", core.ErrIntrinsicGas, intrGas, tx.Gas())
}
// Ensure the gasprice is high enough to cover the requirement of the calling
// pool and/or block producer
if tx.GasTipCapIntCmp(opts.MinTip) < 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: tip needed %v, tip permitted %v", ErrUnderpriced, opts.MinTip, tx.GasTipCap())
}
// Ensure blob transactions have valid commitments
if tx.Type() == types.BlobTxType {
sidecar := tx.BlobTxSidecar()
if sidecar == nil {
return fmt.Errorf("missing sidecar in blob transaction")
}
// Ensure the number of items in the blob transaction and vairous side
// data match up before doing any expensive validations
hashes := tx.BlobHashes()
if len(hashes) == 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("blobless blob transaction")
}
if len(hashes) > params.BlobTxMaxBlobGasPerBlock/params.BlobTxBlobGasPerBlob {
return fmt.Errorf("too many blobs in transaction: have %d, permitted %d", len(hashes), params.BlobTxMaxBlobGasPerBlock/params.BlobTxBlobGasPerBlob)
}
if err := validateBlobSidecar(hashes, sidecar); err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
func validateBlobSidecar(hashes []common.Hash, sidecar *types.BlobTxSidecar) error {
if len(sidecar.Blobs) != len(hashes) {
return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blobs compared to %d blob hashes", len(sidecar.Blobs), len(hashes))
}
if len(sidecar.Commitments) != len(hashes) {
return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blob commitments compared to %d blob hashes", len(sidecar.Commitments), len(hashes))
}
if len(sidecar.Proofs) != len(hashes) {
return fmt.Errorf("invalid number of %d blob proofs compared to %d blob hashes", len(sidecar.Proofs), len(hashes))
}
// Blob quantities match up, validate that the provers match with the
// transaction hash before getting to the cryptography
hasher := sha256.New()
for i, want := range hashes {
hasher.Write(sidecar.Commitments[i][:])
hash := hasher.Sum(nil)
hasher.Reset()
var vhash common.Hash
vhash[0] = params.BlobTxHashVersion
copy(vhash[1:], hash[1:])
if vhash != want {
return fmt.Errorf("blob %d: computed hash %#x mismatches transaction one %#x", i, vhash, want)
}
}
// Blob commitments match with the hashes in the transaction, verify the
// blobs themselves via KZG
for i := range sidecar.Blobs {
if err := kzg4844.VerifyBlobProof(sidecar.Blobs[i], sidecar.Commitments[i], sidecar.Proofs[i]); err != nil {
return fmt.Errorf("invalid blob %d: %v", i, err)
}
}
return nil
}
// ValidationOptionsWithState define certain differences between stateful transaction
// validation across the different pools without having to duplicate those checks.
type ValidationOptionsWithState struct {
State *state.StateDB // State database to check nonces and balances against
// FirstNonceGap is an optional callback to retrieve the first nonce gap in
// the list of pooled transactions of a specific account. If this method is
// set, nonce gaps will be checked and forbidden. If this method is not set,
// nonce gaps will be ignored and permitted.
FirstNonceGap func(addr common.Address) uint64
// UsedAndLeftSlots is a mandatory callback to retrieve the number of tx slots
// used and the number still permitted for an account. New transactions will
// be rejected once the number of remaining slots reaches zero.
UsedAndLeftSlots func(addr common.Address) (int, int)
// ExistingExpenditure is a mandatory callback to retrieve the cummulative
// cost of the already pooled transactions to check for overdrafts.
ExistingExpenditure func(addr common.Address) *big.Int
// ExistingCost is a mandatory callback to retrieve an already pooled
// transaction's cost with the given nonce to check for overdrafts.
ExistingCost func(addr common.Address, nonce uint64) *big.Int
}
// ValidateTransactionWithState is a helper method to check whether a transaction
// is valid according to the pool's internal state checks (balance, nonce, gaps).
//
// This check is public to allow different transaction pools to check the stateful
// rules without duplicating code and running the risk of missed updates.
func ValidateTransactionWithState(tx *types.Transaction, signer types.Signer, opts *ValidationOptionsWithState) error {
// Ensure the transaction adheres to nonce ordering
from, err := signer.Sender(tx) // already validated (and cached), but cleaner to check
if err != nil {
log.Error("Transaction sender recovery failed", "err", err)
return err
}
next := opts.State.GetNonce(from)
if next > tx.Nonce() {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: next nonce %v, tx nonce %v", core.ErrNonceTooLow, next, tx.Nonce())
}
// Ensure the transaction doesn't produce a nonce gap in pools that do not
// support arbitrary orderings
if opts.FirstNonceGap != nil {
if gap := opts.FirstNonceGap(from); gap < tx.Nonce() {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: tx nonce %v, gapped nonce %v", core.ErrNonceTooHigh, tx.Nonce(), gap)
}
}
// Ensure the transactor has enough funds to cover the transaction costs
var (
balance = opts.State.GetBalance(from)
cost = tx.Cost()
)
if balance.Cmp(cost) < 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: balance %v, tx cost %v, overshot %v", core.ErrInsufficientFunds, balance, cost, new(big.Int).Sub(cost, balance))
}
// Ensure the transactor has enough funds to cover for replacements or nonce
// expansions without overdrafts
spent := opts.ExistingExpenditure(from)
if prev := opts.ExistingCost(from, tx.Nonce()); prev != nil {
bump := new(big.Int).Sub(cost, prev)
need := new(big.Int).Add(spent, bump)
if balance.Cmp(need) < 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: balance %v, queued cost %v, tx bumped %v, overshot %v", core.ErrInsufficientFunds, balance, spent, bump, new(big.Int).Sub(need, balance))
}
} else {
need := new(big.Int).Add(spent, cost)
if balance.Cmp(need) < 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: balance %v, queued cost %v, tx cost %v, overshot %v", core.ErrInsufficientFunds, balance, spent, cost, new(big.Int).Sub(need, balance))
}
// Transaction takes a new nonce value out of the pool. Ensure it doesn't
// overflow the number of permitted transactions from a single accoun
// (i.e. max cancellable via out-of-bound transaction).
if used, left := opts.UsedAndLeftSlots(from); left <= 0 {
return fmt.Errorf("%w: pooled %d txs", ErrAccountLimitExceeded, used)
}
}
return nil
}