Allow force push to protected branches (#28086)

Fixes #22722 

### Problem
Currently, it is not possible to force push to a branch with branch
protection rules in place. There are often times where this is necessary
(CI workflows/administrative tasks etc).

The current workaround is to rename/remove the branch protection,
perform the force push, and then reinstate the protections.

### Solution
Provide an additional section in the branch protection rules to allow
users to specify which users with push access can also force push to the
branch. The default value of the rule will be set to `Disabled`, and the
UI is intuitive and very similar to the `Push` section.

It is worth noting in this implementation that allowing force push does
not override regular push access, and both will need to be enabled for a
user to force push.

This applies to manual force push to a remote, and also in Gitea UI
updating a PR by rebase (which requires force push)

This modifies the `BranchProtection` API structs to add:
- `enable_force_push bool`
- `enable_force_push_whitelist bool`
- `force_push_whitelist_usernames string[]`
- `force_push_whitelist_teams string[]`
- `force_push_whitelist_deploy_keys bool`

### Updated Branch Protection UI:

<img width="943" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/79623665/7491899c-d816-45d5-be84-8512abd156bf">

### Pull Request `Update branch by Rebase` option enabled with source
branch `test` being a protected branch:


![image](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/79623665/e018e6e9-b7b2-4bd3-808e-4947d7da35cc)
<img width="1038" alt="image"
src="https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/assets/79623665/57ead13e-9006-459f-b83c-7079e6f4c654">

---------

Co-authored-by: wxiaoguang <wxiaoguang@gmail.com>

models/git/protected_branch.go

@@ -44,6 +44,11 @@ type ProtectedBranch struct {
 	WhitelistDeployKeys           bool     `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
 	MergeWhitelistUserIDs         []int64  `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
 	MergeWhitelistTeamIDs         []int64  `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+	CanForcePush                  bool     `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
+	EnableForcePushAllowlist      bool     `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs     []int64  `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs     []int64  `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys  bool     `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
 	EnableStatusCheck             bool     `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
 	StatusCheckContexts           []string `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
 	EnableApprovalsWhitelist      bool     `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
@@ -143,6 +148,33 @@ func (protectBranch *ProtectedBranch) CanUserPush(ctx context.Context, user *use
 	return in
 }
 
+// CanUserForcePush returns if some user could force push to this protected branch
+// Since force-push extends normal push, we also check if user has regular push access
+func (protectBranch *ProtectedBranch) CanUserForcePush(ctx context.Context, user *user_model.User) bool {
+	if !protectBranch.CanForcePush {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	if !protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist {
+		return protectBranch.CanUserPush(ctx, user)
+	}
+
+	if slices.Contains(protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs, user.ID) {
+		return protectBranch.CanUserPush(ctx, user)
+	}
+
+	if len(protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs) == 0 {
+		return false
+	}
+
+	in, err := organization.IsUserInTeams(ctx, user.ID, protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs)
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Error("IsUserInTeams: %v", err)
+		return false
+	}
+	return in && protectBranch.CanUserPush(ctx, user)
+}
+
 // IsUserMergeWhitelisted checks if some user is whitelisted to merge to this branch
 func IsUserMergeWhitelisted(ctx context.Context, protectBranch *ProtectedBranch, userID int64, permissionInRepo access_model.Permission) bool {
 	if !protectBranch.EnableMergeWhitelist {
@@ -301,6 +333,9 @@ type WhitelistOptions struct {
 	UserIDs []int64
 	TeamIDs []int64
 
+	ForcePushUserIDs []int64
+	ForcePushTeamIDs []int64
+
 	MergeUserIDs []int64
 	MergeTeamIDs []int64
 
@@ -328,6 +363,12 @@ func UpdateProtectBranch(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, prote
 	}
 	protectBranch.WhitelistUserIDs = whitelist
 
+	whitelist, err = updateUserWhitelist(ctx, repo, protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs, opts.ForcePushUserIDs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs = whitelist
+
 	whitelist, err = updateUserWhitelist(ctx, repo, protectBranch.MergeWhitelistUserIDs, opts.MergeUserIDs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -347,6 +388,12 @@ func UpdateProtectBranch(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, prote
 	}
 	protectBranch.WhitelistTeamIDs = whitelist
 
+	whitelist, err = updateTeamWhitelist(ctx, repo, protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs, opts.ForcePushTeamIDs)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs = whitelist
+
 	whitelist, err = updateTeamWhitelist(ctx, repo, protectBranch.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs, opts.MergeTeamIDs)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -468,43 +515,58 @@ func DeleteProtectedBranch(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, id
 	return nil
 }
 
-// RemoveUserIDFromProtectedBranch remove all user ids from protected branch options
-func RemoveUserIDFromProtectedBranch(ctx context.Context, p *ProtectedBranch, userID int64) error {
-	lenIDs, lenApprovalIDs, lenMergeIDs := len(p.WhitelistUserIDs), len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs), len(p.MergeWhitelistUserIDs)
+// removeIDsFromProtectedBranch is a helper function to remove IDs from protected branch options
+func removeIDsFromProtectedBranch(ctx context.Context, p *ProtectedBranch, userID, teamID int64, columnNames []string) error {
+	lenUserIDs, lenForcePushIDs, lenApprovalIDs, lenMergeIDs := len(p.WhitelistUserIDs), len(p.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs), len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs), len(p.MergeWhitelistUserIDs)
+	lenTeamIDs, lenForcePushTeamIDs, lenApprovalTeamIDs, lenMergeTeamIDs := len(p.WhitelistTeamIDs), len(p.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs), len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs), len(p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs)
+
+	if userID > 0 {
 		p.WhitelistUserIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.WhitelistUserIDs, userID)
+		p.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs, userID)
 		p.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs, userID)
 		p.MergeWhitelistUserIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.MergeWhitelistUserIDs, userID)
+	}
 
-	if lenIDs != len(p.WhitelistUserIDs) || lenApprovalIDs != len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs) ||
-		lenMergeIDs != len(p.MergeWhitelistUserIDs) {
-		if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(p.ID).Cols(
-			"whitelist_user_i_ds",
-			"merge_whitelist_user_i_ds",
-			"approvals_whitelist_user_i_ds",
-		).Update(p); err != nil {
+	if teamID > 0 {
+		p.WhitelistTeamIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.WhitelistTeamIDs, teamID)
+		p.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs, teamID)
+		p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs, teamID)
+		p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs, teamID)
+	}
+
+	if (lenUserIDs != len(p.WhitelistUserIDs) ||
+		lenForcePushIDs != len(p.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs) ||
+		lenApprovalIDs != len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs) ||
+		lenMergeIDs != len(p.MergeWhitelistUserIDs)) ||
+		(lenTeamIDs != len(p.WhitelistTeamIDs) ||
+			lenForcePushTeamIDs != len(p.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs) ||
+			lenApprovalTeamIDs != len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs) ||
+			lenMergeTeamIDs != len(p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs)) {
+		if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(p.ID).Cols(columnNames...).Update(p); err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("updateProtectedBranches: %v", err)
 		}
 	}
 	return nil
 }
 
-// RemoveTeamIDFromProtectedBranch remove all team ids from protected branch options
-func RemoveTeamIDFromProtectedBranch(ctx context.Context, p *ProtectedBranch, teamID int64) error {
-	lenIDs, lenApprovalIDs, lenMergeIDs := len(p.WhitelistTeamIDs), len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs), len(p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs)
-	p.WhitelistTeamIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.WhitelistTeamIDs, teamID)
-	p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs, teamID)
-	p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs = util.SliceRemoveAll(p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs, teamID)
+// RemoveUserIDFromProtectedBranch removes all user ids from protected branch options
+func RemoveUserIDFromProtectedBranch(ctx context.Context, p *ProtectedBranch, userID int64) error {
+	columnNames := []string{
+		"whitelist_user_i_ds",
+		"force_push_allowlist_user_i_ds",
+		"merge_whitelist_user_i_ds",
+		"approvals_whitelist_user_i_ds",
+	}
+	return removeIDsFromProtectedBranch(ctx, p, userID, 0, columnNames)
+}
 
-	if lenIDs != len(p.WhitelistTeamIDs) ||
-		lenApprovalIDs != len(p.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs) ||
-		lenMergeIDs != len(p.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs) {
-		if _, err := db.GetEngine(ctx).ID(p.ID).Cols(
+// RemoveTeamIDFromProtectedBranch removes all team ids from protected branch options
+func RemoveTeamIDFromProtectedBranch(ctx context.Context, p *ProtectedBranch, teamID int64) error {
+	columnNames := []string{
 		"whitelist_team_i_ds",
+		"force_push_allowlist_team_i_ds",
 		"merge_whitelist_team_i_ds",
 		"approvals_whitelist_team_i_ds",
-		).Update(p); err != nil {
-			return fmt.Errorf("updateProtectedBranches: %v", err)
-		}
 	}
-	return nil
+	return removeIDsFromProtectedBranch(ctx, p, 0, teamID, columnNames)
 }

models/migrations/migrations.go

@@ -591,6 +591,8 @@ var migrations = []Migration{
 
 	// v299 -> v300
 	NewMigration("Add content version to issue and comment table", v1_23.AddContentVersionToIssueAndComment),
+	// v300 -> v301
+	NewMigration("Add force-push branch protection support", v1_23.AddForcePushBranchProtection),
 }
 
 // GetCurrentDBVersion returns the current db version

models/migrations/v1_23/v300.go

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+// Copyright 2024 The Gitea Authors. All rights reserved.
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+package v1_23 //nolint
+
+import "xorm.io/xorm"
+
+func AddForcePushBranchProtection(x *xorm.Engine) error {
+	type ProtectedBranch struct {
+		CanForcePush                 bool    `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
+		EnableForcePushAllowlist     bool    `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
+		ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs    []int64 `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+		ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs    []int64 `xorm:"JSON TEXT"`
+		ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys bool    `xorm:"NOT NULL DEFAULT false"`
+	}
+	return x.Sync(new(ProtectedBranch))
+}

modules/structs/repo_branch.go

@@ -30,6 +30,11 @@ type BranchProtection struct {
 	PushWhitelistUsernames        []string `json:"push_whitelist_usernames"`
 	PushWhitelistTeams            []string `json:"push_whitelist_teams"`
 	PushWhitelistDeployKeys       bool     `json:"push_whitelist_deploy_keys"`
+	EnableForcePush               bool     `json:"enable_force_push"`
+	EnableForcePushAllowlist      bool     `json:"enable_force_push_allowlist"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistUsernames   []string `json:"force_push_allowlist_usernames"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistTeams       []string `json:"force_push_allowlist_teams"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys  bool     `json:"force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys"`
 	EnableMergeWhitelist          bool     `json:"enable_merge_whitelist"`
 	MergeWhitelistUsernames       []string `json:"merge_whitelist_usernames"`
 	MergeWhitelistTeams           []string `json:"merge_whitelist_teams"`
@@ -63,6 +68,11 @@ type CreateBranchProtectionOption struct {
 	PushWhitelistUsernames        []string `json:"push_whitelist_usernames"`
 	PushWhitelistTeams            []string `json:"push_whitelist_teams"`
 	PushWhitelistDeployKeys       bool     `json:"push_whitelist_deploy_keys"`
+	EnableForcePush               bool     `json:"enable_force_push"`
+	EnableForcePushAllowlist      bool     `json:"enable_force_push_allowlist"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistUsernames   []string `json:"force_push_allowlist_usernames"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistTeams       []string `json:"force_push_allowlist_teams"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys  bool     `json:"force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys"`
 	EnableMergeWhitelist          bool     `json:"enable_merge_whitelist"`
 	MergeWhitelistUsernames       []string `json:"merge_whitelist_usernames"`
 	MergeWhitelistTeams           []string `json:"merge_whitelist_teams"`
@@ -89,6 +99,11 @@ type EditBranchProtectionOption struct {
 	PushWhitelistUsernames        []string `json:"push_whitelist_usernames"`
 	PushWhitelistTeams            []string `json:"push_whitelist_teams"`
 	PushWhitelistDeployKeys       *bool    `json:"push_whitelist_deploy_keys"`
+	EnableForcePush               *bool    `json:"enable_force_push"`
+	EnableForcePushAllowlist      *bool    `json:"enable_force_push_allowlist"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistUsernames   []string `json:"force_push_allowlist_usernames"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistTeams       []string `json:"force_push_allowlist_teams"`
+	ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys  *bool    `json:"force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys"`
 	EnableMergeWhitelist          *bool    `json:"enable_merge_whitelist"`
 	MergeWhitelistUsernames       []string `json:"merge_whitelist_usernames"`
 	MergeWhitelistTeams           []string `json:"merge_whitelist_teams"`

options/locale/locale_en-US.ini

@@ -2280,6 +2280,7 @@ settings.event_wiki_desc = Wiki page created, renamed, edited or deleted.
 settings.event_release = Release
 settings.event_release_desc = Release published, updated or deleted in a repository.
 settings.event_push = Push
+settings.event_force_push = Force Push
 settings.event_push_desc = Git push to a repository.
 settings.event_repository = Repository
 settings.event_repository_desc = Repository created or deleted.
@@ -2373,19 +2374,28 @@ settings.protect_this_branch = Enable Branch Protection
 settings.protect_this_branch_desc = Prevents deletion and restricts Git pushing and merging to the branch.
 settings.protect_disable_push = Disable Push
 settings.protect_disable_push_desc = No pushing will be allowed to this branch.
+settings.protect_disable_force_push = Disable Force Push
+settings.protect_disable_force_push_desc = No force pushing will be allowed to this branch.
 settings.protect_enable_push = Enable Push
 settings.protect_enable_push_desc = Anyone with write access will be allowed to push to this branch (but not force push).
+settings.protect_enable_force_push_all = Enable Force Push
+settings.protect_enable_force_push_all_desc = Anyone with push access will be allowed to force push to this branch.
+settings.protect_enable_force_push_allowlist = Allowlist Restricted Force Push
+settings.protect_enable_force_push_allowlist_desc = Only allowlisted users or teams with push access will be allowed to force push to this branch.
 settings.protect_enable_merge = Enable Merge
 settings.protect_enable_merge_desc = Anyone with write access will be allowed to merge the pull requests into this branch.
-settings.protect_whitelist_committers = Whitelist Restricted Push
-settings.protect_whitelist_committers_desc = Only whitelisted users or teams will be allowed to push to this branch (but not force push).
-settings.protect_whitelist_deploy_keys = Whitelist deploy keys with write access to push.
-settings.protect_whitelist_users = Whitelisted users for pushing:
-settings.protect_whitelist_teams = Whitelisted teams for pushing:
-settings.protect_merge_whitelist_committers = Enable Merge Whitelist
-settings.protect_merge_whitelist_committers_desc = Allow only whitelisted users or teams to merge pull requests into this branch.
-settings.protect_merge_whitelist_users = Whitelisted users for merging:
-settings.protect_merge_whitelist_teams = Whitelisted teams for merging:
+settings.protect_whitelist_committers = Allowlist Restricted Push
+settings.protect_whitelist_committers_desc = Only allowlisted users or teams will be allowed to push to this branch (but not force push).
+settings.protect_whitelist_deploy_keys = Allowlist deploy keys with write access to push.
+settings.protect_whitelist_users = Allowlisted users for pushing:
+settings.protect_whitelist_teams = Allowlisted teams for pushing:
+settings.protect_force_push_allowlist_users = Allowlisted users for force pushing:
+settings.protect_force_push_allowlist_teams = Allowlisted teams for force pushing:
+settings.protect_force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys = Allowlist deploy keys with push access to force push.
+settings.protect_merge_whitelist_committers = Enable Merge Allowlist
+settings.protect_merge_whitelist_committers_desc = Allow only allowlisted users or teams to merge pull requests into this branch.
+settings.protect_merge_whitelist_users = Allowlisted users for merging:
+settings.protect_merge_whitelist_teams = Allowlisted teams for merging:
 settings.protect_check_status_contexts = Enable Status Check
 settings.protect_status_check_patterns = Status check patterns:
 settings.protect_status_check_patterns_desc = Enter patterns to specify which status checks must pass before branches can be merged into a branch that matches this rule. Each line specifies a pattern. Patterns cannot be empty.
@@ -2396,10 +2406,10 @@ settings.protect_invalid_status_check_pattern = Invalid status check pattern: "%
 settings.protect_no_valid_status_check_patterns = No valid status check patterns.
 settings.protect_required_approvals = Required approvals:
 settings.protect_required_approvals_desc = Allow only to merge pull request with enough positive reviews.
-settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_enabled = Restrict approvals to whitelisted users or teams
-settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_enabled_desc = Only reviews from whitelisted users or teams will count to the required approvals. Without approval whitelist, reviews from anyone with write access count to the required approvals.
-settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_users = Whitelisted reviewers:
-settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_teams = Whitelisted teams for reviews:
+settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_enabled = Restrict approvals to allowlisted users or teams
+settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_enabled_desc = Only reviews from allowlisted users or teams will count to the required approvals. Without approval allowlist, reviews from anyone with write access count to the required approvals.
+settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_users = Allowlisted reviewers:
+settings.protect_approvals_whitelist_teams = Allowlisted teams for reviews:
 settings.dismiss_stale_approvals = Dismiss stale approvals
 settings.dismiss_stale_approvals_desc = When new commits that change the content of the pull request are pushed to the branch, old approvals will be dismissed.
 settings.ignore_stale_approvals = Ignore stale approvals

routers/api/v1/repo/branch.go

@@ -553,6 +553,15 @@ func CreateBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetUserIDsByNames", err)
 		return
 	}
+	forcePushAllowlistUsers, err := user_model.GetUserIDsByNames(ctx, form.ForcePushAllowlistUsernames, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
+			ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "User does not exist", err)
+			return
+		}
+		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetUserIDsByNames", err)
+		return
+	}
 	mergeWhitelistUsers, err := user_model.GetUserIDsByNames(ctx, form.MergeWhitelistUsernames, false)
 	if err != nil {
 		if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
@@ -571,7 +580,7 @@ func CreateBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetUserIDsByNames", err)
 		return
 	}
-	var whitelistTeams, mergeWhitelistTeams, approvalsWhitelistTeams []int64
+	var whitelistTeams, forcePushAllowlistTeams, mergeWhitelistTeams, approvalsWhitelistTeams []int64
 	if repo.Owner.IsOrganization() {
 		whitelistTeams, err = organization.GetTeamIDsByNames(ctx, repo.OwnerID, form.PushWhitelistTeams, false)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -582,6 +591,15 @@ func CreateBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetTeamIDsByNames", err)
 			return
 		}
+		forcePushAllowlistTeams, err = organization.GetTeamIDsByNames(ctx, repo.OwnerID, form.ForcePushAllowlistTeams, false)
+		if err != nil {
+			if organization.IsErrTeamNotExist(err) {
+				ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "Team does not exist", err)
+				return
+			}
+			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetTeamIDsByNames", err)
+			return
+		}
 		mergeWhitelistTeams, err = organization.GetTeamIDsByNames(ctx, repo.OwnerID, form.MergeWhitelistTeams, false)
 		if err != nil {
 			if organization.IsErrTeamNotExist(err) {
@@ -607,8 +625,11 @@ func CreateBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		RuleName:                      ruleName,
 		CanPush:                       form.EnablePush,
 		EnableWhitelist:               form.EnablePush && form.EnablePushWhitelist,
-		EnableMergeWhitelist:          form.EnableMergeWhitelist,
 		WhitelistDeployKeys:           form.EnablePush && form.EnablePushWhitelist && form.PushWhitelistDeployKeys,
+		CanForcePush:                  form.EnablePush && form.EnableForcePush,
+		EnableForcePushAllowlist:      form.EnablePush && form.EnableForcePush && form.EnableForcePushAllowlist,
+		ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys:  form.EnablePush && form.EnableForcePush && form.EnableForcePushAllowlist && form.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys,
+		EnableMergeWhitelist:          form.EnableMergeWhitelist,
 		EnableStatusCheck:             form.EnableStatusCheck,
 		StatusCheckContexts:           form.StatusCheckContexts,
 		EnableApprovalsWhitelist:      form.EnableApprovalsWhitelist,
@@ -626,6 +647,8 @@ func CreateBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	err = git_model.UpdateProtectBranch(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, protectBranch, git_model.WhitelistOptions{
 		UserIDs:          whitelistUsers,
 		TeamIDs:          whitelistTeams,
+		ForcePushUserIDs: forcePushAllowlistUsers,
+		ForcePushTeamIDs: forcePushAllowlistTeams,
 		MergeUserIDs:     mergeWhitelistUsers,
 		MergeTeamIDs:     mergeWhitelistTeams,
 		ApprovalsUserIDs: approvalsWhitelistUsers,
@@ -756,6 +779,27 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	if form.EnableForcePush != nil {
+		if !*form.EnableForcePush {
+			protectBranch.CanForcePush = false
+			protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist = false
+			protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys = false
+		} else {
+			protectBranch.CanForcePush = true
+			if form.EnableForcePushAllowlist != nil {
+				if !*form.EnableForcePushAllowlist {
+					protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist = false
+					protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys = false
+				} else {
+					protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist = true
+					if form.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys != nil {
+						protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys = *form.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
 	if form.EnableMergeWhitelist != nil {
 		protectBranch.EnableMergeWhitelist = *form.EnableMergeWhitelist
 	}
@@ -808,7 +852,7 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		protectBranch.BlockOnOutdatedBranch = *form.BlockOnOutdatedBranch
 	}
 
-	var whitelistUsers []int64
+	var whitelistUsers, forcePushAllowlistUsers, mergeWhitelistUsers, approvalsWhitelistUsers []int64
 	if form.PushWhitelistUsernames != nil {
 		whitelistUsers, err = user_model.GetUserIDsByNames(ctx, form.PushWhitelistUsernames, false)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -822,7 +866,19 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	} else {
 		whitelistUsers = protectBranch.WhitelistUserIDs
 	}
-	var mergeWhitelistUsers []int64
+	if form.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys != nil {
+		forcePushAllowlistUsers, err = user_model.GetUserIDsByNames(ctx, form.ForcePushAllowlistUsernames, false)
+		if err != nil {
+			if user_model.IsErrUserNotExist(err) {
+				ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "User does not exist", err)
+				return
+			}
+			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetUserIDsByNames", err)
+			return
+		}
+	} else {
+		forcePushAllowlistUsers = protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs
+	}
 	if form.MergeWhitelistUsernames != nil {
 		mergeWhitelistUsers, err = user_model.GetUserIDsByNames(ctx, form.MergeWhitelistUsernames, false)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -836,7 +892,6 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	} else {
 		mergeWhitelistUsers = protectBranch.MergeWhitelistUserIDs
 	}
-	var approvalsWhitelistUsers []int64
 	if form.ApprovalsWhitelistUsernames != nil {
 		approvalsWhitelistUsers, err = user_model.GetUserIDsByNames(ctx, form.ApprovalsWhitelistUsernames, false)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -851,7 +906,7 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		approvalsWhitelistUsers = protectBranch.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs
 	}
 
-	var whitelistTeams, mergeWhitelistTeams, approvalsWhitelistTeams []int64
+	var whitelistTeams, forcePushAllowlistTeams, mergeWhitelistTeams, approvalsWhitelistTeams []int64
 	if repo.Owner.IsOrganization() {
 		if form.PushWhitelistTeams != nil {
 			whitelistTeams, err = organization.GetTeamIDsByNames(ctx, repo.OwnerID, form.PushWhitelistTeams, false)
@@ -866,6 +921,19 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 		} else {
 			whitelistTeams = protectBranch.WhitelistTeamIDs
 		}
+		if form.ForcePushAllowlistTeams != nil {
+			forcePushAllowlistTeams, err = organization.GetTeamIDsByNames(ctx, repo.OwnerID, form.ForcePushAllowlistTeams, false)
+			if err != nil {
+				if organization.IsErrTeamNotExist(err) {
+					ctx.Error(http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "Team does not exist", err)
+					return
+				}
+				ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "GetTeamIDsByNames", err)
+				return
+			}
+		} else {
+			forcePushAllowlistTeams = protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs
+		}
 		if form.MergeWhitelistTeams != nil {
 			mergeWhitelistTeams, err = organization.GetTeamIDsByNames(ctx, repo.OwnerID, form.MergeWhitelistTeams, false)
 			if err != nil {
@@ -897,6 +965,8 @@ func EditBranchProtection(ctx *context.APIContext) {
 	err = git_model.UpdateProtectBranch(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, protectBranch, git_model.WhitelistOptions{
 		UserIDs:          whitelistUsers,
 		TeamIDs:          whitelistTeams,
+		ForcePushUserIDs: forcePushAllowlistUsers,
+		ForcePushTeamIDs: forcePushAllowlistTeams,
 		MergeUserIDs:     mergeWhitelistUsers,
 		MergeTeamIDs:     mergeWhitelistTeams,
 		ApprovalsUserIDs: approvalsWhitelistUsers,

routers/private/hook_pre_receive.go

@@ -183,6 +183,8 @@ func preReceiveBranch(ctx *preReceiveContext, oldCommitID, newCommitID string, r
 		return
 	}
 
+	isForcePush := false
+
 	// 2. Disallow force pushes to protected branches
 	if oldCommitID != objectFormat.EmptyObjectID().String() {
 		output, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count=1").AddDynamicArguments(oldCommitID, "^"+newCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath(), Env: ctx.env})
@@ -193,6 +195,9 @@ func preReceiveBranch(ctx *preReceiveContext, oldCommitID, newCommitID string, r
 			})
 			return
 		} else if len(output) > 0 {
+			if protectBranch.CanForcePush {
+				isForcePush = true
+			} else {
 				log.Warn("Forbidden: Branch: %s in %-v is protected from force push", branchName, repo)
 				ctx.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, private.Response{
 					UserMsg: fmt.Sprintf("branch %s is protected from force push", branchName),
@@ -200,6 +205,7 @@ func preReceiveBranch(ctx *preReceiveContext, oldCommitID, newCommitID string, r
 				return
 			}
 		}
+	}
 
 	// 3. Enforce require signed commits
 	if protectBranch.RequireSignedCommits {
@@ -244,10 +250,15 @@ func preReceiveBranch(ctx *preReceiveContext, oldCommitID, newCommitID string, r
 		}
 	}
 
-	// 5. Check if the doer is allowed to push
+	// 5. Check if the doer is allowed to push (and force-push if the incoming push is a force-push)
 	var canPush bool
 	if ctx.opts.DeployKeyID != 0 {
+		// This flag is only ever true if protectBranch.CanForcePush is true
+		if isForcePush {
+			canPush = !changedProtectedfiles && protectBranch.CanPush && (!protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist || protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys)
+		} else {
 			canPush = !changedProtectedfiles && protectBranch.CanPush && (!protectBranch.EnableWhitelist || protectBranch.WhitelistDeployKeys)
+		}
 	} else {
 		user, err := user_model.GetUserByID(ctx, ctx.opts.UserID)
 		if err != nil {
@@ -257,8 +268,12 @@ func preReceiveBranch(ctx *preReceiveContext, oldCommitID, newCommitID string, r
 			})
 			return
 		}
+		if isForcePush {
+			canPush = !changedProtectedfiles && protectBranch.CanUserForcePush(ctx, user)
+		} else {
 			canPush = !changedProtectedfiles && protectBranch.CanUserPush(ctx, user)
 		}
+	}
 
 	// 6. If we're not allowed to push directly
 	if !canPush {
@@ -293,6 +308,13 @@ func preReceiveBranch(ctx *preReceiveContext, oldCommitID, newCommitID string, r
 			}
 
 			// Or we're simply not able to push to this protected branch
+			if isForcePush {
+				log.Warn("Forbidden: User %d is not allowed to force-push to protected branch: %s in %-v", ctx.opts.UserID, branchName, repo)
+				ctx.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, private.Response{
+					UserMsg: fmt.Sprintf("Not allowed to force-push to protected branch %s", branchName),
+				})
+				return
+			}
 			log.Warn("Forbidden: User %d is not allowed to push to protected branch: %s in %-v", ctx.opts.UserID, branchName, repo)
 			ctx.JSON(http.StatusForbidden, private.Response{
 				UserMsg: fmt.Sprintf("Not allowed to push to protected branch %s", branchName),

routers/web/repo/setting/protected_branch.go

@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@ func SettingsProtectedBranch(c *context.Context) {
 	}
 	c.Data["Users"] = users
 	c.Data["whitelist_users"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.WhitelistUserIDs), ",")
+	c.Data["force_push_allowlist_users"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs), ",")
 	c.Data["merge_whitelist_users"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.MergeWhitelistUserIDs), ",")
 	c.Data["approvals_whitelist_users"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs), ",")
 	c.Data["status_check_contexts"] = strings.Join(rule.StatusCheckContexts, "\n")
@@ -91,6 +92,7 @@ func SettingsProtectedBranch(c *context.Context) {
 		}
 		c.Data["Teams"] = teams
 		c.Data["whitelist_teams"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.WhitelistTeamIDs), ",")
+		c.Data["force_push_allowlist_teams"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs), ",")
 		c.Data["merge_whitelist_teams"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs), ",")
 		c.Data["approvals_whitelist_teams"] = strings.Join(base.Int64sToStrings(rule.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs), ",")
 	}
@@ -149,7 +151,7 @@ func SettingsProtectedBranchPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	var whitelistUsers, whitelistTeams, mergeWhitelistUsers, mergeWhitelistTeams, approvalsWhitelistUsers, approvalsWhitelistTeams []int64
+	var whitelistUsers, whitelistTeams, forcePushAllowlistUsers, forcePushAllowlistTeams, mergeWhitelistUsers, mergeWhitelistTeams, approvalsWhitelistUsers, approvalsWhitelistTeams []int64
 	protectBranch.RuleName = f.RuleName
 	if f.RequiredApprovals < 0 {
 		ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("repo.settings.protected_branch_required_approvals_min"))
@@ -178,6 +180,27 @@ func SettingsProtectedBranchPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		protectBranch.WhitelistDeployKeys = false
 	}
 
+	switch f.EnableForcePush {
+	case "all":
+		protectBranch.CanForcePush = true
+		protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist = false
+		protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys = false
+	case "whitelist":
+		protectBranch.CanForcePush = true
+		protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist = true
+		protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys = f.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys
+		if strings.TrimSpace(f.ForcePushAllowlistUsers) != "" {
+			forcePushAllowlistUsers, _ = base.StringsToInt64s(strings.Split(f.ForcePushAllowlistUsers, ","))
+		}
+		if strings.TrimSpace(f.ForcePushAllowlistTeams) != "" {
+			forcePushAllowlistTeams, _ = base.StringsToInt64s(strings.Split(f.ForcePushAllowlistTeams, ","))
+		}
+	default:
+		protectBranch.CanForcePush = false
+		protectBranch.EnableForcePushAllowlist = false
+		protectBranch.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys = false
+	}
+
 	protectBranch.EnableMergeWhitelist = f.EnableMergeWhitelist
 	if f.EnableMergeWhitelist {
 		if strings.TrimSpace(f.MergeWhitelistUsers) != "" {
@@ -237,6 +260,8 @@ func SettingsProtectedBranchPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	err = git_model.UpdateProtectBranch(ctx, ctx.Repo.Repository, protectBranch, git_model.WhitelistOptions{
 		UserIDs:          whitelistUsers,
 		TeamIDs:          whitelistTeams,
+		ForcePushUserIDs: forcePushAllowlistUsers,
+		ForcePushTeamIDs: forcePushAllowlistTeams,
 		MergeUserIDs:     mergeWhitelistUsers,
 		MergeTeamIDs:     mergeWhitelistTeams,
 		ApprovalsUserIDs: approvalsWhitelistUsers,

services/convert/convert.go

@@ -136,6 +136,7 @@ func ToBranchProtection(ctx context.Context, bp *git_model.ProtectedBranch, repo
 	}
 
 	pushWhitelistUsernames := getWhitelistEntities(readers, bp.WhitelistUserIDs)
+	forcePushAllowlistUsernames := getWhitelistEntities(readers, bp.ForcePushAllowlistUserIDs)
 	mergeWhitelistUsernames := getWhitelistEntities(readers, bp.MergeWhitelistUserIDs)
 	approvalsWhitelistUsernames := getWhitelistEntities(readers, bp.ApprovalsWhitelistUserIDs)
 
@@ -145,6 +146,7 @@ func ToBranchProtection(ctx context.Context, bp *git_model.ProtectedBranch, repo
 	}
 
 	pushWhitelistTeams := getWhitelistEntities(teamReaders, bp.WhitelistTeamIDs)
+	forcePushAllowlistTeams := getWhitelistEntities(teamReaders, bp.ForcePushAllowlistTeamIDs)
 	mergeWhitelistTeams := getWhitelistEntities(teamReaders, bp.MergeWhitelistTeamIDs)
 	approvalsWhitelistTeams := getWhitelistEntities(teamReaders, bp.ApprovalsWhitelistTeamIDs)
 
@@ -161,6 +163,11 @@ func ToBranchProtection(ctx context.Context, bp *git_model.ProtectedBranch, repo
 		PushWhitelistUsernames:        pushWhitelistUsernames,
 		PushWhitelistTeams:            pushWhitelistTeams,
 		PushWhitelistDeployKeys:       bp.WhitelistDeployKeys,
+		EnableForcePush:               bp.CanForcePush,
+		EnableForcePushAllowlist:      bp.EnableForcePushAllowlist,
+		ForcePushAllowlistUsernames:   forcePushAllowlistUsernames,
+		ForcePushAllowlistTeams:       forcePushAllowlistTeams,
+		ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys:  bp.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys,
 		EnableMergeWhitelist:          bp.EnableMergeWhitelist,
 		MergeWhitelistUsernames:       mergeWhitelistUsernames,
 		MergeWhitelistTeams:           mergeWhitelistTeams,

services/forms/repo_form.go

@@ -195,6 +195,10 @@ type ProtectBranchForm struct {
 	WhitelistUsers                string
 	WhitelistTeams                string
 	WhitelistDeployKeys           bool
+	EnableForcePush               string
+	ForcePushAllowlistUsers       string
+	ForcePushAllowlistTeams       string
+	ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys  bool
 	EnableMergeWhitelist          bool
 	MergeWhitelistUsers           string
 	MergeWhitelistTeams           string

services/pull/update.go

@@ -117,8 +117,6 @@ func IsUserAllowedToUpdate(ctx context.Context, pull *issues_model.PullRequest,
 		return false, false, err
 	}
 
-	// can't do rebase on protected branch because need force push
-	if pb == nil {
 	if err := pr.LoadBaseRepo(ctx); err != nil {
 		return false, false, err
 	}
@@ -130,14 +128,14 @@ func IsUserAllowedToUpdate(ctx context.Context, pull *issues_model.PullRequest,
 		log.Error("pr.BaseRepo.GetUnit(unit.TypePullRequests): %v", err)
 		return false, false, err
 	}
+
 	rebaseAllowed = prUnit.PullRequestsConfig().AllowRebaseUpdate
-	}
 
-	// Update function need push permission
+	// If branch protected, disable rebase unless user is whitelisted to force push (which extends regular push)
 	if pb != nil {
 		pb.Repo = pull.BaseRepo
-		if !pb.CanUserPush(ctx, user) {
-			return false, false, nil
+		if !pb.CanUserForcePush(ctx, user) {
+			rebaseAllowed = false
 		}
 	}
 

templates/repo/settings/protected_branch.tmpl

@@ -94,6 +94,69 @@
 						<p class="help">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.require_signed_commits_desc"}}</p>
 					</div>
 				</div>
+				<h5 class="ui dividing header">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.event_force_push"}}</h5>
+				<div class="field">
+					<div class="ui radio checkbox">
+						<input type="radio" name="enable_force_push" value="none" class="toggle-target-disabled" data-target="#force_push_allowlist_box" {{if not .Rule.CanForcePush}}checked{{end}}>
+						<label>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_disable_force_push"}}</label>
+						<p class="help">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_disable_force_push_desc"}}</p>
+					</div>
+				</div>
+				<div class="field">
+					<div class="ui radio checkbox">
+						<input type="radio" name="enable_force_push" value="all" class="toggle-target-disabled" data-target="#force_push_allowlist_box" {{if and (.Rule.CanForcePush) (not .Rule.EnableForcePushAllowlist)}}checked{{end}}>
+						<label>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_enable_force_push_all"}}</label>
+						<p class="help">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_enable_force_push_all_desc"}}</p>
+					</div>
+				</div>
+				<div class="grouped fields">
+					<div class="field">
+						<div class="ui radio checkbox">
+							<input type="radio" name="enable_force_push" value="whitelist" class="toggle-target-enabled" data-target="#force_push_allowlist_box" {{if and (.Rule.CanForcePush) (.Rule.EnableForcePushAllowlist)}}checked{{end}}>
+							<label>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_enable_force_push_allowlist"}}</label>
+							<p class="help">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_enable_force_push_allowlist_desc"}}</p>
+						</div>
+					</div>
+					<div id="force_push_allowlist_box" class="grouped fields {{if not .Rule.EnableForcePushAllowlist}}disabled{{end}}">
+						<div class="checkbox-sub-item field">
+							<label>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_force_push_allowlist_users"}}</label>
+							<div class="ui multiple search selection dropdown">
+								<input type="hidden" name="force_push_allowlist_users" value="{{.force_push_allowlist_users}}">
+								<div class="default text">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "search.user_kind"}}</div>
+								<div class="menu">
+									{{range .Users}}
+										<div class="item" data-value="{{.ID}}">
+											{{ctx.AvatarUtils.Avatar . 28 "mini"}}{{template "repo/search_name" .}}
+										</div>
+									{{end}}
+								</div>
+							</div>
+						</div>
+						{{if .Owner.IsOrganization}}
+							<div class="checkbox-sub-item field">
+								<label>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_force_push_allowlist_teams"}}</label>
+								<div class="ui multiple search selection dropdown">
+									<input type="hidden" name="force_push_allowlist_teams" value="{{.force_push_allowlist_teams}}">
+									<div class="default text">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "search.team_kind"}}</div>
+									<div class="menu">
+										{{range .Teams}}
+											<div class="item" data-value="{{.ID}}">
+												{{svg "octicon-people"}}
+												{{.Name}}
+											</div>
+										{{end}}
+									</div>
+								</div>
+							</div>
+						{{end}}
+						<div class="checkbox-sub-item field">
+							<div class="ui checkbox">
+								<input type="checkbox" name="force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys" {{if .Rule.ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys}}checked{{end}}>
+								<label>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys"}}</label>
+							</div>
+						</div>
+					</div>
+				</div>
 				<h5 class="ui dividing header">{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.event_pull_request_approvals"}}</h5>
 				<div class="field">
 					<label>{{ctx.Locale.Tr "repo.settings.protect_required_approvals"}}</label>

templates/swagger/v1_json.tmpl

@@ -18714,6 +18714,14 @@
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableApprovalsWhitelist"
         },
+        "enable_force_push": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "EnableForcePush"
+        },
+        "enable_force_push_allowlist": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "EnableForcePushAllowlist"
+        },
         "enable_merge_whitelist": {
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableMergeWhitelist"
@@ -18730,6 +18738,24 @@
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableStatusCheck"
         },
+        "force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys"
+        },
+        "force_push_allowlist_teams": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistTeams"
+        },
+        "force_push_allowlist_usernames": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistUsernames"
+        },
         "ignore_stale_approvals": {
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "IgnoreStaleApprovals"
@@ -19378,6 +19404,14 @@
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableApprovalsWhitelist"
         },
+        "enable_force_push": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "EnableForcePush"
+        },
+        "enable_force_push_allowlist": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "EnableForcePushAllowlist"
+        },
         "enable_merge_whitelist": {
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableMergeWhitelist"
@@ -19394,6 +19428,24 @@
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableStatusCheck"
         },
+        "force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys"
+        },
+        "force_push_allowlist_teams": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistTeams"
+        },
+        "force_push_allowlist_usernames": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistUsernames"
+        },
         "ignore_stale_approvals": {
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "IgnoreStaleApprovals"
@@ -20562,6 +20614,14 @@
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableApprovalsWhitelist"
         },
+        "enable_force_push": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "EnableForcePush"
+        },
+        "enable_force_push_allowlist": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "EnableForcePushAllowlist"
+        },
         "enable_merge_whitelist": {
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableMergeWhitelist"
@@ -20578,6 +20638,24 @@
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "EnableStatusCheck"
         },
+        "force_push_allowlist_deploy_keys": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistDeployKeys"
+        },
+        "force_push_allowlist_teams": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistTeams"
+        },
+        "force_push_allowlist_usernames": {
+          "type": "array",
+          "items": {
+            "type": "string"
+          },
+          "x-go-name": "ForcePushAllowlistUsernames"
+        },
         "ignore_stale_approvals": {
           "type": "boolean",
           "x-go-name": "IgnoreStaleApprovals"

tests/integration/git_test.go

@@ -360,12 +360,62 @@ func doBranchProtectPRMerge(baseCtx *APITestContext, dstPath string) func(t *tes
 		t.Run("PushProtectedBranch", doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath, "origin", "protected"))
 
 		ctx := NewAPITestContext(t, baseCtx.Username, baseCtx.Reponame, auth_model.AccessTokenScopeWriteRepository)
-		t.Run("ProtectProtectedBranchNoWhitelist", doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", "", ""))
-		t.Run("GenerateCommit", func(t *testing.T) {
+
+		// Protect branch without any whitelisting
+		t.Run("ProtectBranchNoWhitelist", func(t *testing.T) {
+			doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", "", "", "")
+		})
+
+		// Try to push without permissions, which should fail
+		t.Run("TryPushWithoutPermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
+			_, err := generateCommitWithNewData(littleSize, dstPath, "user2@example.com", "User Two", "branch-data-file-")
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			doGitPushTestRepositoryFail(dstPath, "origin", "protected")
+		})
+
+		// Set up permissions for normal push but not force push
+		t.Run("SetupNormalPushPermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
+			doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", baseCtx.Username, "", "")
+		})
+
+		// Normal push should work
+		t.Run("NormalPushWithPermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
 			_, err := generateCommitWithNewData(littleSize, dstPath, "user2@example.com", "User Two", "branch-data-file-")
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath, "origin", "protected")
+		})
+
+		// Try to force push without force push permissions, which should fail
+		t.Run("ForcePushWithoutForcePermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
+			t.Run("CreateDivergentHistory", func(t *testing.T) {
+				git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "reset", "--hard", "HEAD~1").Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+				_, err := generateCommitWithNewData(littleSize, dstPath, "user2@example.com", "User Two", "branch-data-file-new")
+				assert.NoError(t, err)
+			})
+			doGitPushTestRepositoryFail(dstPath, "-f", "origin", "protected")
+		})
+
+		// Set up permissions for force push but not normal push
+		t.Run("SetupForcePushPermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
+			doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", "", baseCtx.Username, "")
+		})
+
+		// Try to force push without normal push permissions, which should fail
+		t.Run("ForcePushWithoutNormalPermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
+			doGitPushTestRepositoryFail(dstPath, "-f", "origin", "protected")
+		})
+
+		// Set up permissions for normal and force push (both are required to force push)
+		t.Run("SetupNormalAndForcePushPermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
+			doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", baseCtx.Username, baseCtx.Username, "")
+		})
+
+		// Force push should now work
+		t.Run("ForcePushWithPermissions", func(t *testing.T) {
+			doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath, "-f", "origin", "protected")
 		})
-		t.Run("FailToPushToProtectedBranch", doGitPushTestRepositoryFail(dstPath, "origin", "protected"))
+
+		t.Run("ProtectProtectedBranchNoWhitelist", doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", "", "", ""))
 		t.Run("PushToUnprotectedBranch", doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath, "origin", "protected:unprotected"))
 		var pr api.PullRequest
 		var err error
@@ -387,14 +437,14 @@ func doBranchProtectPRMerge(baseCtx *APITestContext, dstPath string) func(t *tes
 		t.Run("MergePR", doAPIMergePullRequest(ctx, baseCtx.Username, baseCtx.Reponame, pr.Index))
 		t.Run("PullProtected", doGitPull(dstPath, "origin", "protected"))
 
-		t.Run("ProtectProtectedBranchUnprotectedFilePaths", doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", "", "unprotected-file-*"))
+		t.Run("ProtectProtectedBranchUnprotectedFilePaths", doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", "", "", "unprotected-file-*"))
 		t.Run("GenerateCommit", func(t *testing.T) {
 			_, err := generateCommitWithNewData(littleSize, dstPath, "user2@example.com", "User Two", "unprotected-file-")
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
 		})
 		t.Run("PushUnprotectedFilesToProtectedBranch", doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath, "origin", "protected"))
 
-		t.Run("ProtectProtectedBranchWhitelist", doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", baseCtx.Username, ""))
+		t.Run("ProtectProtectedBranchWhitelist", doProtectBranch(ctx, "protected", baseCtx.Username, "", ""))
 
 		t.Run("CheckoutMaster", doGitCheckoutBranch(dstPath, "master"))
 		t.Run("CreateBranchForced", doGitCreateBranch(dstPath, "toforce"))
@@ -409,33 +459,37 @@ func doBranchProtectPRMerge(baseCtx *APITestContext, dstPath string) func(t *tes
 	}
 }
 
-func doProtectBranch(ctx APITestContext, branch, userToWhitelist, unprotectedFilePatterns string) func(t *testing.T) {
+func doProtectBranch(ctx APITestContext, branch, userToWhitelistPush, userToWhitelistForcePush, unprotectedFilePatterns string) func(t *testing.T) {
 	// We are going to just use the owner to set the protection.
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
 		csrf := GetCSRF(t, ctx.Session, fmt.Sprintf("/%s/%s/settings/branches", url.PathEscape(ctx.Username), url.PathEscape(ctx.Reponame)))
 
-		if userToWhitelist == "" {
-			// Change branch to protected
-			req := NewRequestWithValues(t, "POST", fmt.Sprintf("/%s/%s/settings/branches/edit", url.PathEscape(ctx.Username), url.PathEscape(ctx.Reponame)), map[string]string{
+		formData := map[string]string{
 			"_csrf":                     csrf,
 			"rule_name":                 branch,
 			"unprotected_file_patterns": unprotectedFilePatterns,
-			})
-			ctx.Session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
-		} else {
-			user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(db.DefaultContext, userToWhitelist)
+		}
+
+		if userToWhitelistPush != "" {
+			user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(db.DefaultContext, userToWhitelistPush)
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
-			// Change branch to protected
-			req := NewRequestWithValues(t, "POST", fmt.Sprintf("/%s/%s/settings/branches/edit", url.PathEscape(ctx.Username), url.PathEscape(ctx.Reponame)), map[string]string{
-				"_csrf":                     csrf,
-				"rule_name":                 branch,
-				"enable_push":               "whitelist",
-				"enable_whitelist":          "on",
-				"whitelist_users":           strconv.FormatInt(user.ID, 10),
-				"unprotected_file_patterns": unprotectedFilePatterns,
-			})
-			ctx.Session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
+			formData["whitelist_users"] = strconv.FormatInt(user.ID, 10)
+			formData["enable_push"] = "whitelist"
+			formData["enable_whitelist"] = "on"
 		}
+
+		if userToWhitelistForcePush != "" {
+			user, err := user_model.GetUserByName(db.DefaultContext, userToWhitelistForcePush)
+			assert.NoError(t, err)
+			formData["force_push_allowlist_users"] = strconv.FormatInt(user.ID, 10)
+			formData["enable_force_push"] = "whitelist"
+			formData["enable_force_push_allowlist"] = "on"
+		}
+
+		// Send the request to update branch protection settings
+		req := NewRequestWithValues(t, "POST", fmt.Sprintf("/%s/%s/settings/branches/edit", url.PathEscape(ctx.Username), url.PathEscape(ctx.Reponame)), formData)
+		ctx.Session.MakeRequest(t, req, http.StatusSeeOther)
+
 		// Check if master branch has been locked successfully
 		flashCookie := ctx.Session.GetCookie(gitea_context.CookieNameFlash)
 		assert.NotNil(t, flashCookie)