core/state: access trie through Database interface, track errors (#14589)

With this commit, core/state's access to the underlying key/value database is
mediated through an interface. Database errors are tracked in StateDB and
returned by CommitTo or the new Error method.

Motivation for this change: We can remove the light client's duplicated copy of
core/state. The light client now supports node iteration, so tracing and storage
enumeration can work with the light client (not implemented in this commit).

accounts/abi/bind/backends/simulated.go

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) Rollback() {
 func (b *SimulatedBackend) rollback() {
 	blocks, _ := core.GenerateChain(b.config, b.blockchain.CurrentBlock(), b.database, 1, func(int, *core.BlockGen) {})
 	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
-	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), b.database)
+	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), state.NewDatabase(b.database))
 }
 
 // CodeAt returns the code associated with a certain account in the blockchain.
@@ -279,7 +279,7 @@ func (b *SimulatedBackend) SendTransaction(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transa
 		block.AddTx(tx)
 	})
 	b.pendingBlock = blocks[0]
-	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), b.database)
+	b.pendingState, _ = state.New(b.pendingBlock.Root(), state.NewDatabase(b.database))
 	return nil
 }
 

cmd/evm/runner.go

@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 		_, statedb = gen.ToBlock()
 		chainConfig = gen.Config
 	} else {
-		var db, _ = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+		db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-		statedb, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		statedb, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 	}
 	if ctx.GlobalString(SenderFlag.Name) != "" {
 		sender = common.HexToAddress(ctx.GlobalString(SenderFlag.Name))
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ func runCmd(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 	execTime := time.Since(tstart)
 
 	if ctx.GlobalBool(DumpFlag.Name) {
-		statedb.Commit(true)
+		statedb.IntermediateRoot(true)
 		fmt.Println(string(statedb.Dump()))
 	}
 

cmd/geth/chaincmd.go

@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ func dump(ctx *cli.Context) error {
 			fmt.Println("{}")
 			utils.Fatalf("block not found")
 		} else {
-			state, err := state.New(block.Root(), chainDb)
+			state, err := state.New(block.Root(), state.NewDatabase(chainDb))
 			if err != nil {
 				utils.Fatalf("could not create new state: %v", err)
 			}

core/block_validator.go

@@ -52,16 +52,10 @@ func NewBlockValidator(config *params.ChainConfig, blockchain *BlockChain, engin
 // validated at this point.
 func (v *BlockValidator) ValidateBody(block *types.Block) error {
 	// Check whether the block's known, and if not, that it's linkable
-	if v.bc.HasBlock(block.Hash()) {
+	if v.bc.HasBlockAndState(block.Hash()) {
-		if _, err := state.New(block.Root(), v.bc.chainDb); err == nil {
+		return ErrKnownBlock
-			return ErrKnownBlock
-		}
 	}
-	parent := v.bc.GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1)
+	if !v.bc.HasBlockAndState(block.ParentHash()) {
-	if parent == nil {
-		return consensus.ErrUnknownAncestor
-	}
-	if _, err := state.New(parent.Root(), v.bc.chainDb); err != nil {
 		return consensus.ErrUnknownAncestor
 	}
 	// Header validity is known at this point, check the uncles and transactions

core/blockchain.go

@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ type BlockChain struct {
 	currentBlock     *types.Block // Current head of the block chain
 	currentFastBlock *types.Block // Current head of the fast-sync chain (may be above the block chain!)
 
-	stateCache   *state.StateDB // State database to reuse between imports (contains state cache)
+	stateCache   state.Database // State database to reuse between imports (contains state cache)
 	bodyCache    *lru.Cache     // Cache for the most recent block bodies
 	bodyRLPCache *lru.Cache     // Cache for the most recent block bodies in RLP encoded format
 	blockCache   *lru.Cache     // Cache for the most recent entire blocks
@@ -125,6 +125,7 @@ func NewBlockChain(chainDb ethdb.Database, config *params.ChainConfig, engine co
 	bc := &BlockChain{
 		config:       config,
 		chainDb:      chainDb,
+		stateCache:   state.NewDatabase(chainDb),
 		eventMux:     mux,
 		quit:         make(chan struct{}),
 		bodyCache:    bodyCache,
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) loadLastState() error {
 		return bc.Reset()
 	}
 	// Make sure the state associated with the block is available
-	if _, err := state.New(currentBlock.Root(), bc.chainDb); err != nil {
+	if _, err := state.New(currentBlock.Root(), bc.stateCache); err != nil {
 		// Dangling block without a state associated, init from scratch
 		log.Warn("Head state missing, resetting chain", "number", currentBlock.Number(), "hash", currentBlock.Hash())
 		return bc.Reset()
@@ -214,12 +215,6 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) loadLastState() error {
 			bc.currentFastBlock = block
 		}
 	}
-	// Initialize a statedb cache to ensure singleton account bloom filter generation
-	statedb, err := state.New(bc.currentBlock.Root(), bc.chainDb)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	bc.stateCache = statedb
 
 	// Issue a status log for the user
 	headerTd := bc.GetTd(currentHeader.Hash(), currentHeader.Number.Uint64())
@@ -261,7 +256,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) SetHead(head uint64) error {
 		bc.currentBlock = bc.GetBlock(currentHeader.Hash(), currentHeader.Number.Uint64())
 	}
 	if bc.currentBlock != nil {
-		if _, err := state.New(bc.currentBlock.Root(), bc.chainDb); err != nil {
+		if _, err := state.New(bc.currentBlock.Root(), bc.stateCache); err != nil {
 			// Rewound state missing, rolled back to before pivot, reset to genesis
 			bc.currentBlock = nil
 		}
@@ -384,7 +379,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) State() (*state.StateDB, error) {
 
 // StateAt returns a new mutable state based on a particular point in time.
 func (bc *BlockChain) StateAt(root common.Hash) (*state.StateDB, error) {
-	return bc.stateCache.New(root)
+	return state.New(root, bc.stateCache)
 }
 
 // Reset purges the entire blockchain, restoring it to its genesis state.
@@ -531,7 +526,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) HasBlockAndState(hash common.Hash) bool {
 		return false
 	}
 	// Ensure the associated state is also present
-	_, err := state.New(block.Root(), bc.chainDb)
+	_, err := bc.stateCache.OpenTrie(block.Root())
 	return err == nil
 }
 
@@ -959,31 +954,30 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) InsertChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error) {
 		}
 		// Create a new statedb using the parent block and report an
 		// error if it fails.
-		switch {
+		var parent *types.Block
-		case i == 0:
+		if i == 0 {
-			err = bc.stateCache.Reset(bc.GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1).Root())
+			parent = bc.GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1)
-		default:
+		} else {
-			err = bc.stateCache.Reset(chain[i-1].Root())
+			parent = chain[i-1]
 		}
+		state, err := state.New(parent.Root(), bc.stateCache)
 		if err != nil {
-			bc.reportBlock(block, nil, err)
 			return i, err
 		}
 		// Process block using the parent state as reference point.
-		receipts, logs, usedGas, err := bc.processor.Process(block, bc.stateCache, bc.vmConfig)
+		receipts, logs, usedGas, err := bc.processor.Process(block, state, bc.vmConfig)
 		if err != nil {
 			bc.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
 			return i, err
 		}
 		// Validate the state using the default validator
-		err = bc.Validator().ValidateState(block, bc.GetBlock(block.ParentHash(), block.NumberU64()-1), bc.stateCache, receipts, usedGas)
+		err = bc.Validator().ValidateState(block, parent, state, receipts, usedGas)
 		if err != nil {
 			bc.reportBlock(block, receipts, err)
 			return i, err
 		}
 		// Write state changes to database
-		_, err = bc.stateCache.Commit(bc.config.IsEIP158(block.Number()))
+		if _, err = state.CommitTo(bc.chainDb, bc.config.IsEIP158(block.Number())); err != nil {
-		if err != nil {
 			return i, err
 		}
 
@@ -1021,7 +1015,7 @@ func (bc *BlockChain) InsertChain(chain types.Blocks) (int, error) {
 				return i, err
 			}
 			// Write hash preimages
-			if err := WritePreimages(bc.chainDb, block.NumberU64(), bc.stateCache.Preimages()); err != nil {
+			if err := WritePreimages(bc.chainDb, block.NumberU64(), state.Preimages()); err != nil {
 				return i, err
 			}
 		case SideStatTy:

core/blockchain_test.go

@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ func testBlockChainImport(chain types.Blocks, blockchain *BlockChain) error {
 			}
 			return err
 		}
-		statedb, err := state.New(blockchain.GetBlockByHash(block.ParentHash()).Root(), blockchain.chainDb)
+		statedb, err := state.New(blockchain.GetBlockByHash(block.ParentHash()).Root(), blockchain.stateCache)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ func testBlockChainImport(chain types.Blocks, blockchain *BlockChain) error {
 		blockchain.mu.Lock()
 		WriteTd(blockchain.chainDb, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), new(big.Int).Add(block.Difficulty(), blockchain.GetTdByHash(block.ParentHash())))
 		WriteBlock(blockchain.chainDb, block)
-		statedb.Commit(false)
+		statedb.CommitTo(blockchain.chainDb, false)
 		blockchain.mu.Unlock()
 	}
 	return nil
@@ -1131,7 +1131,7 @@ func TestEIP161AccountRemoval(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(types.Blocks{blocks[0]}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if !blockchain.stateCache.Exist(theAddr) {
+	if st, _ := blockchain.State(); !st.Exist(theAddr) {
 		t.Error("expected account to exist")
 	}
 
@@ -1139,7 +1139,7 @@ func TestEIP161AccountRemoval(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(types.Blocks{blocks[1]}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if blockchain.stateCache.Exist(theAddr) {
+	if st, _ := blockchain.State(); st.Exist(theAddr) {
 		t.Error("account should not exist")
 	}
 
@@ -1147,7 +1147,7 @@ func TestEIP161AccountRemoval(t *testing.T) {
 	if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(types.Blocks{blocks[2]}); err != nil {
 		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
-	if blockchain.stateCache.Exist(theAddr) {
+	if st, _ := blockchain.State(); st.Exist(theAddr) {
 		t.Error("account should not exist")
 	}
 }

core/chain_makers.go

@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, db ethdb.Dat
 			gen(i, b)
 		}
 		ethash.AccumulateRewards(statedb, h, b.uncles)
-		root, err := statedb.Commit(config.IsEIP158(h.Number))
+		root, err := statedb.CommitTo(db, config.IsEIP158(h.Number))
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("state write error: %v", err))
 		}
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ func GenerateChain(config *params.ChainConfig, parent *types.Block, db ethdb.Dat
 		return types.NewBlock(h, b.txs, b.uncles, b.receipts), b.receipts
 	}
 	for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
-		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), db)
+		statedb, err := state.New(parent.Root(), state.NewDatabase(db))
 		if err != nil {
 			panic(err)
 		}

core/genesis.go

@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ func (g *Genesis) configOrDefault(ghash common.Hash) *params.ChainConfig {
 // ToBlock creates the block and state of a genesis specification.
 func (g *Genesis) ToBlock() (*types.Block, *state.StateDB) {
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 	for addr, account := range g.Alloc {
 		statedb.AddBalance(addr, account.Balance)
 		statedb.SetCode(addr, account.Code)

core/state/database.go

@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package state
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
+	lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru"
+)
+
+// Trie cache generation limit after which to evic trie nodes from memory.
+var MaxTrieCacheGen = uint16(120)
+
+const (
+	// Number of past tries to keep. This value is chosen such that
+	// reasonable chain reorg depths will hit an existing trie.
+	maxPastTries = 12
+
+	// Number of codehash->size associations to keep.
+	codeSizeCacheSize = 100000
+)
+
+// Database wraps access to tries and contract code.
+type Database interface {
+	// Accessing tries:
+	// OpenTrie opens the main account trie.
+	// OpenStorageTrie opens the storage trie of an account.
+	OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error)
+	OpenStorageTrie(addrHash, root common.Hash) (Trie, error)
+	// Accessing contract code:
+	ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
+	ContractCodeSize(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error)
+	// CopyTrie returns an independent copy of the given trie.
+	CopyTrie(Trie) Trie
+}
+
+// Trie is a Ethereum Merkle Trie.
+type Trie interface {
+	TryGet(key []byte) ([]byte, error)
+	TryUpdate(key, value []byte) error
+	TryDelete(key []byte) error
+	CommitTo(trie.DatabaseWriter) (common.Hash, error)
+	Hash() common.Hash
+	NodeIterator(startKey []byte) trie.NodeIterator
+	GetKey([]byte) []byte // TODO(fjl): remove this when SecureTrie is removed
+}
+
+// NewDatabase creates a backing store for state. The returned database is safe for
+// concurrent use and retains cached trie nodes in memory.
+func NewDatabase(db ethdb.Database) Database {
+	csc, _ := lru.New(codeSizeCacheSize)
+	return &cachingDB{db: db, codeSizeCache: csc}
+}
+
+type cachingDB struct {
+	db            ethdb.Database
+	mu            sync.Mutex
+	pastTries     []*trie.SecureTrie
+	codeSizeCache *lru.Cache
+}
+
+func (db *cachingDB) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
+	db.mu.Lock()
+	defer db.mu.Unlock()
+
+	for i := len(db.pastTries) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+		if db.pastTries[i].Hash() == root {
+			return cachedTrie{db.pastTries[i].Copy(), db}, nil
+		}
+	}
+	tr, err := trie.NewSecure(root, db.db, MaxTrieCacheGen)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return cachedTrie{tr, db}, nil
+}
+
+func (db *cachingDB) pushTrie(t *trie.SecureTrie) {
+	db.mu.Lock()
+	defer db.mu.Unlock()
+
+	if len(db.pastTries) >= maxPastTries {
+		copy(db.pastTries, db.pastTries[1:])
+		db.pastTries[len(db.pastTries)-1] = t
+	} else {
+		db.pastTries = append(db.pastTries, t)
+	}
+}
+
+func (db *cachingDB) OpenStorageTrie(addrHash, root common.Hash) (Trie, error) {
+	return trie.NewSecure(root, db.db, 0)
+}
+
+func (db *cachingDB) CopyTrie(t Trie) Trie {
+	switch t := t.(type) {
+	case cachedTrie:
+		return cachedTrie{t.SecureTrie.Copy(), db}
+	case *trie.SecureTrie:
+		return t.Copy()
+	default:
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unknown trie type %T", t))
+	}
+}
+
+func (db *cachingDB) ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+	code, err := db.db.Get(codeHash[:])
+	if err == nil {
+		db.codeSizeCache.Add(codeHash, len(code))
+	}
+	return code, err
+}
+
+func (db *cachingDB) ContractCodeSize(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
+	if cached, ok := db.codeSizeCache.Get(codeHash); ok {
+		return cached.(int), nil
+	}
+	code, err := db.ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash)
+	if err == nil {
+		db.codeSizeCache.Add(codeHash, len(code))
+	}
+	return len(code), err
+}
+
+// cachedTrie inserts its trie into a cachingDB on commit.
+type cachedTrie struct {
+	*trie.SecureTrie
+	db *cachingDB
+}
+
+func (m cachedTrie) CommitTo(dbw trie.DatabaseWriter) (common.Hash, error) {
+	root, err := m.SecureTrie.CommitTo(dbw)
+	if err == nil {
+		m.db.pushTrie(m.SecureTrie)
+	}
+	return root, err
+}

core/state/dump.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ type Dump struct {
 
 func (self *StateDB) RawDump() Dump {
 	dump := Dump{
-		Root:     common.Bytes2Hex(self.trie.Root()),
+		Root:     fmt.Sprintf("%x", self.trie.Hash()),
 		Accounts: make(map[string]DumpAccount),
 	}
 

core/state/iterator.go

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ package state
 import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
-	"math/big"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
@@ -105,16 +104,11 @@ func (it *NodeIterator) step() error {
 		return nil
 	}
 	// Otherwise we've reached an account node, initiate data iteration
-	var account struct {
+	var account Account
-		Nonce    uint64
-		Balance  *big.Int
-		Root     common.Hash
-		CodeHash []byte
-	}
 	if err := rlp.Decode(bytes.NewReader(it.stateIt.LeafBlob()), &account); err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	dataTrie, err := trie.New(account.Root, it.state.db)
+	dataTrie, err := it.state.db.OpenStorageTrie(common.BytesToHash(it.stateIt.LeafKey()), account.Root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -124,7 +118,8 @@ func (it *NodeIterator) step() error {
 	}
 	if !bytes.Equal(account.CodeHash, emptyCodeHash) {
 		it.codeHash = common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash)
-		it.code, err = it.state.db.Get(account.CodeHash)
+		addrHash := common.BytesToHash(it.stateIt.LeafKey())
+		it.code, err = it.state.db.ContractCode(addrHash, common.BytesToHash(account.CodeHash))
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("code %x: %v", account.CodeHash, err)
 		}

core/state/iterator_test.go

@@ -21,13 +21,12 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 )
 
 // Tests that the node iterator indeed walks over the entire database contents.
 func TestNodeIteratorCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create some arbitrary test state to iterate
-	db, root, _ := makeTestState()
+	db, mem, root, _ := makeTestState()
 
 	state, err := New(root, db)
 	if err != nil {
@@ -40,13 +39,14 @@ func TestNodeIteratorCoverage(t *testing.T) {
 			hashes[it.Hash] = struct{}{}
 		}
 	}
+
 	// Cross check the hashes and the database itself
 	for hash := range hashes {
-		if _, err := db.Get(hash.Bytes()); err != nil {
+		if _, err := mem.Get(hash.Bytes()); err != nil {
 			t.Errorf("failed to retrieve reported node %x: %v", hash, err)
 		}
 	}
-	for _, key := range db.(*ethdb.MemDatabase).Keys() {
+	for _, key := range mem.Keys() {
 		if bytes.HasPrefix(key, []byte("secure-key-")) {
 			continue
 		}

core/state/managed_state_test.go

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ var addr = common.BytesToAddress([]byte("test"))
 
 func create() (*ManagedState, *account) {
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(db))
 	ms := ManageState(statedb)
 	ms.StateDB.SetNonce(addr, 100)
 	ms.accounts[addr] = newAccount(ms.StateDB.getStateObject(addr))

core/state/state_object.go

@@ -62,9 +62,10 @@ func (self Storage) Copy() Storage {
 // Account values can be accessed and modified through the object.
 // Finally, call CommitTrie to write the modified storage trie into a database.
 type stateObject struct {
-	address common.Address // Ethereum address of this account
+	address  common.Address
-	data    Account
+	addrHash common.Hash // hash of ethereum address of the account
-	db      *StateDB
+	data     Account
+	db       *StateDB
 
 	// DB error.
 	// State objects are used by the consensus core and VM which are
@@ -74,8 +75,8 @@ type stateObject struct {
 	dbErr error
 
 	// Write caches.
-	trie *trie.SecureTrie // storage trie, which becomes non-nil on first access
+	trie Trie // storage trie, which becomes non-nil on first access
-	code Code             // contract bytecode, which gets set when code is loaded
+	code Code // contract bytecode, which gets set when code is loaded
 
 	cachedStorage Storage // Storage entry cache to avoid duplicate reads
 	dirtyStorage  Storage // Storage entries that need to be flushed to disk
@@ -112,7 +113,15 @@ func newObject(db *StateDB, address common.Address, data Account, onDirty func(a
 	if data.CodeHash == nil {
 		data.CodeHash = emptyCodeHash
 	}
-	return &stateObject{db: db, address: address, data: data, cachedStorage: make(Storage), dirtyStorage: make(Storage), onDirty: onDirty}
+	return &stateObject{
+		db:            db,
+		address:       address,
+		addrHash:      crypto.Keccak256Hash(address[:]),
+		data:          data,
+		cachedStorage: make(Storage),
+		dirtyStorage:  make(Storage),
+		onDirty:       onDirty,
+	}
 }
 
 // EncodeRLP implements rlp.Encoder.
@@ -148,12 +157,12 @@ func (c *stateObject) touch() {
 	c.touched = true
 }
 
-func (c *stateObject) getTrie(db trie.Database) *trie.SecureTrie {
+func (c *stateObject) getTrie(db Database) Trie {
 	if c.trie == nil {
 		var err error
-		c.trie, err = trie.NewSecure(c.data.Root, db, 0)
+		c.trie, err = db.OpenStorageTrie(c.addrHash, c.data.Root)
 		if err != nil {
-			c.trie, _ = trie.NewSecure(common.Hash{}, db, 0)
+			c.trie, _ = db.OpenStorageTrie(c.addrHash, common.Hash{})
 			c.setError(fmt.Errorf("can't create storage trie: %v", err))
 		}
 	}
@@ -161,13 +170,18 @@ func (c *stateObject) getTrie(db trie.Database) *trie.SecureTrie {
 }
 
 // GetState returns a value in account storage.
-func (self *stateObject) GetState(db trie.Database, key common.Hash) common.Hash {
+func (self *stateObject) GetState(db Database, key common.Hash) common.Hash {
 	value, exists := self.cachedStorage[key]
 	if exists {
 		return value
 	}
 	// Load from DB in case it is missing.
-	if enc := self.getTrie(db).Get(key[:]); len(enc) > 0 {
+	enc, err := self.getTrie(db).TryGet(key[:])
+	if err != nil {
+		self.setError(err)
+		return common.Hash{}
+	}
+	if len(enc) > 0 {
 		_, content, _, err := rlp.Split(enc)
 		if err != nil {
 			self.setError(err)
@@ -181,7 +195,7 @@ func (self *stateObject) GetState(db trie.Database, key common.Hash) common.Hash
 }
 
 // SetState updates a value in account storage.
-func (self *stateObject) SetState(db trie.Database, key, value common.Hash) {
+func (self *stateObject) SetState(db Database, key, value common.Hash) {
 	self.db.journal = append(self.db.journal, storageChange{
 		account:  &self.address,
 		key:      key,
@@ -201,30 +215,30 @@ func (self *stateObject) setState(key, value common.Hash) {
 }
 
 // updateTrie writes cached storage modifications into the object's storage trie.
-func (self *stateObject) updateTrie(db trie.Database) *trie.SecureTrie {
+func (self *stateObject) updateTrie(db Database) Trie {
 	tr := self.getTrie(db)
 	for key, value := range self.dirtyStorage {
 		delete(self.dirtyStorage, key)
 		if (value == common.Hash{}) {
-			tr.Delete(key[:])
+			self.setError(tr.TryDelete(key[:]))
 			continue
 		}
 		// Encoding []byte cannot fail, ok to ignore the error.
 		v, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bytes.TrimLeft(value[:], "\x00"))
-		tr.Update(key[:], v)
+		self.setError(tr.TryUpdate(key[:], v))
 	}
 	return tr
 }
 
 // UpdateRoot sets the trie root to the current root hash of
-func (self *stateObject) updateRoot(db trie.Database) {
+func (self *stateObject) updateRoot(db Database) {
 	self.updateTrie(db)
 	self.data.Root = self.trie.Hash()
 }
 
 // CommitTrie the storage trie of the object to dwb.
 // This updates the trie root.
-func (self *stateObject) CommitTrie(db trie.Database, dbw trie.DatabaseWriter) error {
+func (self *stateObject) CommitTrie(db Database, dbw trie.DatabaseWriter) error {
 	self.updateTrie(db)
 	if self.dbErr != nil {
 		return self.dbErr
@@ -282,9 +296,7 @@ func (c *stateObject) ReturnGas(gas *big.Int) {}
 func (self *stateObject) deepCopy(db *StateDB, onDirty func(addr common.Address)) *stateObject {
 	stateObject := newObject(db, self.address, self.data, onDirty)
 	if self.trie != nil {
-		// A shallow copy makes the two tries independent.
+		stateObject.trie = db.db.CopyTrie(self.trie)
-		cpy := *self.trie
-		stateObject.trie = &cpy
 	}
 	stateObject.code = self.code
 	stateObject.dirtyStorage = self.dirtyStorage.Copy()
@@ -305,14 +317,14 @@ func (c *stateObject) Address() common.Address {
 }
 
 // Code returns the contract code associated with this object, if any.
-func (self *stateObject) Code(db trie.Database) []byte {
+func (self *stateObject) Code(db Database) []byte {
 	if self.code != nil {
 		return self.code
 	}
 	if bytes.Equal(self.CodeHash(), emptyCodeHash) {
 		return nil
 	}
-	code, err := db.Get(self.CodeHash())
+	code, err := db.ContractCode(self.addrHash, common.BytesToHash(self.CodeHash()))
 	if err != nil {
 		self.setError(fmt.Errorf("can't load code hash %x: %v", self.CodeHash(), err))
 	}

core/state/state_test.go

@@ -21,14 +21,14 @@ import (
 	"math/big"
 	"testing"
 
-	checker "gopkg.in/check.v1"
-
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+	checker "gopkg.in/check.v1"
 )
 
 type StateSuite struct {
+	db    *ethdb.MemDatabase
 	state *StateDB
 }
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ func (s *StateSuite) TestDump(c *checker.C) {
 	// write some of them to the trie
 	s.state.updateStateObject(obj1)
 	s.state.updateStateObject(obj2)
-	s.state.Commit(false)
+	s.state.CommitTo(s.db, false)
 
 	// check that dump contains the state objects that are in trie
 	got := string(s.state.Dump())
@@ -87,23 +87,20 @@ func (s *StateSuite) TestDump(c *checker.C) {
 }
 
 func (s *StateSuite) SetUpTest(c *checker.C) {
-	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+	s.db, _ = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	s.state, _ = New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	s.state, _ = New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(s.db))
 }
 
-func TestNull(t *testing.T) {
+func (s *StateSuite) TestNull(c *checker.C) {
-	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
-
 	address := common.HexToAddress("0x823140710bf13990e4500136726d8b55")
-	state.CreateAccount(address)
+	s.state.CreateAccount(address)
 	//value := common.FromHex("0x823140710bf13990e4500136726d8b55")
 	var value common.Hash
-	state.SetState(address, common.Hash{}, value)
+	s.state.SetState(address, common.Hash{}, value)
-	state.Commit(false)
+	s.state.CommitTo(s.db, false)
-	value = state.GetState(address, common.Hash{})
+	value = s.state.GetState(address, common.Hash{})
 	if !common.EmptyHash(value) {
-		t.Errorf("expected empty hash. got %x", value)
+		c.Errorf("expected empty hash. got %x", value)
 	}
 }
 
@@ -129,17 +126,15 @@ func (s *StateSuite) TestSnapshot(c *checker.C) {
 	c.Assert(data1, checker.DeepEquals, res)
 }
 
-func TestSnapshotEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+func (s *StateSuite) TestSnapshotEmpty(c *checker.C) {
-	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+	s.state.RevertToSnapshot(s.state.Snapshot())
-	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
-	state.RevertToSnapshot(state.Snapshot())
 }
 
 // use testing instead of checker because checker does not support
 // printing/logging in tests (-check.vv does not work)
 func TestSnapshot2(t *testing.T) {
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(db))
 
 	stateobjaddr0 := toAddr([]byte("so0"))
 	stateobjaddr1 := toAddr([]byte("so1"))
@@ -160,7 +155,7 @@ func TestSnapshot2(t *testing.T) {
 	so0.deleted = false
 	state.setStateObject(so0)
 
-	root, _ := state.Commit(false)
+	root, _ := state.CommitTo(db, false)
 	state.Reset(root)
 
 	// and one with deleted == true
@@ -182,8 +177,8 @@ func TestSnapshot2(t *testing.T) {
 
 	so0Restored := state.getStateObject(stateobjaddr0)
 	// Update lazily-loaded values before comparing.
-	so0Restored.GetState(db, storageaddr)
+	so0Restored.GetState(state.db, storageaddr)
-	so0Restored.Code(db)
+	so0Restored.Code(state.db)
 	// non-deleted is equal (restored)
 	compareStateObjects(so0Restored, so0, t)
 

core/state/statedb.go

@@ -26,23 +26,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/log"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
-	lru "github.com/hashicorp/golang-lru"
-)
-
-// Trie cache generation limit after which to evic trie nodes from memory.
-var MaxTrieCacheGen = uint16(120)
-
-const (
-	// Number of past tries to keep. This value is chosen such that
-	// reasonable chain reorg depths will hit an existing trie.
-	maxPastTries = 12
-
-	// Number of codehash->size associations to keep.
-	codeSizeCacheSize = 100000
 )
 
 type revision struct {
@@ -56,16 +42,21 @@ type revision struct {
 // * Contracts
 // * Accounts
 type StateDB struct {
-	db            ethdb.Database
+	db   Database
-	trie          *trie.SecureTrie
+	trie Trie
-	pastTries     []*trie.SecureTrie
-	codeSizeCache *lru.Cache
 
 	// This map holds 'live' objects, which will get modified while processing a state transition.
 	stateObjects           map[common.Address]*stateObject
 	stateObjectsDirty      map[common.Address]struct{}
 	stateObjectsDestructed map[common.Address]struct{}
 
+	// DB error.
+	// State objects are used by the consensus core and VM which are
+	// unable to deal with database-level errors. Any error that occurs
+	// during a database read is memoized here and will eventually be returned
+	// by StateDB.Commit.
+	dbErr error
+
 	// The refund counter, also used by state transitioning.
 	refund *big.Int
 
@@ -86,16 +77,14 @@ type StateDB struct {
 }
 
 // Create a new state from a given trie
-func New(root common.Hash, db ethdb.Database) (*StateDB, error) {
+func New(root common.Hash, db Database) (*StateDB, error) {
-	tr, err := trie.NewSecure(root, db, MaxTrieCacheGen)
+	tr, err := db.OpenTrie(root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	csc, _ := lru.New(codeSizeCacheSize)
 	return &StateDB{
 		db:                     db,
 		trie:                   tr,
-		codeSizeCache:          csc,
 		stateObjects:           make(map[common.Address]*stateObject),
 		stateObjectsDirty:      make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
 		stateObjectsDestructed: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
@@ -105,36 +94,21 @@ func New(root common.Hash, db ethdb.Database) (*StateDB, error) {
 	}, nil
 }
 
-// New creates a new statedb by reusing any journalled tries to avoid costly
+// setError remembers the first non-nil error it is called with.
-// disk io.
+func (self *StateDB) setError(err error) {
-func (self *StateDB) New(root common.Hash) (*StateDB, error) {
+	if self.dbErr == nil {
-	self.lock.Lock()
+		self.dbErr = err
-	defer self.lock.Unlock()
-
-	tr, err := self.openTrie(root)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
 	}
-	return &StateDB{
+}
-		db:                     self.db,
+
-		trie:                   tr,
+func (self *StateDB) Error() error {
-		codeSizeCache:          self.codeSizeCache,
+	return self.dbErr
-		stateObjects:           make(map[common.Address]*stateObject),
-		stateObjectsDirty:      make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
-		stateObjectsDestructed: make(map[common.Address]struct{}),
-		refund:                 new(big.Int),
-		logs:                   make(map[common.Hash][]*types.Log),
-		preimages:              make(map[common.Hash][]byte),
-	}, nil
 }
 
 // Reset clears out all emphemeral state objects from the state db, but keeps
 // the underlying state trie to avoid reloading data for the next operations.
 func (self *StateDB) Reset(root common.Hash) error {
-	self.lock.Lock()
+	tr, err := self.db.OpenTrie(root)
-	defer self.lock.Unlock()
-
-	tr, err := self.openTrie(root)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -149,34 +123,9 @@ func (self *StateDB) Reset(root common.Hash) error {
 	self.logSize = 0
 	self.preimages = make(map[common.Hash][]byte)
 	self.clearJournalAndRefund()
-
 	return nil
 }
 
-// openTrie creates a trie. It uses an existing trie if one is available
-// from the journal if available.
-func (self *StateDB) openTrie(root common.Hash) (*trie.SecureTrie, error) {
-	for i := len(self.pastTries) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
-		if self.pastTries[i].Hash() == root {
-			tr := *self.pastTries[i]
-			return &tr, nil
-		}
-	}
-	return trie.NewSecure(root, self.db, MaxTrieCacheGen)
-}
-
-func (self *StateDB) pushTrie(t *trie.SecureTrie) {
-	self.lock.Lock()
-	defer self.lock.Unlock()
-
-	if len(self.pastTries) >= maxPastTries {
-		copy(self.pastTries, self.pastTries[1:])
-		self.pastTries[len(self.pastTries)-1] = t
-	} else {
-		self.pastTries = append(self.pastTries, t)
-	}
-}
-
 func (self *StateDB) AddLog(log *types.Log) {
 	self.journal = append(self.journal, addLogChange{txhash: self.thash})
 
@@ -254,10 +203,7 @@ func (self *StateDB) GetNonce(addr common.Address) uint64 {
 func (self *StateDB) GetCode(addr common.Address) []byte {
 	stateObject := self.getStateObject(addr)
 	if stateObject != nil {
-		code := stateObject.Code(self.db)
+		return stateObject.Code(self.db)
-		key := common.BytesToHash(stateObject.CodeHash())
-		self.codeSizeCache.Add(key, len(code))
-		return code
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -267,13 +213,12 @@ func (self *StateDB) GetCodeSize(addr common.Address) int {
 	if stateObject == nil {
 		return 0
 	}
-	key := common.BytesToHash(stateObject.CodeHash())
+	if stateObject.code != nil {
-	if cached, ok := self.codeSizeCache.Get(key); ok {
+		return len(stateObject.code)
-		return cached.(int)
 	}
-	size := len(stateObject.Code(self.db))
+	size, err := self.db.ContractCodeSize(stateObject.addrHash, common.BytesToHash(stateObject.CodeHash()))
-	if stateObject.dbErr == nil {
+	if err != nil {
-		self.codeSizeCache.Add(key, size)
+		self.setError(err)
 	}
 	return size
 }
@@ -296,7 +241,7 @@ func (self *StateDB) GetState(a common.Address, b common.Hash) common.Hash {
 
 // StorageTrie returns the storage trie of an account.
 // The return value is a copy and is nil for non-existent accounts.
-func (self *StateDB) StorageTrie(a common.Address) *trie.SecureTrie {
+func (self *StateDB) StorageTrie(a common.Address) Trie {
 	stateObject := self.getStateObject(a)
 	if stateObject == nil {
 		return nil
@@ -394,14 +339,14 @@ func (self *StateDB) updateStateObject(stateObject *stateObject) {
 	if err != nil {
 		panic(fmt.Errorf("can't encode object at %x: %v", addr[:], err))
 	}
-	self.trie.Update(addr[:], data)
+	self.setError(self.trie.TryUpdate(addr[:], data))
 }
 
 // deleteStateObject removes the given object from the state trie.
 func (self *StateDB) deleteStateObject(stateObject *stateObject) {
 	stateObject.deleted = true
 	addr := stateObject.Address()
-	self.trie.Delete(addr[:])
+	self.setError(self.trie.TryDelete(addr[:]))
 }
 
 // Retrieve a state object given my the address. Returns nil if not found.
@@ -415,8 +360,9 @@ func (self *StateDB) getStateObject(addr common.Address) (stateObject *stateObje
 	}
 
 	// Load the object from the database.
-	enc := self.trie.Get(addr[:])
+	enc, err := self.trie.TryGet(addr[:])
 	if len(enc) == 0 {
+		self.setError(err)
 		return nil
 	}
 	var data Account
@@ -512,8 +458,6 @@ func (self *StateDB) Copy() *StateDB {
 	state := &StateDB{
 		db:                     self.db,
 		trie:                   self.trie,
-		pastTries:              self.pastTries,
-		codeSizeCache:          self.codeSizeCache,
 		stateObjects:           make(map[common.Address]*stateObject, len(self.stateObjectsDirty)),
 		stateObjectsDirty:      make(map[common.Address]struct{}, len(self.stateObjectsDirty)),
 		stateObjectsDestructed: make(map[common.Address]struct{}, len(self.stateObjectsDestructed)),
@@ -636,23 +580,6 @@ func (s *StateDB) DeleteSuicides() {
 	}
 }
 
-// Commit commits all state changes to the database.
-func (s *StateDB) Commit(deleteEmptyObjects bool) (root common.Hash, err error) {
-	root, batch := s.CommitBatch(deleteEmptyObjects)
-	return root, batch.Write()
-}
-
-// CommitBatch commits all state changes to a write batch but does not
-// execute the batch. It is used to validate state changes against
-// the root hash stored in a block.
-func (s *StateDB) CommitBatch(deleteEmptyObjects bool) (root common.Hash, batch ethdb.Batch) {
-	batch = s.db.NewBatch()
-	root, _ = s.CommitTo(batch, deleteEmptyObjects)
-
-	log.Debug("Trie cache stats after commit", "misses", trie.CacheMisses(), "unloads", trie.CacheUnloads())
-	return root, batch
-}
-
 func (s *StateDB) clearJournalAndRefund() {
 	s.journal = nil
 	s.validRevisions = s.validRevisions[:0]
@@ -690,8 +617,6 @@ func (s *StateDB) CommitTo(dbw trie.DatabaseWriter, deleteEmptyObjects bool) (ro
 	}
 	// Write trie changes.
 	root, err = s.trie.CommitTo(dbw)
-	if err == nil {
+	log.Debug("Trie cache stats after commit", "misses", trie.CacheMisses(), "unloads", trie.CacheUnloads())
-		s.pushTrie(s.trie)
-	}
 	return root, err
 }

core/state/statedb_test.go

@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ import (
 	"testing"
 	"testing/quick"
 
+	check "gopkg.in/check.v1"
+
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
@@ -38,7 +40,7 @@ import (
 func TestUpdateLeaks(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create an empty state database
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(db))
 
 	// Update it with some accounts
 	for i := byte(0); i < 255; i++ {
@@ -66,8 +68,8 @@ func TestIntermediateLeaks(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create two state databases, one transitioning to the final state, the other final from the beginning
 	transDb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
 	finalDb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	transState, _ := New(common.Hash{}, transDb)
+	transState, _ := New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(transDb))
-	finalState, _ := New(common.Hash{}, finalDb)
+	finalState, _ := New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(finalDb))
 
 	modify := func(state *StateDB, addr common.Address, i, tweak byte) {
 		state.SetBalance(addr, big.NewInt(int64(11*i)+int64(tweak)))
@@ -95,10 +97,10 @@ func TestIntermediateLeaks(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// Commit and cross check the databases.
-	if _, err := transState.Commit(false); err != nil {
+	if _, err := transState.CommitTo(transDb, false); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to commit transition state: %v", err)
 	}
-	if _, err := finalState.Commit(false); err != nil {
+	if _, err := finalState.CommitTo(finalDb, false); err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to commit final state: %v", err)
 	}
 	for _, key := range finalDb.Keys() {
@@ -282,7 +284,7 @@ func (test *snapshotTest) run() bool {
 	// Run all actions and create snapshots.
 	var (
 		db, _        = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-		state, _     = New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		state, _     = New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(db))
 		snapshotRevs = make([]int, len(test.snapshots))
 		sindex       = 0
 	)
@@ -297,7 +299,7 @@ func (test *snapshotTest) run() bool {
 	// Revert all snapshots in reverse order. Each revert must yield a state
 	// that is equivalent to fresh state with all actions up the snapshot applied.
 	for sindex--; sindex >= 0; sindex-- {
-		checkstate, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		checkstate, _ := New(common.Hash{}, NewDatabase(db))
 		for _, action := range test.actions[:test.snapshots[sindex]] {
 			action.fn(action, checkstate)
 		}
@@ -354,21 +356,19 @@ func (test *snapshotTest) checkEqual(state, checkstate *StateDB) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-func TestTouchDelete(t *testing.T) {
+func (s *StateSuite) TestTouchDelete(c *check.C) {
-	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+	s.state.GetOrNewStateObject(common.Address{})
-	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	root, _ := s.state.CommitTo(s.db, false)
-	state.GetOrNewStateObject(common.Address{})
+	s.state.Reset(root)
-	root, _ := state.Commit(false)
-	state.Reset(root)
 
-	snapshot := state.Snapshot()
+	snapshot := s.state.Snapshot()
-	state.AddBalance(common.Address{}, new(big.Int))
+	s.state.AddBalance(common.Address{}, new(big.Int))
-	if len(state.stateObjectsDirty) != 1 {
+	if len(s.state.stateObjectsDirty) != 1 {
-		t.Fatal("expected one dirty state object")
+		c.Fatal("expected one dirty state object")
 	}
 
-	state.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
+	s.state.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
-	if len(state.stateObjectsDirty) != 0 {
+	if len(s.state.stateObjectsDirty) != 0 {
-		t.Fatal("expected no dirty state object")
+		c.Fatal("expected no dirty state object")
 	}
 }

core/state/sync_test.go

@@ -36,9 +36,10 @@ type testAccount struct {
 }
 
 // makeTestState create a sample test state to test node-wise reconstruction.
-func makeTestState() (ethdb.Database, common.Hash, []*testAccount) {
+func makeTestState() (Database, *ethdb.MemDatabase, common.Hash, []*testAccount) {
 	// Create an empty state
-	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+	mem, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+	db := NewDatabase(mem)
 	state, _ := New(common.Hash{}, db)
 
 	// Fill it with some arbitrary data
@@ -60,17 +61,17 @@ func makeTestState() (ethdb.Database, common.Hash, []*testAccount) {
 		state.updateStateObject(obj)
 		accounts = append(accounts, acc)
 	}
-	root, _ := state.Commit(false)
+	root, _ := state.CommitTo(mem, false)
 
 	// Return the generated state
-	return db, root, accounts
+	return db, mem, root, accounts
 }
 
 // checkStateAccounts cross references a reconstructed state with an expected
 // account array.
 func checkStateAccounts(t *testing.T, db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash, accounts []*testAccount) {
 	// Check root availability and state contents
-	state, err := New(root, db)
+	state, err := New(root, NewDatabase(db))
 	if err != nil {
 		t.Fatalf("failed to create state trie at %x: %v", root, err)
 	}
@@ -90,13 +91,28 @@ func checkStateAccounts(t *testing.T, db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash, accou
 	}
 }
 
-// checkStateConsistency checks that all nodes in a state trie are indeed present.
+// checkTrieConsistency checks that all nodes in a (sub-)trie are indeed present.
+func checkTrieConsistency(db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash) error {
+	if v, _ := db.Get(root[:]); v == nil {
+		return nil // Consider a non existent state consistent.
+	}
+	trie, err := trie.New(root, db)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	it := trie.NodeIterator(nil)
+	for it.Next(true) {
+	}
+	return it.Error()
+}
+
+// checkStateConsistency checks that all data of a state root is present.
 func checkStateConsistency(db ethdb.Database, root common.Hash) error {
 	// Create and iterate a state trie rooted in a sub-node
 	if _, err := db.Get(root.Bytes()); err != nil {
-		return nil // Consider a non existent state consistent
+		return nil // Consider a non existent state consistent.
 	}
-	state, err := New(root, db)
+	state, err := New(root, NewDatabase(db))
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -122,7 +138,7 @@ func TestIterativeStateSyncBatched(t *testing.T)    { testIterativeStateSync(t,
 
 func testIterativeStateSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	_, srcMem, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
@@ -132,7 +148,7 @@ func testIterativeStateSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 	for len(queue) > 0 {
 		results := make([]trie.SyncResult, len(queue))
 		for i, hash := range queue {
-			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
+			data, err := srcMem.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
 			}
@@ -154,7 +170,7 @@ func testIterativeStateSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 // partial results are returned, and the others sent only later.
 func TestIterativeDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	_, srcMem, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
@@ -165,7 +181,7 @@ func TestIterativeDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		// Sync only half of the scheduled nodes
 		results := make([]trie.SyncResult, len(queue)/2+1)
 		for i, hash := range queue[:len(results)] {
-			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
+			data, err := srcMem.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
 			}
@@ -191,7 +207,7 @@ func TestIterativeRandomStateSyncBatched(t *testing.T)    { testIterativeRandomS
 
 func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	_, srcMem, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
@@ -205,7 +221,7 @@ func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 		// Fetch all the queued nodes in a random order
 		results := make([]trie.SyncResult, 0, len(queue))
 		for hash := range queue {
-			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
+			data, err := srcMem.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
 			}
@@ -231,7 +247,7 @@ func testIterativeRandomStateSync(t *testing.T, batch int) {
 // partial results are returned (Even those randomly), others sent only later.
 func TestIterativeRandomDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	_, srcMem, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
@@ -247,7 +263,7 @@ func TestIterativeRandomDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		for hash := range queue {
 			delete(queue, hash)
 
-			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
+			data, err := srcMem.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
 			}
@@ -276,7 +292,9 @@ func TestIterativeRandomDelayedStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 // the database.
 func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a random state to copy
-	srcDb, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+	_, srcMem, srcRoot, srcAccounts := makeTestState()
+
+	checkTrieConsistency(srcMem, srcRoot)
 
 	// Create a destination state and sync with the scheduler
 	dstDb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
@@ -288,7 +306,7 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		// Fetch a batch of state nodes
 		results := make([]trie.SyncResult, len(queue))
 		for i, hash := range queue {
-			data, err := srcDb.Get(hash.Bytes())
+			data, err := srcMem.Get(hash.Bytes())
 			if err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("failed to retrieve node data for %x: %v", hash, err)
 			}
@@ -304,21 +322,18 @@ func TestIncompleteStateSync(t *testing.T) {
 		for _, result := range results {
 			added = append(added, result.Hash)
 		}
-		// Check that all known sub-tries in the synced state is complete
+		// Check that all known sub-tries added so far are complete or missing entirely.
-		for _, root := range added {
+	checkSubtries:
-			// Skim through the accounts and make sure the root hash is not a code node
+		for _, hash := range added {
-			codeHash := false
 			for _, acc := range srcAccounts {
-				if root == crypto.Keccak256Hash(acc.code) {
+				if hash == crypto.Keccak256Hash(acc.code) {
-					codeHash = true
+					continue checkSubtries // skip trie check of code nodes.
-					break
 				}
 			}
-			// If the root is a real trie node, check consistency
+			// Can't use checkStateConsistency here because subtrie keys may have odd
-			if !codeHash {
+			// length and crash in LeafKey.
-				if err := checkStateConsistency(dstDb, root); err != nil {
+			if err := checkTrieConsistency(dstDb, hash); err != nil {
-					t.Fatalf("state inconsistent: %v", err)
+				t.Fatalf("state inconsistent: %v", err)
-				}
 			}
 		}
 		// Fetch the next batch to retrieve

core/tx_pool_test.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func pricedTransaction(nonce uint64, gaslimit, gasprice *big.Int, key *ecdsa.Pri
 
 func setupTxPool() (*TxPool, *ecdsa.PrivateKey) {
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	key, _ := crypto.GenerateKey()
 	newPool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func TestStateChangeDuringPoolReset(t *testing.T) {
 		key, _     = crypto.GenerateKey()
 		address    = crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
 		mux        = new(event.TypeMux)
-		statedb, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		statedb, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 		trigger    = false
 	)
 
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ func TestStateChangeDuringPoolReset(t *testing.T) {
 		// a state change between those fetches.
 		stdb := statedb
 		if trigger {
-			statedb, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+			statedb, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 			// simulate that the new head block included tx0 and tx1
 			statedb.SetNonce(address, 2)
 			statedb.SetBalance(address, new(big.Int).SetUint64(params.Ether))
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ func TestTransactionChainFork(t *testing.T) {
 	addr := crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
 	resetState := func() {
 		db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-		statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 		pool.currentState = func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }
 		currentState, _ := pool.currentState()
 		currentState.AddBalance(addr, big.NewInt(100000000000000))
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ func TestTransactionDoubleNonce(t *testing.T) {
 	addr := crypto.PubkeyToAddress(key.PublicKey)
 	resetState := func() {
 		db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-		statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 		pool.currentState = func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }
 		currentState, _ := pool.currentState()
 		currentState.AddBalance(addr, big.NewInt(100000000000000))
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ func TestTransactionQueueGlobalLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Create the pool to test the limit enforcement with
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	pool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
 	pool.resetState()
@@ -783,7 +783,7 @@ func TestTransactionPendingGlobalLimiting(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Create the pool to test the limit enforcement with
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	pool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
 	pool.resetState()
@@ -835,7 +835,7 @@ func TestTransactionCapClearsFromAll(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Create the pool to test the limit enforcement with
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	pool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
 	pool.resetState()
@@ -868,7 +868,7 @@ func TestTransactionPendingMinimumAllowance(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Create the pool to test the limit enforcement with
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	pool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
 	pool.resetState()
@@ -913,7 +913,7 @@ func TestTransactionPendingMinimumAllowance(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTransactionPoolRepricing(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create the pool to test the pricing enforcement with
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	pool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
 	pool.resetState()
@@ -1006,7 +1006,7 @@ func TestTransactionPoolUnderpricing(t *testing.T) {
 
 	// Create the pool to test the pricing enforcement with
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	pool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
 	pool.resetState()
@@ -1091,7 +1091,7 @@ func TestTransactionPoolUnderpricing(t *testing.T) {
 func TestTransactionReplacement(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create the pool to test the pricing enforcement with
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 	pool := NewTxPool(DefaultTxPoolConfig, params.TestChainConfig, new(event.TypeMux), func() (*state.StateDB, error) { return statedb, nil }, func() *big.Int { return big.NewInt(1000000) })
 	pool.resetState()

core/vm/runtime/runtime.go

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func Execute(code, input []byte, cfg *Config) ([]byte, *state.StateDB, error) {
 
 	if cfg.State == nil {
 		db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-		cfg.State, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		cfg.State, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 	}
 	var (
 		address = common.StringToAddress("contract")
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ func Create(input []byte, cfg *Config) ([]byte, common.Address, uint64, error) {
 
 	if cfg.State == nil {
 		db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-		cfg.State, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		cfg.State, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 	}
 	var (
 		vmenv  = NewEnv(cfg, cfg.State)

core/vm/runtime/runtime_test.go

@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func TestExecute(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestCall(t *testing.T) {
 	db, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	state, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	state, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 	address := common.HexToAddress("0x0a")
 	state.SetCode(address, []byte{
 		byte(vm.PUSH1), 10,

eth/api.go

@@ -637,7 +637,7 @@ func (api *PrivateDebugAPI) StorageRangeAt(ctx context.Context, blockHash common
 	return storageRangeAt(st, keyStart, maxResult), nil
 }
 
-func storageRangeAt(st *trie.SecureTrie, start []byte, maxResult int) StorageRangeResult {
+func storageRangeAt(st state.Trie, start []byte, maxResult int) StorageRangeResult {
 	it := trie.NewIterator(st.NodeIterator(start))
 	result := StorageRangeResult{Storage: storageMap{}}
 	for i := 0; i < maxResult && it.Next(); i++ {

eth/api_backend.go

@@ -31,7 +31,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/gasprice"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/ethapi"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
 )
@@ -81,11 +80,11 @@ func (b *EthApiBackend) BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumb
 	return b.eth.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(uint64(blockNr)), nil
 }
 
-func (b *EthApiBackend) StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (ethapi.State, *types.Header, error) {
+func (b *EthApiBackend) StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (*state.StateDB, *types.Header, error) {
 	// Pending state is only known by the miner
 	if blockNr == rpc.PendingBlockNumber {
 		block, state := b.eth.miner.Pending()
-		return EthApiState{state}, block.Header(), nil
+		return state, block.Header(), nil
 	}
 	// Otherwise resolve the block number and return its state
 	header, err := b.HeaderByNumber(ctx, blockNr)
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ func (b *EthApiBackend) StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
 	stateDb, err := b.eth.BlockChain().StateAt(header.Root)
-	return EthApiState{stateDb}, header, err
+	return stateDb, header, err
 }
 
 func (b *EthApiBackend) GetBlock(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
@@ -108,14 +107,12 @@ func (b *EthApiBackend) GetTd(blockHash common.Hash) *big.Int {
 	return b.eth.blockchain.GetTdByHash(blockHash)
 }
 
-func (b *EthApiBackend) GetEVM(ctx context.Context, msg core.Message, state ethapi.State, header *types.Header, vmCfg vm.Config) (*vm.EVM, func() error, error) {
+func (b *EthApiBackend) GetEVM(ctx context.Context, msg core.Message, state *state.StateDB, header *types.Header, vmCfg vm.Config) (*vm.EVM, func() error, error) {
-	statedb := state.(EthApiState).state
+	state.SetBalance(msg.From(), math.MaxBig256)
-	from := statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(msg.From())
-	from.SetBalance(math.MaxBig256)
 	vmError := func() error { return nil }
 
 	context := core.NewEVMContext(msg, header, b.eth.BlockChain(), nil)
-	return vm.NewEVM(context, statedb, b.eth.chainConfig, vmCfg), vmError, nil
+	return vm.NewEVM(context, state, b.eth.chainConfig, vmCfg), vmError, nil
 }
 
 func (b *EthApiBackend) SendTx(ctx context.Context, signedTx *types.Transaction) error {
@@ -200,23 +197,3 @@ func (b *EthApiBackend) EventMux() *event.TypeMux {
 func (b *EthApiBackend) AccountManager() *accounts.Manager {
 	return b.eth.AccountManager()
 }
-
-type EthApiState struct {
-	state *state.StateDB
-}
-
-func (s EthApiState) GetBalance(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (*big.Int, error) {
-	return s.state.GetBalance(addr), nil
-}
-
-func (s EthApiState) GetCode(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) ([]byte, error) {
-	return s.state.GetCode(addr), nil
-}
-
-func (s EthApiState) GetState(ctx context.Context, a common.Address, b common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
-	return s.state.GetState(a, b), nil
-}
-
-func (s EthApiState) GetNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (uint64, error) {
-	return s.state.GetNonce(addr), nil
-}

eth/api_test.go

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ func TestStorageRangeAt(t *testing.T) {
 	// Create a state where account 0x010000... has a few storage entries.
 	var (
 		db, _    = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-		state, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+		state, _ = state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 		addr     = common.Address{0x01}
 		keys     = []common.Hash{ // hashes of Keys of storage
 			common.HexToHash("340dd630ad21bf010b4e676dbfa9ba9a02175262d1fa356232cfde6cb5b47ef2"),

eth/bind.go

@@ -54,14 +54,12 @@ func NewContractBackend(apiBackend ethapi.Backend) *ContractBackend {
 
 // CodeAt retrieves any code associated with the contract from the local API.
 func (b *ContractBackend) CodeAt(ctx context.Context, contract common.Address, blockNum *big.Int) ([]byte, error) {
-	out, err := b.bcapi.GetCode(ctx, contract, toBlockNumber(blockNum))
+	return b.bcapi.GetCode(ctx, contract, toBlockNumber(blockNum))
-	return common.FromHex(out), err
 }
 
 // CodeAt retrieves any code associated with the contract from the local API.
 func (b *ContractBackend) PendingCodeAt(ctx context.Context, contract common.Address) ([]byte, error) {
-	out, err := b.bcapi.GetCode(ctx, contract, rpc.PendingBlockNumber)
+	return b.bcapi.GetCode(ctx, contract, rpc.PendingBlockNumber)
-	return common.FromHex(out), err
 }
 
 // ContractCall implements bind.ContractCaller executing an Ethereum contract

eth/downloader/downloader_test.go

@@ -657,7 +657,7 @@ func assertOwnForkedChain(t *testing.T, tester *downloadTester, common int, leng
 			index = len(tester.ownHashes) - lengths[len(lengths)-1] + int(tester.downloader.queue.fastSyncPivot)
 		}
 		if index > 0 {
-			if statedb, err := state.New(tester.ownHeaders[tester.ownHashes[index]].Root, tester.stateDb); statedb == nil || err != nil {
+			if statedb, err := state.New(tester.ownHeaders[tester.ownHashes[index]].Root, state.NewDatabase(tester.stateDb)); statedb == nil || err != nil {
 				t.Fatalf("state reconstruction failed: %v", err)
 			}
 		}

eth/handler_test.go

@@ -374,7 +374,7 @@ func testGetNodeData(t *testing.T, protocol int) {
 	}
 	accounts := []common.Address{testBank, acc1Addr, acc2Addr}
 	for i := uint64(0); i <= pm.blockchain.CurrentBlock().NumberU64(); i++ {
-		trie, _ := state.New(pm.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(i).Root(), statedb)
+		trie, _ := state.New(pm.blockchain.GetBlockByNumber(i).Root(), state.NewDatabase(statedb))
 
 		for j, acc := range accounts {
 			state, _ := pm.blockchain.State()

internal/ethapi/api.go

@@ -447,8 +447,8 @@ func (s *PublicBlockChainAPI) GetBalance(ctx context.Context, address common.Add
 	if state == nil || err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-
+	b := state.GetBalance(address)
-	return state.GetBalance(ctx, address)
+	return b, state.Error()
 }
 
 // GetBlockByNumber returns the requested block. When blockNr is -1 the chain head is returned. When fullTx is true all
@@ -529,31 +529,25 @@ func (s *PublicBlockChainAPI) GetUncleCountByBlockHash(ctx context.Context, bloc
 }
 
 // GetCode returns the code stored at the given address in the state for the given block number.
-func (s *PublicBlockChainAPI) GetCode(ctx context.Context, address common.Address, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (string, error) {
+func (s *PublicBlockChainAPI) GetCode(ctx context.Context, address common.Address, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
 	state, _, err := s.b.StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx, blockNr)
 	if state == nil || err != nil {
-		return "", err
+		return nil, err
-	}
-	res, err := state.GetCode(ctx, address)
-	if len(res) == 0 || err != nil { // backwards compatibility
-		return "0x", err
 	}
-	return common.ToHex(res), nil
+	code := state.GetCode(address)
+	return code, state.Error()
 }
 
 // GetStorageAt returns the storage from the state at the given address, key and
 // block number. The rpc.LatestBlockNumber and rpc.PendingBlockNumber meta block
 // numbers are also allowed.
-func (s *PublicBlockChainAPI) GetStorageAt(ctx context.Context, address common.Address, key string, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (string, error) {
+func (s *PublicBlockChainAPI) GetStorageAt(ctx context.Context, address common.Address, key string, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (hexutil.Bytes, error) {
 	state, _, err := s.b.StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx, blockNr)
 	if state == nil || err != nil {
-		return "0x", err
+		return nil, err
-	}
-	res, err := state.GetState(ctx, address, common.HexToHash(key))
-	if err != nil {
-		return "0x", err
 	}
-	return res.Hex(), nil
+	res := state.GetState(address, common.HexToHash(key))
+	return res[:], state.Error()
 }
 
 // callmsg is the message type used for call transitions.
@@ -978,11 +972,8 @@ func (s *PublicTransactionPoolAPI) GetTransactionCount(ctx context.Context, addr
 	if state == nil || err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
-	nonce, err := state.GetNonce(ctx, address)
+	nonce := state.GetNonce(address)
-	if err != nil {
+	return (*hexutil.Uint64)(&nonce), state.Error()
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return (*hexutil.Uint64)(&nonce), nil
 }
 
 // getTransactionBlockData fetches the meta data for the given transaction from the chain database. This is useful to

internal/ethapi/backend.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/accounts"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/downloader"
@@ -47,11 +48,12 @@ type Backend interface {
 	SetHead(number uint64)
 	HeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Header, error)
 	BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (*types.Block, error)
-	StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (State, *types.Header, error)
+	StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (*state.StateDB, *types.Header, error)
 	GetBlock(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error)
 	GetReceipts(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (types.Receipts, error)
 	GetTd(blockHash common.Hash) *big.Int
-	GetEVM(ctx context.Context, msg core.Message, state State, header *types.Header, vmCfg vm.Config) (*vm.EVM, func() error, error)
+	GetEVM(ctx context.Context, msg core.Message, state *state.StateDB, header *types.Header, vmCfg vm.Config) (*vm.EVM, func() error, error)
+
 	// TxPool API
 	SendTx(ctx context.Context, signedTx *types.Transaction) error
 	RemoveTx(txHash common.Hash)
@@ -65,13 +67,6 @@ type Backend interface {
 	CurrentBlock() *types.Block
 }
 
-type State interface {
-	GetBalance(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (*big.Int, error)
-	GetCode(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) ([]byte, error)
-	GetState(ctx context.Context, a common.Address, b common.Hash) (common.Hash, error)
-	GetNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (uint64, error)
-}
-
 func GetAPIs(apiBackend Backend) []rpc.API {
 	nonceLock := new(AddrLocker)
 	return []rpc.API{

les/api_backend.go

@@ -24,13 +24,13 @@ import (
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common/math"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/downloader"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/eth/gasprice"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/internal/ethapi"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/light"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rpc"
@@ -70,12 +70,12 @@ func (b *LesApiBackend) BlockByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumb
 	return b.GetBlock(ctx, header.Hash())
 }
 
-func (b *LesApiBackend) StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (ethapi.State, *types.Header, error) {
+func (b *LesApiBackend) StateAndHeaderByNumber(ctx context.Context, blockNr rpc.BlockNumber) (*state.StateDB, *types.Header, error) {
 	header, err := b.HeaderByNumber(ctx, blockNr)
 	if header == nil || err != nil {
 		return nil, nil, err
 	}
-	return light.NewLightState(light.StateTrieID(header), b.eth.odr), header, nil
+	return light.NewState(ctx, header, b.eth.odr), header, nil
 }
 
 func (b *LesApiBackend) GetBlock(ctx context.Context, blockHash common.Hash) (*types.Block, error) {
@@ -90,18 +90,10 @@ func (b *LesApiBackend) GetTd(blockHash common.Hash) *big.Int {
 	return b.eth.blockchain.GetTdByHash(blockHash)
 }
 
-func (b *LesApiBackend) GetEVM(ctx context.Context, msg core.Message, state ethapi.State, header *types.Header, vmCfg vm.Config) (*vm.EVM, func() error, error) {
+func (b *LesApiBackend) GetEVM(ctx context.Context, msg core.Message, state *state.StateDB, header *types.Header, vmCfg vm.Config) (*vm.EVM, func() error, error) {
-	stateDb := state.(*light.LightState).Copy()
+	state.SetBalance(msg.From(), math.MaxBig256)
-	addr := msg.From()
-	from, err := stateDb.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
-	}
-	from.SetBalance(math.MaxBig256)
-
-	vmstate := light.NewVMState(ctx, stateDb)
 	context := core.NewEVMContext(msg, header, b.eth.blockchain, nil)
-	return vm.NewEVM(context, vmstate, b.eth.chainConfig, vmCfg), vmstate.Error, nil
+	return vm.NewEVM(context, state, b.eth.chainConfig, vmCfg), state.Error, nil
 }
 
 func (b *LesApiBackend) SendTx(ctx context.Context, signedTx *types.Transaction) error {

les/odr_test.go

@@ -75,24 +75,23 @@ func odrAccounts(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, config *params.ChainCon
 	dummyAddr := common.HexToAddress("1234567812345678123456781234567812345678")
 	acc := []common.Address{testBankAddress, acc1Addr, acc2Addr, dummyAddr}
 
-	var res []byte
+	var (
+		res []byte
+		st  *state.StateDB
+		err error
+	)
 	for _, addr := range acc {
 		if bc != nil {
 			header := bc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
-			st, err := state.New(header.Root, db)
+			st, err = state.New(header.Root, state.NewDatabase(db))
-			if err == nil {
-				bal := st.GetBalance(addr)
-				rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bal)
-				res = append(res, rlp...)
-			}
 		} else {
 			header := lc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
-			st := light.NewLightState(light.StateTrieID(header), lc.Odr())
+			st = light.NewState(ctx, header, lc.Odr())
-			bal, err := st.GetBalance(ctx, addr)
+		}
-			if err == nil {
+		if err == nil {
-				rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bal)
+			bal := st.GetBalance(addr)
-				res = append(res, rlp...)
+			rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bal)
-			}
+			res = append(res, rlp...)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ func odrContractCall(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, config *params.Chai
 		data[35] = byte(i)
 		if bc != nil {
 			header := bc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
-			statedb, err := state.New(header.Root, db)
+			statedb, err := state.New(header.Root, state.NewDatabase(db))
 
 			if err == nil {
 				from := statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(testBankAddress)
@@ -133,23 +132,15 @@ func odrContractCall(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, config *params.Chai
 			}
 		} else {
 			header := lc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
-			state := light.NewLightState(light.StateTrieID(header), lc.Odr())
+			state := light.NewState(ctx, header, lc.Odr())
-			vmstate := light.NewVMState(ctx, state)
+			state.SetBalance(testBankAddress, math.MaxBig256)
-			from, err := state.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, testBankAddress)
+			msg := callmsg{types.NewMessage(testBankAddress, &testContractAddr, 0, new(big.Int), big.NewInt(100000), new(big.Int), data, false)}
-			if err == nil {
+			context := core.NewEVMContext(msg, header, lc, nil)
-				from.SetBalance(math.MaxBig256)
+			vmenv := vm.NewEVM(context, state, config, vm.Config{})
-
+			gp := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MaxBig256)
-				msg := callmsg{types.NewMessage(from.Address(), &testContractAddr, 0, new(big.Int), big.NewInt(100000), new(big.Int), data, false)}
+			ret, _, _ := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, gp)
-
+			if state.Error() == nil {
-				context := core.NewEVMContext(msg, header, lc, nil)
+				res = append(res, ret...)
-				vmenv := vm.NewEVM(context, vmstate, config, vm.Config{})
-
-				//vmenv := light.NewEnv(ctx, state, config, lc, msg, header, vm.Config{})
-				gp := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MaxBig256)
-				ret, _, _ := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, gp)
-				if vmstate.Error() == nil {
-					res = append(res, ret...)
-				}
 			}
 		}
 	}

les/request_test.go

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func tfCodeAccess(db ethdb.Database, bhash common.Hash, number uint64) light.Odr
 		return nil
 	}
 	sti := light.StateTrieID(header)
-	ci := light.StorageTrieID(sti, testContractAddr, common.Hash{})
+	ci := light.StorageTrieID(sti, crypto.Keccak256Hash(testContractAddr[:]), common.Hash{})
 	return &light.CodeRequest{Id: ci, Hash: crypto.Keccak256Hash(testContractCodeDeployed)}
 }
 

light/lightchain.go

@@ -180,11 +180,6 @@ func (self *LightChain) Status() (td *big.Int, currentBlock common.Hash, genesis
 	return self.GetTd(hash, header.Number.Uint64()), hash, self.genesisBlock.Hash()
 }
 
-// State returns a new mutable state based on the current HEAD block.
-func (self *LightChain) State() *LightState {
-	return NewLightState(StateTrieID(self.hc.CurrentHeader()), self.odr)
-}
-
 // Reset purges the entire blockchain, restoring it to its genesis state.
 func (bc *LightChain) Reset() {
 	bc.ResetWithGenesisBlock(bc.genesisBlock)

light/odr.go

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import (
 // service is not required.
 var NoOdr = context.Background()
 
-// OdrBackend is an interface to a backend service that handles ODR retrievals
+// OdrBackend is an interface to a backend service that handles ODR retrievals type
 type OdrBackend interface {
 	Database() ethdb.Database
 	Retrieve(ctx context.Context, req OdrRequest) error
@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ func StateTrieID(header *types.Header) *TrieID {
 // StorageTrieID returns a TrieID for a contract storage trie at a given account
 // of a given state trie. It also requires the root hash of the trie for
 // checking Merkle proofs.
-func StorageTrieID(state *TrieID, addr common.Address, root common.Hash) *TrieID {
+func StorageTrieID(state *TrieID, addrHash, root common.Hash) *TrieID {
 	return &TrieID{
 		BlockHash:   state.BlockHash,
 		BlockNumber: state.BlockNumber,
-		AccKey:      crypto.Keccak256(addr[:]),
+		AccKey:      addrHash[:],
 		Root:        root,
 	}
 }
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func storeProof(db ethdb.Database, proof []rlp.RawValue) {
 // CodeRequest is the ODR request type for retrieving contract code
 type CodeRequest struct {
 	OdrRequest
-	Id   *TrieID
+	Id   *TrieID // references storage trie of the account
 	Hash common.Hash
 	Data []byte
 }

light/odr_test.go

@@ -86,11 +86,11 @@ func (odr *testOdr) Retrieve(ctx context.Context, req OdrRequest) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-type odrTestFn func(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) []byte
+type odrTestFn func(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) ([]byte, error)
 
-func TestOdrGetBlockLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, 1, odrGetBlock) }
+func TestOdrGetBlockLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, odrGetBlock) }
 
-func odrGetBlock(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) []byte {
+func odrGetBlock(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	var block *types.Block
 	if bc != nil {
 		block = bc.GetBlockByHash(bhash)
@@ -98,15 +98,15 @@ func odrGetBlock(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc
 		block, _ = lc.GetBlockByHash(ctx, bhash)
 	}
 	if block == nil {
-		return nil
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 	rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(block)
-	return rlp
+	return rlp, nil
 }
 
-func TestOdrGetReceiptsLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, 1, odrGetReceipts) }
+func TestOdrGetReceiptsLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, odrGetReceipts) }
 
-func odrGetReceipts(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) []byte {
+func odrGetReceipts(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	var receipts types.Receipts
 	if bc != nil {
 		receipts = core.GetBlockReceipts(db, bhash, core.GetBlockNumber(db, bhash))
@@ -114,43 +114,37 @@ func odrGetReceipts(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain,
 		receipts, _ = GetBlockReceipts(ctx, lc.Odr(), bhash, core.GetBlockNumber(db, bhash))
 	}
 	if receipts == nil {
-		return nil
+		return nil, nil
 	}
 	rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(receipts)
-	return rlp
+	return rlp, nil
 }
 
-func TestOdrAccountsLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, 1, odrAccounts) }
+func TestOdrAccountsLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, odrAccounts) }
 
-func odrAccounts(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) []byte {
+func odrAccounts(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	dummyAddr := common.HexToAddress("1234567812345678123456781234567812345678")
 	acc := []common.Address{testBankAddress, acc1Addr, acc2Addr, dummyAddr}
 
+	var st *state.StateDB
+	if bc == nil {
+		header := lc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
+		st = NewState(ctx, header, lc.Odr())
+	} else {
+		header := bc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
+		st, _ = state.New(header.Root, state.NewDatabase(db))
+	}
+
 	var res []byte
 	for _, addr := range acc {
-		if bc != nil {
+		bal := st.GetBalance(addr)
-			header := bc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
+		rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bal)
-			st, err := state.New(header.Root, db)
+		res = append(res, rlp...)
-			if err == nil {
-				bal := st.GetBalance(addr)
-				rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bal)
-				res = append(res, rlp...)
-			}
-		} else {
-			header := lc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
-			st := NewLightState(StateTrieID(header), lc.Odr())
-			bal, err := st.GetBalance(ctx, addr)
-			if err == nil {
-				rlp, _ := rlp.EncodeToBytes(bal)
-				res = append(res, rlp...)
-			}
-		}
 	}
-
+	return res, st.Error()
-	return res
 }
 
-func TestOdrContractCallLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, 2, odrContractCall) }
+func TestOdrContractCallLes1(t *testing.T) { testChainOdr(t, 1, odrContractCall) }
 
 type callmsg struct {
 	types.Message
@@ -158,50 +152,42 @@ type callmsg struct {
 
 func (callmsg) CheckNonce() bool { return false }
 
-func odrContractCall(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) []byte {
+func odrContractCall(ctx context.Context, db ethdb.Database, bc *core.BlockChain, lc *LightChain, bhash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
 	data := common.Hex2Bytes("60CD26850000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000")
-
 	config := params.TestChainConfig
 
 	var res []byte
 	for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
 		data[35] = byte(i)
-		if bc != nil {
-			header := bc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
-			statedb, err := state.New(header.Root, db)
-			if err == nil {
-				from := statedb.GetOrNewStateObject(testBankAddress)
-				from.SetBalance(math.MaxBig256)
-
-				msg := callmsg{types.NewMessage(from.Address(), &testContractAddr, 0, new(big.Int), big.NewInt(1000000), new(big.Int), data, false)}
 
-				context := core.NewEVMContext(msg, header, bc, nil)
+		var (
-				vmenv := vm.NewEVM(context, statedb, config, vm.Config{})
+			st     *state.StateDB
-
+			header *types.Header
-				gp := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MaxBig256)
+			chain  core.ChainContext
-				ret, _, _ := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, gp)
+		)
-				res = append(res, ret...)
+		if bc == nil {
-			}
+			chain = lc
+			header = lc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
+			st = NewState(ctx, header, lc.Odr())
 		} else {
-			header := lc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
+			chain = bc
-			state := NewLightState(StateTrieID(header), lc.Odr())
+			header = bc.GetHeaderByHash(bhash)
-			vmstate := NewVMState(ctx, state)
+			st, _ = state.New(header.Root, state.NewDatabase(db))
-			from, err := state.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, testBankAddress)
+		}
-			if err == nil {
+
-				from.SetBalance(math.MaxBig256)
+		// Perform read-only call.
-
+		st.SetBalance(testBankAddress, math.MaxBig256)
-				msg := callmsg{types.NewMessage(from.Address(), &testContractAddr, 0, new(big.Int), big.NewInt(1000000), new(big.Int), data, false)}
+		msg := callmsg{types.NewMessage(testBankAddress, &testContractAddr, 0, new(big.Int), big.NewInt(1000000), new(big.Int), data, false)}
-				context := core.NewEVMContext(msg, header, lc, nil)
+		context := core.NewEVMContext(msg, header, chain, nil)
-				vmenv := vm.NewEVM(context, vmstate, config, vm.Config{})
+		vmenv := vm.NewEVM(context, st, config, vm.Config{})
-				gp := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MaxBig256)
+		gp := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MaxBig256)
-				ret, _, _ := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, gp)
+		ret, _, _ := core.ApplyMessage(vmenv, msg, gp)
-				if vmstate.Error() == nil {
+		res = append(res, ret...)
-					res = append(res, ret...)
+		if st.Error() != nil {
-				}
+			return res, st.Error()
-			}
 		}
 	}
-	return res
+	return res, nil
 }
 
 func testChainGen(i int, block *core.BlockGen) {
@@ -245,7 +231,7 @@ func testChainGen(i int, block *core.BlockGen) {
 	}
 }
 
-func testChainOdr(t *testing.T, protocol int, expFail uint64, fn odrTestFn) {
+func testChainOdr(t *testing.T, protocol int, fn odrTestFn) {
 	var (
 		evmux   = new(event.TypeMux)
 		sdb, _  = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
@@ -258,46 +244,58 @@ func testChainOdr(t *testing.T, protocol int, expFail uint64, fn odrTestFn) {
 	blockchain, _ := core.NewBlockChain(sdb, params.TestChainConfig, ethash.NewFullFaker(), evmux, vm.Config{})
 	gchain, _ := core.GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, genesis, sdb, 4, testChainGen)
 	if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(gchain); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
+		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
 	odr := &testOdr{sdb: sdb, ldb: ldb}
-	lightchain, _ := NewLightChain(odr, params.TestChainConfig, ethash.NewFullFaker(), evmux)
+	lightchain, err := NewLightChain(odr, params.TestChainConfig, ethash.NewFullFaker(), evmux)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
 	headers := make([]*types.Header, len(gchain))
 	for i, block := range gchain {
 		headers[i] = block.Header()
 	}
 	if _, err := lightchain.InsertHeaderChain(headers, 1); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
+		t.Fatal(err)
 	}
 
-	test := func(expFail uint64) {
+	test := func(expFail int) {
 		for i := uint64(0); i <= blockchain.CurrentHeader().Number.Uint64(); i++ {
 			bhash := core.GetCanonicalHash(sdb, i)
-			b1 := fn(NoOdr, sdb, blockchain, nil, bhash)
+			b1, err := fn(NoOdr, sdb, blockchain, nil, bhash)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("error in full-node test for block %d: %v", i, err)
+			}
 
 			ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), 200*time.Millisecond)
 			defer cancel()
-			b2 := fn(ctx, ldb, nil, lightchain, bhash)
+
+			exp := i < uint64(expFail)
+			b2, err := fn(ctx, ldb, nil, lightchain, bhash)
+			if err != nil && exp {
+				t.Errorf("error in ODR test for block %d: %v", i, err)
+			}
 
 			eq := bytes.Equal(b1, b2)
-			exp := i < expFail
 			if exp && !eq {
-				t.Errorf("odr mismatch")
+				t.Errorf("ODR test output for block %d doesn't match full node", i)
-			}
-			if !exp && eq {
-				t.Errorf("unexpected odr match")
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
-	odr.disable = true
 	// expect retrievals to fail (except genesis block) without a les peer
-	test(expFail)
+	t.Log("checking without ODR")
-	odr.disable = false
-	// expect all retrievals to pass
-	test(5)
 	odr.disable = true
+	test(1)
+
+	// expect all retrievals to pass with ODR enabled
+	t.Log("checking with ODR")
+	odr.disable = false
+	test(len(gchain))
+
 	// still expect all retrievals to pass, now data should be cached locally
-	test(5)
+	t.Log("checking without ODR, should be cached")
+	odr.disable = true
+	test(len(gchain))
 }

light/odr_util.go

@@ -106,25 +106,6 @@ func GetCanonicalHash(ctx context.Context, odr OdrBackend, number uint64) (commo
 	return common.Hash{}, err
 }
 
-// retrieveContractCode tries to retrieve the contract code of the given account
-// with the given hash from the network (id points to the storage trie belonging
-// to the same account)
-func retrieveContractCode(ctx context.Context, odr OdrBackend, id *TrieID, hash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
-	if hash == sha3_nil {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-	res, _ := odr.Database().Get(hash[:])
-	if res != nil {
-		return res, nil
-	}
-	r := &CodeRequest{Id: id, Hash: hash}
-	if err := odr.Retrieve(ctx, r); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	} else {
-		return r.Data, nil
-	}
-}
-
 // GetBodyRLP retrieves the block body (transactions and uncles) in RLP encoding.
 func GetBodyRLP(ctx context.Context, odr OdrBackend, hash common.Hash, number uint64) (rlp.RawValue, error) {
 	if data := core.GetBodyRLP(odr.Database(), hash, number); data != nil {

light/state.go

@@ -1,316 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package light
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"math/big"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
-)
-
-// LightState is a memory representation of a state.
-// This version is ODR capable, caching only the already accessed part of the
-// state, retrieving unknown parts on-demand from the ODR backend. Changes are
-// never stored in the local database, only in the memory objects.
-type LightState struct {
-	odr          OdrBackend
-	trie         *LightTrie
-	id           *TrieID
-	stateObjects map[string]*StateObject
-	refund       *big.Int
-}
-
-// NewLightState creates a new LightState with the specified root.
-// Note that the creation of a light state is always successful, even if the
-// root is non-existent. In that case, ODR retrieval will always be unsuccessful
-// and every operation will return with an error or wait for the context to be
-// cancelled.
-func NewLightState(id *TrieID, odr OdrBackend) *LightState {
-	var tr *LightTrie
-	if id != nil {
-		tr = NewLightTrie(id, odr, true)
-	}
-	return &LightState{
-		odr:          odr,
-		trie:         tr,
-		id:           id,
-		stateObjects: make(map[string]*StateObject),
-		refund:       new(big.Int),
-	}
-}
-
-// AddRefund adds an amount to the refund value collected during a vm execution
-func (self *LightState) AddRefund(gas *big.Int) {
-	self.refund.Add(self.refund, gas)
-}
-
-// HasAccount returns true if an account exists at the given address
-func (self *LightState) HasAccount(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (bool, error) {
-	so, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	return so != nil, err
-}
-
-// GetBalance retrieves the balance from the given address or 0 if the account does
-// not exist
-func (self *LightState) GetBalance(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (*big.Int, error) {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return common.Big0, err
-	}
-	if stateObject != nil {
-		return stateObject.balance, nil
-	}
-
-	return common.Big0, nil
-}
-
-// GetNonce returns the nonce at the given address or 0 if the account does
-// not exist
-func (self *LightState) GetNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (uint64, error) {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, err
-	}
-	if stateObject != nil {
-		return stateObject.nonce, nil
-	}
-	return 0, nil
-}
-
-// GetCode returns the contract code at the given address or nil if the account
-// does not exist
-func (self *LightState) GetCode(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) ([]byte, error) {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if stateObject != nil {
-		return stateObject.code, nil
-	}
-	return nil, nil
-}
-
-// GetState returns the contract storage value at storage address b from the
-// contract address a or common.Hash{} if the account does not exist
-func (self *LightState) GetState(ctx context.Context, a common.Address, b common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, a)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		return stateObject.GetState(ctx, b)
-	}
-	return common.Hash{}, err
-}
-
-// HasSuicided returns true if the given account has been marked for deletion
-// or false if the account does not exist
-func (self *LightState) HasSuicided(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (bool, error) {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		return stateObject.remove, nil
-	}
-	return false, err
-}
-
-/*
- * SETTERS
- */
-
-// AddBalance adds the given amount to the balance of the specified account
-func (self *LightState) AddBalance(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address, amount *big.Int) error {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		stateObject.AddBalance(amount)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-// SubBalance adds the given amount to the balance of the specified account
-func (self *LightState) SubBalance(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address, amount *big.Int) error {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		stateObject.SubBalance(amount)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-// SetNonce sets the nonce of the specified account
-func (self *LightState) SetNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address, nonce uint64) error {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		stateObject.SetNonce(nonce)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-// SetCode sets the contract code at the specified account
-func (self *LightState) SetCode(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address, code []byte) error {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		stateObject.SetCode(crypto.Keccak256Hash(code), code)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-// SetState sets the storage value at storage address key of the account addr
-func (self *LightState) SetState(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address, key common.Hash, value common.Hash) error {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		stateObject.SetState(key, value)
-	}
-	return err
-}
-
-// Delete marks an account to be removed and clears its balance
-func (self *LightState) Suicide(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (bool, error) {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetOrNewStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && stateObject != nil {
-		stateObject.MarkForDeletion()
-		stateObject.balance = new(big.Int)
-
-		return true, nil
-	}
-
-	return false, err
-}
-
-//
-// Get, set, new state object methods
-//
-
-// GetStateObject returns the state object of the given account or nil if the
-// account does not exist
-func (self *LightState) GetStateObject(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (stateObject *StateObject, err error) {
-	stateObject = self.stateObjects[addr.Str()]
-	if stateObject != nil {
-		if stateObject.deleted {
-			stateObject = nil
-		}
-		return stateObject, nil
-	}
-	data, err := self.trie.Get(ctx, addr[:])
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if len(data) == 0 {
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	stateObject, err = DecodeObject(ctx, self.id, addr, self.odr, []byte(data))
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	self.SetStateObject(stateObject)
-
-	return stateObject, nil
-}
-
-// SetStateObject sets the state object of the given account
-func (self *LightState) SetStateObject(object *StateObject) {
-	self.stateObjects[object.Address().Str()] = object
-}
-
-// GetOrNewStateObject returns the state object of the given account or creates a
-// new one if the account does not exist
-func (self *LightState) GetOrNewStateObject(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (*StateObject, error) {
-	stateObject, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err == nil && (stateObject == nil || stateObject.deleted) {
-		stateObject, err = self.CreateStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	}
-	return stateObject, err
-}
-
-// newStateObject creates a state object whether it exists in the state or not
-func (self *LightState) newStateObject(addr common.Address) *StateObject {
-	stateObject := NewStateObject(addr, self.odr)
-	self.stateObjects[addr.Str()] = stateObject
-
-	return stateObject
-}
-
-// CreateStateObject creates creates a new state object and takes ownership.
-// This is different from "NewStateObject"
-func (self *LightState) CreateStateObject(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (*StateObject, error) {
-	// Get previous (if any)
-	so, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	// Create a new one
-	newSo := self.newStateObject(addr)
-
-	// If it existed set the balance to the new account
-	if so != nil {
-		newSo.balance = so.balance
-	}
-
-	return newSo, nil
-}
-
-// ForEachStorage calls a callback function for every key/value pair found
-// in the local storage cache. Note that unlike core/state.StateObject,
-// light.StateObject only returns cached values and doesn't download the
-// entire storage tree.
-func (self *LightState) ForEachStorage(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address, cb func(key, value common.Hash) bool) error {
-	so, err := self.GetStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if so == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	for h, v := range so.storage {
-		cb(h, v)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-//
-// Setting, copying of the state methods
-//
-
-// Copy creates a copy of the state
-func (self *LightState) Copy() *LightState {
-	// ignore error - we assume state-to-be-copied always exists
-	state := NewLightState(nil, self.odr)
-	state.trie = self.trie
-	state.id = self.id
-	for k, stateObject := range self.stateObjects {
-		if stateObject.dirty {
-			state.stateObjects[k] = stateObject.Copy()
-		}
-	}
-
-	state.refund.Set(self.refund)
-	return state
-}
-
-// Set copies the contents of the given state onto this state, overwriting
-// its contents
-func (self *LightState) Set(state *LightState) {
-	self.trie = state.trie
-	self.stateObjects = state.stateObjects
-	self.refund = state.refund
-}
-
-// GetRefund returns the refund value collected during a vm execution
-func (self *LightState) GetRefund() *big.Int {
-	return self.refund
-}

light/state_object.go

@@ -1,275 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package light
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"fmt"
-	"math/big"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/rlp"
-)
-
-var emptyCodeHash = crypto.Keccak256(nil)
-
-// Code represents a contract code in binary form
-type Code []byte
-
-// String returns a string representation of the code
-func (self Code) String() string {
-	return string(self) //strings.Join(Disassemble(self), " ")
-}
-
-// Storage is a memory map cache of a contract storage
-type Storage map[common.Hash]common.Hash
-
-// String returns a string representation of the storage cache
-func (self Storage) String() (str string) {
-	for key, value := range self {
-		str += fmt.Sprintf("%X : %X\n", key, value)
-	}
-
-	return
-}
-
-// Copy copies the contents of a storage cache
-func (self Storage) Copy() Storage {
-	cpy := make(Storage)
-	for key, value := range self {
-		cpy[key] = value
-	}
-
-	return cpy
-}
-
-// StateObject is a memory representation of an account or contract and its storage.
-// This version is ODR capable, caching only the already accessed part of the
-// storage, retrieving unknown parts on-demand from the ODR backend. Changes are
-// never stored in the local database, only in the memory objects.
-type StateObject struct {
-	odr  OdrBackend
-	trie *LightTrie
-
-	// Address belonging to this account
-	address common.Address
-	// The balance of the account
-	balance *big.Int
-	// The nonce of the account
-	nonce uint64
-	// The code hash if code is present (i.e. a contract)
-	codeHash []byte
-	// The code for this account
-	code Code
-	// Cached storage (flushed when updated)
-	storage Storage
-
-	// Mark for deletion
-	// When an object is marked for deletion it will be delete from the trie
-	// during the "update" phase of the state transition
-	remove  bool
-	deleted bool
-	dirty   bool
-}
-
-// NewStateObject creates a new StateObject of the specified account address
-func NewStateObject(address common.Address, odr OdrBackend) *StateObject {
-	object := &StateObject{
-		odr:      odr,
-		address:  address,
-		balance:  new(big.Int),
-		dirty:    true,
-		codeHash: emptyCodeHash,
-		storage:  make(Storage),
-	}
-	object.trie = NewLightTrie(&TrieID{}, odr, true)
-	return object
-}
-
-// MarkForDeletion marks an account to be removed
-func (self *StateObject) MarkForDeletion() {
-	self.remove = true
-	self.dirty = true
-}
-
-// getAddr gets the storage value at the given address from the trie
-func (c *StateObject) getAddr(ctx context.Context, addr common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
-	var ret []byte
-	val, err := c.trie.Get(ctx, addr[:])
-	if err != nil {
-		return common.Hash{}, err
-	}
-	rlp.DecodeBytes(val, &ret)
-	return common.BytesToHash(ret), nil
-}
-
-// Storage returns the storage cache object of the account
-func (self *StateObject) Storage() Storage {
-	return self.storage
-}
-
-// GetState returns the storage value at the given address from either the cache
-// or the trie
-func (self *StateObject) GetState(ctx context.Context, key common.Hash) (common.Hash, error) {
-	value, exists := self.storage[key]
-	if !exists {
-		var err error
-		value, err = self.getAddr(ctx, key)
-		if err != nil {
-			return common.Hash{}, err
-		}
-		if (value != common.Hash{}) {
-			self.storage[key] = value
-		}
-	}
-
-	return value, nil
-}
-
-// SetState sets the storage value at the given address
-func (self *StateObject) SetState(k, value common.Hash) {
-	self.storage[k] = value
-	self.dirty = true
-}
-
-// AddBalance adds the given amount to the account balance
-func (c *StateObject) AddBalance(amount *big.Int) {
-	c.SetBalance(new(big.Int).Add(c.balance, amount))
-}
-
-// SubBalance subtracts the given amount from the account balance
-func (c *StateObject) SubBalance(amount *big.Int) {
-	c.SetBalance(new(big.Int).Sub(c.balance, amount))
-}
-
-// SetBalance sets the account balance to the given amount
-func (c *StateObject) SetBalance(amount *big.Int) {
-	c.balance = amount
-	c.dirty = true
-}
-
-// ReturnGas returns the gas back to the origin. Used by the Virtual machine or Closures
-func (c *StateObject) ReturnGas(gas *big.Int) {}
-
-// Copy creates a copy of the state object
-func (self *StateObject) Copy() *StateObject {
-	stateObject := NewStateObject(self.Address(), self.odr)
-	stateObject.balance.Set(self.balance)
-	stateObject.codeHash = common.CopyBytes(self.codeHash)
-	stateObject.nonce = self.nonce
-	stateObject.trie = self.trie
-	stateObject.code = self.code
-	stateObject.storage = self.storage.Copy()
-	stateObject.remove = self.remove
-	stateObject.dirty = self.dirty
-	stateObject.deleted = self.deleted
-
-	return stateObject
-}
-
-//
-// Attribute accessors
-//
-
-// empty returns whether the account is considered empty.
-func (self *StateObject) empty() bool {
-	return self.nonce == 0 && self.balance.Sign() == 0 && bytes.Equal(self.codeHash, emptyCodeHash)
-}
-
-// Balance returns the account balance
-func (self *StateObject) Balance() *big.Int {
-	return self.balance
-}
-
-// Address returns the address of the contract/account
-func (self *StateObject) Address() common.Address {
-	return self.address
-}
-
-// Code returns the contract code
-func (self *StateObject) Code() []byte {
-	return self.code
-}
-
-// SetCode sets the contract code
-func (self *StateObject) SetCode(hash common.Hash, code []byte) {
-	self.code = code
-	self.codeHash = hash[:]
-	self.dirty = true
-}
-
-// SetNonce sets the account nonce
-func (self *StateObject) SetNonce(nonce uint64) {
-	self.nonce = nonce
-	self.dirty = true
-}
-
-// Nonce returns the account nonce
-func (self *StateObject) Nonce() uint64 {
-	return self.nonce
-}
-
-// ForEachStorage calls a callback function for every key/value pair found
-// in the local storage cache. Note that unlike core/state.StateObject,
-// light.StateObject only returns cached values and doesn't download the
-// entire storage tree.
-func (self *StateObject) ForEachStorage(cb func(key, value common.Hash) bool) {
-	for h, v := range self.storage {
-		cb(h, v)
-	}
-}
-
-// Never called, but must be present to allow StateObject to be used
-// as a vm.Account interface that also satisfies the vm.ContractRef
-// interface. Interfaces are awesome.
-func (self *StateObject) Value() *big.Int {
-	panic("Value on StateObject should never be called")
-}
-
-// Encoding
-
-type extStateObject struct {
-	Nonce    uint64
-	Balance  *big.Int
-	Root     common.Hash
-	CodeHash []byte
-}
-
-// DecodeObject decodes an RLP-encoded state object.
-func DecodeObject(ctx context.Context, stateID *TrieID, address common.Address, odr OdrBackend, data []byte) (*StateObject, error) {
-	var (
-		obj = &StateObject{address: address, odr: odr, storage: make(Storage)}
-		ext extStateObject
-		err error
-	)
-	if err = rlp.DecodeBytes(data, &ext); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	trieID := StorageTrieID(stateID, address, ext.Root)
-	obj.trie = NewLightTrie(trieID, odr, true)
-	if !bytes.Equal(ext.CodeHash, emptyCodeHash) {
-		if obj.code, err = retrieveContractCode(ctx, obj.odr, trieID, common.BytesToHash(ext.CodeHash)); err != nil {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't find code for hash %x: %v", ext.CodeHash, err)
-		}
-	}
-	obj.nonce = ext.Nonce
-	obj.balance = ext.Balance
-	obj.codeHash = ext.CodeHash
-	return obj, nil
-}

light/state_test.go

@@ -1,248 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package light
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"context"
-	"math/big"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
-)
-
-func makeTestState() (common.Hash, ethdb.Database) {
-	sdb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	st, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, sdb)
-	for i := byte(0); i < 100; i++ {
-		addr := common.Address{i}
-		for j := byte(0); j < 100; j++ {
-			st.SetState(addr, common.Hash{j}, common.Hash{i, j})
-		}
-		st.SetNonce(addr, 100)
-		st.AddBalance(addr, big.NewInt(int64(i)))
-		st.SetCode(addr, []byte{i, i, i})
-	}
-	root, _ := st.Commit(false)
-	return root, sdb
-}
-
-func TestLightStateOdr(t *testing.T) {
-	root, sdb := makeTestState()
-	header := &types.Header{Root: root, Number: big.NewInt(0)}
-	core.WriteHeader(sdb, header)
-	ldb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	odr := &testOdr{sdb: sdb, ldb: ldb}
-	ls := NewLightState(StateTrieID(header), odr)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	for i := byte(0); i < 100; i++ {
-		addr := common.Address{i}
-		err := ls.AddBalance(ctx, addr, big.NewInt(1000))
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error adding balance to acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		err = ls.SetState(ctx, addr, common.Hash{100}, common.Hash{i, 100})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error setting storage of acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	addr := common.Address{100}
-	_, err := ls.CreateStateObject(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Error creating state object: %v", err)
-	}
-	err = ls.SetCode(ctx, addr, []byte{100, 100, 100})
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Error setting code: %v", err)
-	}
-	err = ls.AddBalance(ctx, addr, big.NewInt(1100))
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Error adding balance to acc[100]: %v", err)
-	}
-	for j := byte(0); j < 101; j++ {
-		err = ls.SetState(ctx, addr, common.Hash{j}, common.Hash{100, j})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error setting storage of acc[100]: %v", err)
-		}
-	}
-	err = ls.SetNonce(ctx, addr, 100)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Error setting nonce for acc[100]: %v", err)
-	}
-
-	for i := byte(0); i < 101; i++ {
-		addr := common.Address{i}
-
-		bal, err := ls.GetBalance(ctx, addr)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error getting balance of acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if bal.Int64() != int64(i)+1000 {
-			t.Fatalf("Incorrect balance at acc[%d]: expected %v, got %v", i, int64(i)+1000, bal.Int64())
-		}
-
-		nonce, err := ls.GetNonce(ctx, addr)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error getting nonce of acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if nonce != 100 {
-			t.Fatalf("Incorrect nonce at acc[%d]: expected %v, got %v", i, 100, nonce)
-		}
-
-		code, err := ls.GetCode(ctx, addr)
-		exp := []byte{i, i, i}
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error getting code of acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if !bytes.Equal(code, exp) {
-			t.Fatalf("Incorrect code at acc[%d]: expected %v, got %v", i, exp, code)
-		}
-
-		for j := byte(0); j < 101; j++ {
-			exp := common.Hash{i, j}
-			val, err := ls.GetState(ctx, addr, common.Hash{j})
-			if err != nil {
-				t.Fatalf("Error retrieving acc[%d].storage[%d]: %v", i, j, err)
-			}
-			if val != exp {
-				t.Fatalf("Retrieved wrong value from acc[%d].storage[%d]: expected %04x, got %04x", i, j, exp, val)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLightStateSetCopy(t *testing.T) {
-	root, sdb := makeTestState()
-	header := &types.Header{Root: root, Number: big.NewInt(0)}
-	core.WriteHeader(sdb, header)
-	ldb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	odr := &testOdr{sdb: sdb, ldb: ldb}
-	ls := NewLightState(StateTrieID(header), odr)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	for i := byte(0); i < 100; i++ {
-		addr := common.Address{i}
-		err := ls.AddBalance(ctx, addr, big.NewInt(1000))
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error adding balance to acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		err = ls.SetState(ctx, addr, common.Hash{100}, common.Hash{i, 100})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error setting storage of acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	ls2 := ls.Copy()
-
-	for i := byte(0); i < 100; i++ {
-		addr := common.Address{i}
-		err := ls2.AddBalance(ctx, addr, big.NewInt(1000))
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error adding balance to acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		err = ls2.SetState(ctx, addr, common.Hash{100}, common.Hash{i, 200})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error setting storage of acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-	}
-
-	lsx := ls.Copy()
-	ls.Set(ls2)
-	ls2.Set(lsx)
-
-	for i := byte(0); i < 100; i++ {
-		addr := common.Address{i}
-		// check balance in ls
-		bal, err := ls.GetBalance(ctx, addr)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error getting balance to acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if bal.Int64() != int64(i)+2000 {
-			t.Fatalf("Incorrect balance at ls.acc[%d]: expected %v, got %v", i, int64(i)+1000, bal.Int64())
-		}
-		// check balance in ls2
-		bal, err = ls2.GetBalance(ctx, addr)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error getting balance to acc[%d]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if bal.Int64() != int64(i)+1000 {
-			t.Fatalf("Incorrect balance at ls.acc[%d]: expected %v, got %v", i, int64(i)+1000, bal.Int64())
-		}
-		// check storage in ls
-		exp := common.Hash{i, 200}
-		val, err := ls.GetState(ctx, addr, common.Hash{100})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error retrieving acc[%d].storage[100]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if val != exp {
-			t.Fatalf("Retrieved wrong value from acc[%d].storage[100]: expected %04x, got %04x", i, exp, val)
-		}
-		// check storage in ls2
-		exp = common.Hash{i, 100}
-		val, err = ls2.GetState(ctx, addr, common.Hash{100})
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Error retrieving acc[%d].storage[100]: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if val != exp {
-			t.Fatalf("Retrieved wrong value from acc[%d].storage[100]: expected %04x, got %04x", i, exp, val)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestLightStateDelete(t *testing.T) {
-	root, sdb := makeTestState()
-	header := &types.Header{Root: root, Number: big.NewInt(0)}
-	core.WriteHeader(sdb, header)
-	ldb, _ := ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
-	odr := &testOdr{sdb: sdb, ldb: ldb}
-	ls := NewLightState(StateTrieID(header), odr)
-	ctx := context.Background()
-
-	addr := common.Address{42}
-
-	b, err := ls.HasAccount(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("HasAccount error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if !b {
-		t.Fatalf("HasAccount returned false, expected true")
-	}
-
-	b, err = ls.HasSuicided(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("HasSuicided error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if b {
-		t.Fatalf("HasSuicided returned true, expected false")
-	}
-
-	ls.Suicide(ctx, addr)
-
-	b, err = ls.HasSuicided(ctx, addr)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("HasSuicided error: %v", err)
-	}
-	if !b {
-		t.Fatalf("HasSuicided returned false, expected true")
-	}
-}

light/trie.go

@@ -18,99 +18,216 @@ package light
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"fmt"
 
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
 )
 
-// LightTrie is an ODR-capable wrapper around trie.SecureTrie
+func NewState(ctx context.Context, head *types.Header, odr OdrBackend) *state.StateDB {
-type LightTrie struct {
+	state, _ := state.New(head.Root, NewStateDatabase(ctx, head, odr))
-	trie *trie.SecureTrie
+	return state
+}
+
+func NewStateDatabase(ctx context.Context, head *types.Header, odr OdrBackend) state.Database {
+	return &odrDatabase{ctx, StateTrieID(head), odr}
+}
+
+type odrDatabase struct {
+	ctx     context.Context
+	id      *TrieID
+	backend OdrBackend
+}
+
+func (db *odrDatabase) OpenTrie(root common.Hash) (state.Trie, error) {
+	return &odrTrie{db: db, id: db.id}, nil
+}
+
+func (db *odrDatabase) OpenStorageTrie(addrHash, root common.Hash) (state.Trie, error) {
+	return &odrTrie{db: db, id: StorageTrieID(db.id, addrHash, root)}, nil
+}
+
+func (db *odrDatabase) CopyTrie(t state.Trie) state.Trie {
+	switch t := t.(type) {
+	case *odrTrie:
+		cpy := &odrTrie{db: t.db, id: t.id}
+		if t.trie != nil {
+			cpytrie := *t.trie
+			cpy.trie = &cpytrie
+		}
+		return cpy
+	default:
+		panic(fmt.Errorf("unknown trie type %T", t))
+	}
+}
+
+func (db *odrDatabase) ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) ([]byte, error) {
+	if codeHash == sha3_nil {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+	if code, err := db.backend.Database().Get(codeHash[:]); err == nil {
+		return code, nil
+	}
+	id := *db.id
+	id.AccKey = addrHash[:]
+	req := &CodeRequest{Id: &id, Hash: codeHash}
+	err := db.backend.Retrieve(db.ctx, req)
+	return req.Data, err
+}
+
+func (db *odrDatabase) ContractCodeSize(addrHash, codeHash common.Hash) (int, error) {
+	code, err := db.ContractCode(addrHash, codeHash)
+	return len(code), err
+}
+
+type odrTrie struct {
+	db   *odrDatabase
 	id   *TrieID
-	odr  OdrBackend
+	trie *trie.Trie
-	db   ethdb.Database
+}
-}
+
-
+func (t *odrTrie) TryGet(key []byte) ([]byte, error) {
-// NewLightTrie creates a new LightTrie instance. It doesn't instantly try to
+	key = crypto.Keccak256(key)
-// access the db or network and retrieve the root node, it only initializes its
+	var res []byte
-// encapsulated SecureTrie at the first actual operation.
+	err := t.do(key, func() (err error) {
-func NewLightTrie(id *TrieID, odr OdrBackend, useFakeMap bool) *LightTrie {
+		res, err = t.trie.TryGet(key)
-	return &LightTrie{
+		return err
-		// SecureTrie is initialized before first request
+	})
-		id:  id,
+	return res, err
-		odr: odr,
+}
-		db:  odr.Database(),
+
+func (t *odrTrie) TryUpdate(key, value []byte) error {
+	key = crypto.Keccak256(key)
+	return t.do(key, func() error {
+		return t.trie.TryDelete(key)
+	})
+}
+
+func (t *odrTrie) TryDelete(key []byte) error {
+	key = crypto.Keccak256(key)
+	return t.do(key, func() error {
+		return t.trie.TryDelete(key)
+	})
+}
+
+func (t *odrTrie) CommitTo(db trie.DatabaseWriter) (common.Hash, error) {
+	if t.trie == nil {
+		return t.id.Root, nil
+	}
+	return t.trie.CommitTo(db)
+}
+
+func (t *odrTrie) Hash() common.Hash {
+	if t.trie == nil {
+		return t.id.Root
 	}
+	return t.trie.Hash()
+}
+
+func (t *odrTrie) NodeIterator(startkey []byte) trie.NodeIterator {
+	return newNodeIterator(t, startkey)
 }
 
-// retrieveKey retrieves a single key, returns true and stores nodes in local
+func (t *odrTrie) GetKey(sha []byte) []byte {
-// database if successful
+	return nil
-func (t *LightTrie) retrieveKey(ctx context.Context, key []byte) bool {
-	r := &TrieRequest{Id: t.id, Key: crypto.Keccak256(key)}
-	return t.odr.Retrieve(ctx, r) == nil
 }
 
 // do tries and retries to execute a function until it returns with no error or
 // an error type other than MissingNodeError
-func (t *LightTrie) do(ctx context.Context, key []byte, fn func() error) error {
+func (t *odrTrie) do(key []byte, fn func() error) error {
-	err := fn()
+	for {
-	for err != nil {
+		var err error
+		if t.trie == nil {
+			t.trie, err = trie.New(t.id.Root, t.db.backend.Database())
+		}
+		if err == nil {
+			err = fn()
+		}
 		if _, ok := err.(*trie.MissingNodeError); !ok {
 			return err
 		}
-		if !t.retrieveKey(ctx, key) {
+		r := &TrieRequest{Id: t.id, Key: key}
-			break
+		if err := t.db.backend.Retrieve(t.db.ctx, r); err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("can't fetch trie key %x: %v", key, err)
 		}
-		err = fn()
 	}
-	return err
 }
 
-// Get returns the value for key stored in the trie.
+type nodeIterator struct {
-// The value bytes must not be modified by the caller.
+	trie.NodeIterator
-func (t *LightTrie) Get(ctx context.Context, key []byte) (res []byte, err error) {
+	t   *odrTrie
-	err = t.do(ctx, key, func() (err error) {
+	err error
-		if t.trie == nil {
+}
-			t.trie, err = trie.NewSecure(t.id.Root, t.db, 0)
+
-		}
+func newNodeIterator(t *odrTrie, startkey []byte) trie.NodeIterator {
-		if err == nil {
+	it := &nodeIterator{t: t}
-			res, err = t.trie.TryGet(key)
+	// Open the actual non-ODR trie if that hasn't happened yet.
-		}
+	if t.trie == nil {
-		return
+		it.do(func() error {
+			t, err := trie.New(t.id.Root, t.db.backend.Database())
+			if err == nil {
+				it.t.trie = t
+			}
+			return err
+		})
+	}
+	it.do(func() error {
+		it.NodeIterator = it.t.trie.NodeIterator(startkey)
+		return it.NodeIterator.Error()
 	})
-	return
+	return it
 }
 
-// Update associates key with value in the trie. Subsequent calls to
+func (it *nodeIterator) Next(descend bool) bool {
-// Get will return value. If value has length zero, any existing value
+	var ok bool
-// is deleted from the trie and calls to Get will return nil.
+	it.do(func() error {
-//
+		ok = it.NodeIterator.Next(descend)
-// The value bytes must not be modified by the caller while they are
+		return it.NodeIterator.Error()
-// stored in the trie.
-func (t *LightTrie) Update(ctx context.Context, key, value []byte) (err error) {
-	err = t.do(ctx, key, func() (err error) {
-		if t.trie == nil {
-			t.trie, err = trie.NewSecure(t.id.Root, t.db, 0)
-		}
-		if err == nil {
-			err = t.trie.TryUpdate(key, value)
-		}
-		return
 	})
-	return
+	return ok
 }
 
-// Delete removes any existing value for key from the trie.
+// do runs fn and attempts to fill in missing nodes by retrieving.
-func (t *LightTrie) Delete(ctx context.Context, key []byte) (err error) {
+func (it *nodeIterator) do(fn func() error) {
-	err = t.do(ctx, key, func() (err error) {
+	var lasthash common.Hash
-		if t.trie == nil {
+	for {
-			t.trie, err = trie.NewSecure(t.id.Root, t.db, 0)
+		it.err = fn()
+		missing, ok := it.err.(*trie.MissingNodeError)
+		if !ok {
+			return
 		}
-		if err == nil {
+		if missing.NodeHash == lasthash {
-			err = t.trie.TryDelete(key)
+			it.err = fmt.Errorf("retrieve loop for trie node %x", missing.NodeHash)
+			return
 		}
-		return
+		lasthash = missing.NodeHash
-	})
+		r := &TrieRequest{Id: it.t.id, Key: nibblesToKey(missing.Path)}
-	return
+		if it.err = it.t.db.backend.Retrieve(it.t.db.ctx, r); it.err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (it *nodeIterator) Error() error {
+	if it.err != nil {
+		return it.err
+	}
+	return it.NodeIterator.Error()
+}
+
+func nibblesToKey(nib []byte) []byte {
+	if len(nib) > 0 && nib[len(nib)-1] == 0x10 {
+		nib = nib[:len(nib)-1] // drop terminator
+	}
+	if len(nib)&1 == 1 {
+		nib = append(nib, 0) // make even
+	}
+	key := make([]byte, len(nib)/2)
+	for bi, ni := 0, 0; ni < len(nib); bi, ni = bi+1, ni+2 {
+		key[bi] = nib[ni]<<4 | nib[ni+1]
+	}
+	return key
 }

light/trie_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+// Copyright 2017 The go-ethereum Authors
+// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+package light
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"context"
+	"fmt"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/davecgh/go-spew/spew"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/consensus/ethash"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/vm"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/params"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/trie"
+)
+
+func TestNodeIterator(t *testing.T) {
+	var (
+		fulldb, _  = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+		lightdb, _ = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
+		gspec      = core.Genesis{Alloc: core.GenesisAlloc{testBankAddress: {Balance: testBankFunds}}}
+		genesis    = gspec.MustCommit(fulldb)
+	)
+	gspec.MustCommit(lightdb)
+	blockchain, _ := core.NewBlockChain(fulldb, params.TestChainConfig, ethash.NewFullFaker(), new(event.TypeMux), vm.Config{})
+	gchain, _ := core.GenerateChain(params.TestChainConfig, genesis, fulldb, 4, testChainGen)
+	if _, err := blockchain.InsertChain(gchain); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	odr := &testOdr{sdb: fulldb, ldb: lightdb}
+	head := blockchain.CurrentHeader()
+	lightTrie, _ := NewStateDatabase(ctx, head, odr).OpenTrie(head.Root)
+	fullTrie, _ := state.NewDatabase(fulldb).OpenTrie(head.Root)
+	if err := diffTries(fullTrie, lightTrie); err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func diffTries(t1, t2 state.Trie) error {
+	i1 := trie.NewIterator(t1.NodeIterator(nil))
+	i2 := trie.NewIterator(t2.NodeIterator(nil))
+	for i1.Next() && i2.Next() {
+		if !bytes.Equal(i1.Key, i2.Key) {
+			spew.Dump(i2)
+			return fmt.Errorf("tries have different keys %x, %x", i1.Key, i2.Key)
+		}
+		if !bytes.Equal(i2.Value, i2.Value) {
+			return fmt.Errorf("tries differ at key %x", i1.Key)
+		}
+	}
+	switch {
+	case i1.Err != nil:
+		return fmt.Errorf("full trie iterator error: %v", i1.Err)
+	case i2.Err != nil:
+		return fmt.Errorf("light trie iterator error: %v", i1.Err)
+	case i1.Next():
+		return fmt.Errorf("full trie iterator has more k/v pairs")
+	case i2.Next():
+		return fmt.Errorf("light trie iterator has more k/v pairs")
+	}
+	return nil
+}

light/txpool.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core"
+	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/state"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/ethdb"
 	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/event"
@@ -100,17 +101,18 @@ func NewTxPool(config *params.ChainConfig, eventMux *event.TypeMux, chain *Light
 }
 
 // currentState returns the light state of the current head header
-func (pool *TxPool) currentState() *LightState {
+func (pool *TxPool) currentState(ctx context.Context) *state.StateDB {
-	return NewLightState(StateTrieID(pool.chain.CurrentHeader()), pool.odr)
+	return NewState(ctx, pool.chain.CurrentHeader(), pool.odr)
 }
 
 // GetNonce returns the "pending" nonce of a given address. It always queries
 // the nonce belonging to the latest header too in order to detect if another
 // client using the same key sent a transaction.
 func (pool *TxPool) GetNonce(ctx context.Context, addr common.Address) (uint64, error) {
-	nonce, err := pool.currentState().GetNonce(ctx, addr)
+	state := pool.currentState(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
+	nonce := state.GetNonce(addr)
-		return 0, err
+	if state.Error() != nil {
+		return 0, state.Error()
 	}
 	sn, ok := pool.nonce[addr]
 	if ok && sn > nonce {
@@ -357,13 +359,9 @@ func (pool *TxPool) validateTx(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error
 		return core.ErrInvalidSender
 	}
 	// Last but not least check for nonce errors
-	currentState := pool.currentState()
+	currentState := pool.currentState(ctx)
-	if n, err := currentState.GetNonce(ctx, from); err == nil {
+	if n := currentState.GetNonce(from); n > tx.Nonce() {
-		if n > tx.Nonce() {
+		return core.ErrNonceTooLow
-			return core.ErrNonceTooLow
-		}
-	} else {
-		return err
 	}
 
 	// Check the transaction doesn't exceed the current
@@ -382,12 +380,8 @@ func (pool *TxPool) validateTx(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error
 
 	// Transactor should have enough funds to cover the costs
 	// cost == V + GP * GL
-	if b, err := currentState.GetBalance(ctx, from); err == nil {
+	if b := currentState.GetBalance(from); b.Cmp(tx.Cost()) < 0 {
-		if b.Cmp(tx.Cost()) < 0 {
+		return core.ErrInsufficientFunds
-			return core.ErrInsufficientFunds
-		}
-	} else {
-		return err
 	}
 
 	// Should supply enough intrinsic gas
@@ -395,7 +389,7 @@ func (pool *TxPool) validateTx(ctx context.Context, tx *types.Transaction) error
 		return core.ErrIntrinsicGas
 	}
 
-	return nil
+	return currentState.Error()
 }
 
 // add validates a new transaction and sets its state pending if processable.

light/vm_env.go

@@ -1,194 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2016 The go-ethereum Authors
-// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
-// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
-// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
-// (at your option) any later version.
-//
-// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
-// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
-// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
-// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
-//
-// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
-// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
-
-package light
-
-import (
-	"context"
-	"math/big"
-
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/common"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/core/types"
-	"github.com/ethereum/go-ethereum/crypto"
-)
-
-// VMState is a wrapper for the light state that holds the actual context and
-// passes it to any state operation that requires it.
-type VMState struct {
-	ctx       context.Context
-	state     *LightState
-	snapshots []*LightState
-	err       error
-}
-
-func NewVMState(ctx context.Context, state *LightState) *VMState {
-	return &VMState{ctx: ctx, state: state}
-}
-
-func (s *VMState) Error() error {
-	return s.err
-}
-
-func (s *VMState) AddLog(log *types.Log) {}
-
-func (s *VMState) AddPreimage(hash common.Hash, preimage []byte) {}
-
-// errHandler handles and stores any state error that happens during execution.
-func (s *VMState) errHandler(err error) {
-	if err != nil && s.err == nil {
-		s.err = err
-	}
-}
-
-func (self *VMState) Snapshot() int {
-	self.snapshots = append(self.snapshots, self.state.Copy())
-	return len(self.snapshots) - 1
-}
-
-func (self *VMState) RevertToSnapshot(idx int) {
-	self.state.Set(self.snapshots[idx])
-	self.snapshots = self.snapshots[:idx]
-}
-
-// CreateAccount creates creates a new account object and takes ownership.
-func (s *VMState) CreateAccount(addr common.Address) {
-	_, err := s.state.CreateStateObject(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-}
-
-// AddBalance adds the given amount to the balance of the specified account
-func (s *VMState) AddBalance(addr common.Address, amount *big.Int) {
-	err := s.state.AddBalance(s.ctx, addr, amount)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-}
-
-// SubBalance adds the given amount to the balance of the specified account
-func (s *VMState) SubBalance(addr common.Address, amount *big.Int) {
-	err := s.state.SubBalance(s.ctx, addr, amount)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-}
-
-// ForEachStorage calls a callback function for every key/value pair found
-// in the local storage cache. Note that unlike core/state.StateObject,
-// light.StateObject only returns cached values and doesn't download the
-// entire storage tree.
-func (s *VMState) ForEachStorage(addr common.Address, cb func(key, value common.Hash) bool) {
-	err := s.state.ForEachStorage(s.ctx, addr, cb)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-}
-
-// GetBalance retrieves the balance from the given address or 0 if the account does
-// not exist
-func (s *VMState) GetBalance(addr common.Address) *big.Int {
-	res, err := s.state.GetBalance(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return res
-}
-
-// GetNonce returns the nonce at the given address or 0 if the account does
-// not exist
-func (s *VMState) GetNonce(addr common.Address) uint64 {
-	res, err := s.state.GetNonce(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return res
-}
-
-// SetNonce sets the nonce of the specified account
-func (s *VMState) SetNonce(addr common.Address, nonce uint64) {
-	err := s.state.SetNonce(s.ctx, addr, nonce)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-}
-
-// GetCode returns the contract code at the given address or nil if the account
-// does not exist
-func (s *VMState) GetCode(addr common.Address) []byte {
-	res, err := s.state.GetCode(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return res
-}
-
-// GetCodeHash returns the contract code hash at the given address
-func (s *VMState) GetCodeHash(addr common.Address) common.Hash {
-	res, err := s.state.GetCode(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return crypto.Keccak256Hash(res)
-}
-
-// GetCodeSize returns the contract code size at the given address
-func (s *VMState) GetCodeSize(addr common.Address) int {
-	res, err := s.state.GetCode(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return len(res)
-}
-
-// SetCode sets the contract code at the specified account
-func (s *VMState) SetCode(addr common.Address, code []byte) {
-	err := s.state.SetCode(s.ctx, addr, code)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-}
-
-// AddRefund adds an amount to the refund value collected during a vm execution
-func (s *VMState) AddRefund(gas *big.Int) {
-	s.state.AddRefund(gas)
-}
-
-// GetRefund returns the refund value collected during a vm execution
-func (s *VMState) GetRefund() *big.Int {
-	return s.state.GetRefund()
-}
-
-// GetState returns the contract storage value at storage address b from the
-// contract address a or common.Hash{} if the account does not exist
-func (s *VMState) GetState(a common.Address, b common.Hash) common.Hash {
-	res, err := s.state.GetState(s.ctx, a, b)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return res
-}
-
-// SetState sets the storage value at storage address key of the account addr
-func (s *VMState) SetState(addr common.Address, key common.Hash, value common.Hash) {
-	err := s.state.SetState(s.ctx, addr, key, value)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-}
-
-// Suicide marks an account to be removed and clears its balance
-func (s *VMState) Suicide(addr common.Address) bool {
-	res, err := s.state.Suicide(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return res
-}
-
-// Exist returns true if an account exists at the given address
-func (s *VMState) Exist(addr common.Address) bool {
-	res, err := s.state.HasAccount(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return res
-}
-
-// Empty returns true if the account at the given address is considered empty
-func (s *VMState) Empty(addr common.Address) bool {
-	so, err := s.state.GetStateObject(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return so == nil || so.empty()
-}
-
-// HasSuicided returns true if the given account has been marked for deletion
-// or false if the account does not exist
-func (s *VMState) HasSuicided(addr common.Address) bool {
-	res, err := s.state.HasSuicided(s.ctx, addr)
-	s.errHandler(err)
-	return res
-}

miner/worker.go

@@ -274,7 +274,7 @@ func (self *worker) wait() {
 				}
 				go self.mux.Post(core.NewMinedBlockEvent{Block: block})
 			} else {
-				work.state.Commit(self.config.IsEIP158(block.Number()))
+				work.state.CommitTo(self.chainDb, self.config.IsEIP158(block.Number()))
 				stat, err := self.chain.WriteBlock(block)
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Error("Failed writing block to chain", "err", err)

tests/block_test_util.go

@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ func runBlockTest(homesteadBlock, daoForkBlock, gasPriceFork *big.Int, test *Blo
 // InsertPreState populates the given database with the genesis
 // accounts defined by the test.
 func (t *BlockTest) InsertPreState(db ethdb.Database) (*state.StateDB, error) {
-	statedb, err := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	statedb, err := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ func (t *BlockTest) InsertPreState(db ethdb.Database) (*state.StateDB, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	root, err := statedb.Commit(false)
+	root, err := statedb.CommitTo(db, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("error writing state: %v", err)
 	}

tests/state_test_util.go

@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
 	"io"
-	"math/big"
 	"strconv"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -99,7 +98,7 @@ func benchStateTest(chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, test VmTest, env map[string
 	statedb := makePreState(db, test.Pre)
 	b.StartTimer()
 
-	RunState(chainConfig, statedb, env, test.Exec)
+	RunState(chainConfig, statedb, db, env, test.Exec)
 }
 
 func runStateTests(chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, tests map[string]VmTest, skipTests []string) error {
@@ -143,16 +142,9 @@ func runStateTest(chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, test VmTest) error {
 		env["currentTimestamp"] = test.Env.CurrentTimestamp.(string)
 	}
 
-	var (
+	ret, logs, root, _ := RunState(chainConfig, statedb, db, env, test.Transaction)
-		ret []byte
-		// gas  *big.Int
-		// err  error
-		logs []*types.Log
-	)
 
-	ret, logs, _, _ = RunState(chainConfig, statedb, env, test.Transaction)
+	// Return value:
-
-	// Compare expected and actual return
 	var rexp []byte
 	if strings.HasPrefix(test.Out, "#") {
 		n, _ := strconv.Atoi(test.Out[1:])
@@ -163,61 +155,43 @@ func runStateTest(chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, test VmTest) error {
 	if !bytes.Equal(rexp, ret) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("return failed. Expected %x, got %x\n", rexp, ret)
 	}
-
+	// Post state content:
-	// check post state
 	for addr, account := range test.Post {
 		address := common.HexToAddress(addr)
 		if !statedb.Exist(address) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("did not find expected post-state account: %s", addr)
 		}
-
 		if balance := statedb.GetBalance(address); balance.Cmp(math.MustParseBig256(account.Balance)) != 0 {
 			return fmt.Errorf("(%x) balance failed. Expected: %v have: %v\n", address[:4], math.MustParseBig256(account.Balance), balance)
 		}
-
 		if nonce := statedb.GetNonce(address); nonce != math.MustParseUint64(account.Nonce) {
 			return fmt.Errorf("(%x) nonce failed. Expected: %v have: %v\n", address[:4], account.Nonce, nonce)
 		}
-
 		for addr, value := range account.Storage {
 			v := statedb.GetState(address, common.HexToHash(addr))
 			vexp := common.HexToHash(value)
-
 			if v != vexp {
 				return fmt.Errorf("storage failed:\n%x: %s:\nexpected: %x\nhave:     %x\n(%v %v)\n", address[:4], addr, vexp, v, vexp.Big(), v.Big())
 			}
 		}
 	}
-
+	// Root:
-	root, _ := statedb.Commit(false)
 	if common.HexToHash(test.PostStateRoot) != root {
 		return fmt.Errorf("Post state root error. Expected: %s have: %x", test.PostStateRoot, root)
 	}
-
+	// Logs:
-	// check logs
+	return checkLogs(test.Logs, logs)
-	if len(test.Logs) > 0 {
-		if err := checkLogs(test.Logs, logs); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
 }
 
-func RunState(chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, statedb *state.StateDB, env, tx map[string]string) ([]byte, []*types.Log, *big.Int, error) {
+func RunState(chainConfig *params.ChainConfig, statedb *state.StateDB, db ethdb.Database, env, tx map[string]string) ([]byte, []*types.Log, common.Hash, error) {
 	environment, msg := NewEVMEnvironment(false, chainConfig, statedb, env, tx)
 	gaspool := new(core.GasPool).AddGas(math.MustParseBig256(env["currentGasLimit"]))
 
-	root, _ := statedb.Commit(false)
-	statedb.Reset(root)
-
 	snapshot := statedb.Snapshot()
-
+	ret, _, err := core.ApplyMessage(environment, msg, gaspool)
-	ret, gasUsed, err := core.ApplyMessage(environment, msg, gaspool)
 	if err != nil {
 		statedb.RevertToSnapshot(snapshot)
 	}
-	statedb.Commit(chainConfig.IsEIP158(environment.Context.BlockNumber))
+	root, _ := statedb.CommitTo(db, chainConfig.IsEIP158(environment.Context.BlockNumber))
-
+	return ret, statedb.Logs(), root, err
-	return ret, statedb.Logs(), gasUsed, err
 }

tests/util.go

@@ -48,7 +48,6 @@ func init() {
 }
 
 func checkLogs(tlog []Log, logs []*types.Log) error {
-
 	if len(tlog) != len(logs) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("log length mismatch. Expected %d, got %d", len(tlog), len(logs))
 	} else {
@@ -106,10 +105,14 @@ func (self Log) Topics() [][]byte {
 }
 
 func makePreState(db ethdb.Database, accounts map[string]Account) *state.StateDB {
-	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, db)
+	sdb := state.NewDatabase(db)
+	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, sdb)
 	for addr, account := range accounts {
 		insertAccount(statedb, addr, account)
 	}
+	// Commit and re-open to start with a clean state.
+	root, _ := statedb.CommitTo(db, false)
+	statedb, _ = state.New(root, sdb)
 	return statedb
 }
 

trie/proof.go

@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ func VerifyProof(rootHash common.Hash, key []byte, proof []rlp.RawValue) (value
 }
 
 func get(tn node, key []byte) ([]byte, node) {
-	for len(key) > 0 {
+	for {
 		switch n := tn.(type) {
 		case *shortNode:
 			if len(key) < len(n.Key) || !bytes.Equal(n.Key, key[:len(n.Key)]) {
@@ -140,9 +140,10 @@ func get(tn node, key []byte) ([]byte, node) {
 			return key, n
 		case nil:
 			return key, nil
+		case valueNode:
+			return nil, n
 		default:
 			panic(fmt.Sprintf("%T: invalid node: %v", tn, tn))
 		}
 	}
-	return nil, tn.(valueNode)
 }

trie/secure_trie.go

@@ -156,6 +156,11 @@ func (t *SecureTrie) Root() []byte {
 	return t.trie.Root()
 }
 
+func (t *SecureTrie) Copy() *SecureTrie {
+	cpy := *t
+	return &cpy
+}
+
 // NodeIterator returns an iterator that returns nodes of the underlying trie. Iteration
 // starts at the key after the given start key.
 func (t *SecureTrie) NodeIterator(start []byte) NodeIterator {