Refactor git command arguments and make all arguments to be safe to be used (#21535)

Follow #21464

Make all git command arguments strictly safe. Most changes are one-to-one replacing, keep all existing logic.

models/migrations/v128.go

@@ -83,17 +83,17 @@ func fixMergeBase(x *xorm.Engine) error {
 
 			if !pr.HasMerged {
 				var err error
-				pr.MergeBase, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "merge-base", "--", pr.BaseBranch, gitRefName).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				pr.MergeBase, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "merge-base").AddDashesAndList(pr.BaseBranch, gitRefName).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 				if err != nil {
 					var err2 error
-					pr.MergeBase, _, err2 = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "rev-parse", git.BranchPrefix+pr.BaseBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+					pr.MergeBase, _, err2 = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "rev-parse").AddDynamicArguments(git.BranchPrefix + pr.BaseBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 					if err2 != nil {
 						log.Error("Unable to get merge base for PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v & %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err, err2)
 						continue
 					}
 				}
 			} else {
-				parentsString, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1", pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				parentsString, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Error("Unable to get parents for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 					continue
@@ -103,10 +103,11 @@ func fixMergeBase(x *xorm.Engine) error {
 					continue
 				}
 
-				args := append([]string{"merge-base", "--"}, parents[1:]...)
-				args = append(args, gitRefName)
+				refs := append([]string{}, parents[1:]...)
+				refs = append(refs, gitRefName)
+				cmd := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "merge-base").AddDashesAndList(refs...)
 
-				pr.MergeBase, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, args...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				pr.MergeBase, _, err = cmd.RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 				if err != nil {
 					log.Error("Unable to get merge base for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 					continue

models/migrations/v134.go

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func refixMergeBase(x *xorm.Engine) error {
 
 			gitRefName := fmt.Sprintf("refs/pull/%d/head", pr.Index)
 
-			parentsString, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1", pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+			parentsString, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("Unable to get parents for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 				continue
@@ -91,10 +91,11 @@ func refixMergeBase(x *xorm.Engine) error {
 			}
 
 			// we should recalculate
-			args := append([]string{"merge-base", "--"}, parents[1:]...)
-			args = append(args, gitRefName)
+			refs := append([]string{}, parents[1:]...)
+			refs = append(refs, gitRefName)
+			cmd := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "merge-base").AddDashesAndList(refs...)
 
-			pr.MergeBase, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, args...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+			pr.MergeBase, _, err = cmd.RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("Unable to get merge base for merged PR ID %d, Index %d in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, baseRepo.OwnerName, baseRepo.Name, err)
 				continue

modules/doctor/heads.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func synchronizeRepoHeads(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool)
 		numRepos++
 		runOpts := &git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()}
 
-		_, _, defaultBranchErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse", "--", repo.DefaultBranch).RunStdString(runOpts)
+		_, _, defaultBranchErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse").AddDashesAndList(repo.DefaultBranch).RunStdString(runOpts)
 
 		head, _, headErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref", "--short", "HEAD").RunStdString(runOpts)
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func synchronizeRepoHeads(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool)
 		}
 
 		// otherwise, let's try fixing HEAD
-		err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref", "--", "HEAD", repo.DefaultBranch).Run(runOpts)
+		err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref").AddDashesAndList("HEAD", repo.DefaultBranch).Run(runOpts)
 		if err != nil {
 			logger.Warn("Failed to fix HEAD for %s/%s: %v", repo.OwnerName, repo.Name, err)
 			return nil

modules/doctor/mergebase.go

@@ -44,17 +44,17 @@ func checkPRMergeBase(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool) erro
 
 			if !pr.HasMerged {
 				var err error
-				pr.MergeBase, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge-base", "--", pr.BaseBranch, pr.GetGitRefName()).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				pr.MergeBase, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge-base").AddDashesAndList(pr.BaseBranch, pr.GetGitRefName()).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 				if err != nil {
 					var err2 error
-					pr.MergeBase, _, err2 = git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse", git.BranchPrefix+pr.BaseBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+					pr.MergeBase, _, err2 = git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse").AddDynamicArguments(git.BranchPrefix + pr.BaseBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 					if err2 != nil {
 						logger.Warn("Unable to get merge base for PR ID %d, #%d onto %s in %s/%s. Error: %v & %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, pr.BaseBranch, pr.BaseRepo.OwnerName, pr.BaseRepo.Name, err, err2)
 						return nil
 					}
 				}
 			} else {
-				parentsString, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1", pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				parentsString, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--parents", "-n", "1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.MergedCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 				if err != nil {
 					logger.Warn("Unable to get parents for merged PR ID %d, #%d onto %s in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, pr.BaseBranch, pr.BaseRepo.OwnerName, pr.BaseRepo.Name, err)
 					return nil
@@ -64,10 +64,10 @@ func checkPRMergeBase(ctx context.Context, logger log.Logger, autofix bool) erro
 					return nil
 				}
 
-				args := append([]string{"merge-base", "--"}, parents[1:]...)
-				args = append(args, pr.GetGitRefName())
-
-				pr.MergeBase, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, args...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+				refs := append([]string{}, parents[1:]...)
+				refs = append(refs, pr.GetGitRefName())
+				cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge-base").AddDashesAndList(refs...)
+				pr.MergeBase, _, err = cmd.RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 				if err != nil {
 					logger.Warn("Unable to get merge base for merged PR ID %d, #%d onto %s in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.ID, pr.Index, pr.BaseBranch, pr.BaseRepo.OwnerName, pr.BaseRepo.Name, err)
 					return nil

modules/git/command.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 
 var (
 	// globalCommandArgs global command args for external package setting
-	globalCommandArgs []string
+	globalCommandArgs []CmdArg
 
 	// defaultCommandExecutionTimeout default command execution timeout duration
 	defaultCommandExecutionTimeout = 360 * time.Second
@@ -43,6 +43,8 @@ type Command struct {
 	brokenArgs       []string
 }
 
+type CmdArg string
+
 func (c *Command) String() string {
 	if len(c.args) == 0 {
 		return c.name
@@ -52,13 +54,18 @@ func (c *Command) String() string {
 
 // NewCommand creates and returns a new Git Command based on given command and arguments.
 // Each argument should be safe to be trusted. User-provided arguments should be passed to AddDynamicArguments instead.
-func NewCommand(ctx context.Context, args ...string) *Command {
+func NewCommand(ctx context.Context, args ...CmdArg) *Command {
 	// Make an explicit copy of globalCommandArgs, otherwise append might overwrite it
-	cargs := make([]string, len(globalCommandArgs))
-	copy(cargs, globalCommandArgs)
+	cargs := make([]string, 0, len(globalCommandArgs)+len(args))
+	for _, arg := range globalCommandArgs {
+		cargs = append(cargs, string(arg))
+	}
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		cargs = append(cargs, string(arg))
+	}
 	return &Command{
 		name:             GitExecutable,
-		args:             append(cargs, args...),
+		args:             cargs,
 		parentContext:    ctx,
 		globalArgsLength: len(globalCommandArgs),
 	}
@@ -66,16 +73,20 @@ func NewCommand(ctx context.Context, args ...string) *Command {
 
 // NewCommandNoGlobals creates and returns a new Git Command based on given command and arguments only with the specify args and don't care global command args
 // Each argument should be safe to be trusted. User-provided arguments should be passed to AddDynamicArguments instead.
-func NewCommandNoGlobals(args ...string) *Command {
+func NewCommandNoGlobals(args ...CmdArg) *Command {
 	return NewCommandContextNoGlobals(DefaultContext, args...)
 }
 
 // NewCommandContextNoGlobals creates and returns a new Git Command based on given command and arguments only with the specify args and don't care global command args
 // Each argument should be safe to be trusted. User-provided arguments should be passed to AddDynamicArguments instead.
-func NewCommandContextNoGlobals(ctx context.Context, args ...string) *Command {
+func NewCommandContextNoGlobals(ctx context.Context, args ...CmdArg) *Command {
+	cargs := make([]string, 0, len(args))
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		cargs = append(cargs, string(arg))
+	}
 	return &Command{
 		name:          GitExecutable,
-		args:          args,
+		args:          cargs,
 		parentContext: ctx,
 	}
 }
@@ -93,10 +104,12 @@ func (c *Command) SetDescription(desc string) *Command {
 	return c
 }
 
-// AddArguments adds new argument(s) to the command. Each argument must be safe to be trusted.
+// AddArguments adds new git argument(s) to the command. Each argument must be safe to be trusted.
 // User-provided arguments should be passed to AddDynamicArguments instead.
-func (c *Command) AddArguments(args ...string) *Command {
-	c.args = append(c.args, args...)
+func (c *Command) AddArguments(args ...CmdArg) *Command {
+	for _, arg := range args {
+		c.args = append(c.args, string(arg))
+	}
 	return c
 }
 
@@ -115,6 +128,26 @@ func (c *Command) AddDynamicArguments(args ...string) *Command {
 	return c
 }
 
+// AddDashesAndList adds the "--" and then add the list as arguments, it's usually for adding file list
+// At the moment, this function can be only called once, maybe in future it can be refactored to support multiple calls (if necessary)
+func (c *Command) AddDashesAndList(list ...string) *Command {
+	c.args = append(c.args, "--")
+	// Some old code also checks `arg != ""`, IMO it's not necessary.
+	// If the check is needed, the list should be prepared before the call to this function
+	c.args = append(c.args, list...)
+	return c
+}
+
+// CmdArgCheck checks whether the string is safe to be used as a dynamic argument.
+// It panics if the check fails. Usually it should not be used, it's just for refactoring purpose
+// deprecated
+func CmdArgCheck(s string) CmdArg {
+	if s != "" && s[0] == '-' {
+		panic("invalid git cmd argument: " + s)
+	}
+	return CmdArg(s)
+}
+
 // RunOpts represents parameters to run the command. If UseContextTimeout is specified, then Timeout is ignored.
 type RunOpts struct {
 	Env               []string
@@ -153,7 +186,7 @@ func CommonGitCmdEnvs() []string {
 	}...)
 }
 
-// CommonCmdServEnvs is like CommonGitCmdEnvs but it only returns minimal required environment variables for the "gitea serv" command
+// CommonCmdServEnvs is like CommonGitCmdEnvs, but it only returns minimal required environment variables for the "gitea serv" command
 func CommonCmdServEnvs() []string {
 	return commonBaseEnvs()
 }
@@ -318,12 +351,12 @@ func (c *Command) RunStdBytes(opts *RunOpts) (stdout, stderr []byte, runErr RunS
 }
 
 // AllowLFSFiltersArgs return globalCommandArgs with lfs filter, it should only be used for tests
-func AllowLFSFiltersArgs() []string {
+func AllowLFSFiltersArgs() []CmdArg {
 	// Now here we should explicitly allow lfs filters to run
-	filteredLFSGlobalArgs := make([]string, len(globalCommandArgs))
+	filteredLFSGlobalArgs := make([]CmdArg, len(globalCommandArgs))
 	j := 0
 	for _, arg := range globalCommandArgs {
-		if strings.Contains(arg, "lfs") {
+		if strings.Contains(string(arg), "lfs") {
 			j--
 		} else {
 			filteredLFSGlobalArgs[j] = arg

modules/git/commit.go

@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ func AddChanges(repoPath string, all bool, files ...string) error {
 }
 
 // AddChangesWithArgs marks local changes to be ready for commit.
-func AddChangesWithArgs(repoPath string, globalArgs []string, all bool, files ...string) error {
+func AddChangesWithArgs(repoPath string, globalArgs []CmdArg, all bool, files ...string) error {
 	cmd := NewCommandNoGlobals(append(globalArgs, "add")...)
 	if all {
 		cmd.AddArguments("--all")
 	}
-	cmd.AddArguments("--")
-	_, _, err := cmd.AddArguments(files...).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(files...)
+	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -112,17 +112,17 @@ type CommitChangesOptions struct {
 // CommitChanges commits local changes with given committer, author and message.
 // If author is nil, it will be the same as committer.
 func CommitChanges(repoPath string, opts CommitChangesOptions) error {
-	cargs := make([]string, len(globalCommandArgs))
+	cargs := make([]CmdArg, len(globalCommandArgs))
 	copy(cargs, globalCommandArgs)
 	return CommitChangesWithArgs(repoPath, cargs, opts)
 }
 
 // CommitChangesWithArgs commits local changes with given committer, author and message.
 // If author is nil, it will be the same as committer.
-func CommitChangesWithArgs(repoPath string, args []string, opts CommitChangesOptions) error {
+func CommitChangesWithArgs(repoPath string, args []CmdArg, opts CommitChangesOptions) error {
 	cmd := NewCommandNoGlobals(args...)
 	if opts.Committer != nil {
-		cmd.AddArguments("-c", "user.name="+opts.Committer.Name, "-c", "user.email="+opts.Committer.Email)
+		cmd.AddArguments("-c", CmdArg("user.name="+opts.Committer.Name), "-c", CmdArg("user.email="+opts.Committer.Email))
 	}
 	cmd.AddArguments("commit")
 
@@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ func CommitChangesWithArgs(repoPath string, args []string, opts CommitChangesOpt
 		opts.Author = opts.Committer
 	}
 	if opts.Author != nil {
-		cmd.AddArguments(fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", opts.Author.Name, opts.Author.Email))
+		cmd.AddArguments(CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", opts.Author.Name, opts.Author.Email)))
 	}
-	cmd.AddArguments("-m", opts.Message)
+	cmd.AddArguments("-m").AddDynamicArguments(opts.Message)
 
 	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	// No stderr but exit status 1 means nothing to commit.
@@ -144,15 +144,13 @@ func CommitChangesWithArgs(repoPath string, args []string, opts CommitChangesOpt
 
 // AllCommitsCount returns count of all commits in repository
 func AllCommitsCount(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, hidePRRefs bool, files ...string) (int64, error) {
-	args := []string{"--all", "--count"}
+	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list")
 	if hidePRRefs {
-		args = append([]string{"--exclude=" + PullPrefix + "*"}, args...)
+		cmd.AddArguments("--exclude=" + PullPrefix + "*")
 	}
-	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list")
-	cmd.AddArguments(args...)
+	cmd.AddArguments("--all", "--count")
 	if len(files) > 0 {
-		cmd.AddArguments("--")
-		cmd.AddArguments(files...)
+		cmd.AddDashesAndList(files...)
 	}
 
 	stdout, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
@@ -168,8 +166,7 @@ func CommitsCountFiles(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, revision, relpath [
 	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--count")
 	cmd.AddDynamicArguments(revision...)
 	if len(relpath) > 0 {
-		cmd.AddArguments("--")
-		cmd.AddArguments(relpath...)
+		cmd.AddDashesAndList(relpath...)
 	}
 
 	stdout, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
@@ -209,7 +206,7 @@ func (c *Commit) HasPreviousCommit(commitHash SHA1) (bool, error) {
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(c.repo.Ctx, "merge-base", "--is-ancestor", that, this).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(c.repo.Ctx, "merge-base", "--is-ancestor").AddDynamicArguments(that, this).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
 	if err == nil {
 		return true, nil
 	}
@@ -392,15 +389,12 @@ func (c *Commit) GetSubModule(entryname string) (*SubModule, error) {
 
 // GetBranchName gets the closest branch name (as returned by 'git name-rev --name-only')
 func (c *Commit) GetBranchName() (string, error) {
-	args := []string{
-		"name-rev",
-	}
+	cmd := NewCommand(c.repo.Ctx, "name-rev")
 	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.13.0") == nil {
-		args = append(args, "--exclude", "refs/tags/*")
+		cmd.AddArguments("--exclude", "refs/tags/*")
 	}
-	args = append(args, "--name-only", "--no-undefined", c.ID.String())
-
-	data, _, err := NewCommand(c.repo.Ctx, args...).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
+	cmd.AddArguments("--name-only", "--no-undefined").AddDynamicArguments(c.ID.String())
+	data, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		// handle special case where git can not describe commit
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "cannot describe") {
@@ -426,7 +420,7 @@ func (c *Commit) LoadBranchName() (err error) {
 
 // GetTagName gets the current tag name for given commit
 func (c *Commit) GetTagName() (string, error) {
-	data, _, err := NewCommand(c.repo.Ctx, "describe", "--exact-match", "--tags", "--always", c.ID.String()).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
+	data, _, err := NewCommand(c.repo.Ctx, "describe", "--exact-match", "--tags", "--always").AddDynamicArguments(c.ID.String()).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: c.repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		// handle special case where there is no tag for this commit
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no tag exactly matches") {
@@ -503,9 +497,7 @@ func GetCommitFileStatus(ctx context.Context, repoPath, commitID string) (*Commi
 	}()
 
 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	args := []string{"log", "--name-status", "-c", "--pretty=format:", "--parents", "--no-renames", "-z", "-1", commitID}
-
-	err := NewCommand(ctx, args...).Run(&RunOpts{
+	err := NewCommand(ctx, "log", "--name-status", "-c", "--pretty=format:", "--parents", "--no-renames", "-z", "-1").AddDynamicArguments(commitID).Run(&RunOpts{
 		Dir:    repoPath,
 		Stdout: w,
 		Stderr: stderr,
@@ -521,7 +513,7 @@ func GetCommitFileStatus(ctx context.Context, repoPath, commitID string) (*Commi
 
 // GetFullCommitID returns full length (40) of commit ID by given short SHA in a repository.
 func GetFullCommitID(ctx context.Context, repoPath, shortID string) (string, error) {
-	commitID, _, err := NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse", shortID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	commitID, _, err := NewCommand(ctx, "rev-parse").AddDynamicArguments(shortID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	if err != nil {
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "exit status 128") {
 			return "", ErrNotExist{shortID, ""}

modules/git/diff.go

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ func GetRawDiff(repo *Repository, commitID string, diffType RawDiffType, writer
 // GetReverseRawDiff dumps the reverse diff results of repository in given commit ID to io.Writer.
 func GetReverseRawDiff(ctx context.Context, repoPath, commitID string, writer io.Writer) error {
 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "show", "--pretty=format:revert %H%n", "-R", commitID)
+	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "show", "--pretty=format:revert %H%n", "-R").AddDynamicArguments(commitID)
 	if err := cmd.Run(&RunOpts{
 		Dir:    repoPath,
 		Stdout: writer,
@@ -52,39 +52,38 @@ func GetRepoRawDiffForFile(repo *Repository, startCommit, endCommit string, diff
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
-	fileArgs := make([]string, 0)
+	var files []string
 	if len(file) > 0 {
-		fileArgs = append(fileArgs, "--", file)
+		files = append(files, file)
 	}
 
-	var args []string
+	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx)
 	switch diffType {
 	case RawDiffNormal:
 		if len(startCommit) != 0 {
-			args = append([]string{"diff", "-M", startCommit, endCommit}, fileArgs...)
+			cmd.AddArguments("diff", "-M").AddDynamicArguments(startCommit, endCommit).AddDashesAndList(files...)
 		} else if commit.ParentCount() == 0 {
-			args = append([]string{"show", endCommit}, fileArgs...)
+			cmd.AddArguments("show").AddDynamicArguments(endCommit).AddDashesAndList(files...)
 		} else {
 			c, _ := commit.Parent(0)
-			args = append([]string{"diff", "-M", c.ID.String(), endCommit}, fileArgs...)
+			cmd.AddArguments("diff", "-M").AddDynamicArguments(c.ID.String(), endCommit).AddDashesAndList(files...)
 		}
 	case RawDiffPatch:
 		if len(startCommit) != 0 {
 			query := fmt.Sprintf("%s...%s", endCommit, startCommit)
-			args = append([]string{"format-patch", "--no-signature", "--stdout", "--root", query}, fileArgs...)
+			cmd.AddArguments("format-patch", "--no-signature", "--stdout", "--root").AddDynamicArguments(query).AddDashesAndList(files...)
 		} else if commit.ParentCount() == 0 {
-			args = append([]string{"format-patch", "--no-signature", "--stdout", "--root", endCommit}, fileArgs...)
+			cmd.AddArguments("format-patch", "--no-signature", "--stdout", "--root").AddDynamicArguments(endCommit).AddDashesAndList(files...)
 		} else {
 			c, _ := commit.Parent(0)
 			query := fmt.Sprintf("%s...%s", endCommit, c.ID.String())
-			args = append([]string{"format-patch", "--no-signature", "--stdout", query}, fileArgs...)
+			cmd.AddArguments("format-patch", "--no-signature", "--stdout").AddDynamicArguments(query).AddDashesAndList(files...)
 		}
 	default:
 		return fmt.Errorf("invalid diffType: %s", diffType)
 	}
 
 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, args...)
 	if err = cmd.Run(&RunOpts{
 		Dir:    repo.Path,
 		Stdout: writer,
@@ -287,7 +286,7 @@ func GetAffectedFiles(repo *Repository, oldCommitID, newCommitID string, env []s
 	affectedFiles := make([]string, 0, 32)
 
 	// Run `git diff --name-only` to get the names of the changed files
-	err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only", oldCommitID, newCommitID).
+	err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(oldCommitID, newCommitID).
 		Run(&RunOpts{
 			Env:    env,
 			Dir:    repo.Path,

modules/git/git.go

@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ func CheckGitVersionAtLeast(atLeast string) error {
 }
 
 func configSet(key, value string) error {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get", key).RunStdString(nil)
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(nil)
 	if err != nil && !err.IsExitCode(1) {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to get git config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 	}
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ func configSet(key, value string) error {
 		return nil
 	}
 
-	_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global", key, value).RunStdString(nil)
+	_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(nil)
 	if err != nil {
 		return fmt.Errorf("failed to set git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 	}
@@ -332,14 +332,14 @@ func configSet(key, value string) error {
 }
 
 func configSetNonExist(key, value string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get", key).RunStdString(nil)
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(nil)
 	if err == nil {
 		// already exist
 		return nil
 	}
 	if err.IsExitCode(1) {
 		// not exist, set new config
-		_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global", key, value).RunStdString(nil)
+		_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to set git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 		}
@@ -350,14 +350,14 @@ func configSetNonExist(key, value string) error {
 }
 
 func configAddNonExist(key, value string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get", key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(nil)
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(nil)
 	if err == nil {
 		// already exist
 		return nil
 	}
 	if err.IsExitCode(1) {
 		// not exist, add new config
-		_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global", "--add", key, value).RunStdString(nil)
+		_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global", "--add").AddDynamicArguments(key, value).RunStdString(nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to add git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 		}
@@ -367,10 +367,10 @@ func configAddNonExist(key, value string) error {
 }
 
 func configUnsetAll(key, value string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get", key).RunStdString(nil)
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--get").AddDynamicArguments(key).RunStdString(nil)
 	if err == nil {
 		// exist, need to remove
-		_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global", "--unset-all", key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(nil)
+		_, _, err = NewCommand(DefaultContext, "config", "--global", "--unset-all").AddDynamicArguments(key, regexp.QuoteMeta(value)).RunStdString(nil)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("failed to unset git global config %s, err: %w", key, err)
 		}
@@ -384,6 +384,6 @@ func configUnsetAll(key, value string) error {
 }
 
 // Fsck verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
-func Fsck(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, timeout time.Duration, args ...string) error {
+func Fsck(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, timeout time.Duration, args ...CmdArg) error {
 	return NewCommand(ctx, "fsck").AddArguments(args...).Run(&RunOpts{Timeout: timeout, Dir: repoPath})
 }

modules/git/log_name_status.go

@@ -35,30 +35,33 @@ func LogNameStatusRepo(ctx context.Context, repository, head, treepath string, p
 		_ = stdoutWriter.Close()
 	}
 
-	args := make([]string, 0, 8+len(paths))
-	args = append(args, "log", "--name-status", "-c", "--format=commit%x00%H %P%x00", "--parents", "--no-renames", "-t", "-z", head, "--")
+	cmd := NewCommand(ctx)
+	cmd.AddArguments("log", "--name-status", "-c", "--format=commit%x00%H %P%x00", "--parents", "--no-renames", "-t", "-z").AddDynamicArguments(head)
+
+	var files []string
 	if len(paths) < 70 {
 		if treepath != "" {
-			args = append(args, treepath)
+			files = append(files, treepath)
 			for _, pth := range paths {
 				if pth != "" {
-					args = append(args, path.Join(treepath, pth))
+					files = append(files, path.Join(treepath, pth))
 				}
 			}
 		} else {
 			for _, pth := range paths {
 				if pth != "" {
-					args = append(args, pth)
+					files = append(files, pth)
 				}
 			}
 		}
 	} else if treepath != "" {
-		args = append(args, treepath)
+		files = append(files, treepath)
 	}
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(files...)
 
 	go func() {
 		stderr := strings.Builder{}
-		err := NewCommand(ctx, args...).Run(&RunOpts{
+		err := cmd.Run(&RunOpts{
 			Dir:    repository,
 			Stdout: stdoutWriter,
 			Stderr: &stderr,

modules/git/pipeline/revlist.go

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func RevListObjects(ctx context.Context, revListWriter *io.PipeWriter, wg *sync.
 	defer revListWriter.Close()
 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	var errbuf strings.Builder
-	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--objects", headSHA, "--not", baseSHA)
+	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--objects").AddDynamicArguments(headSHA).AddArguments("--not").AddDynamicArguments(baseSHA)
 	if err := cmd.Run(&git.RunOpts{
 		Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 		Stdout: revListWriter,

modules/git/remote.go

@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@ import (
 func GetRemoteAddress(ctx context.Context, repoPath, remoteName string) (string, error) {
 	var cmd *Command
 	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.7") == nil {
-		cmd = NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "get-url", remoteName)
+		cmd = NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "get-url").AddDynamicArguments(remoteName)
 	} else {
-		cmd = NewCommand(ctx, "config", "--get", "remote."+remoteName+".url")
+		cmd = NewCommand(ctx, "config", "--get").AddDynamicArguments("remote." + remoteName + ".url")
 	}
 
 	result, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})

modules/git/repo.go

@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) parsePrettyFormatLogToList(logs []byte) ([]*Commit, erro
 
 // IsRepoURLAccessible checks if given repository URL is accessible.
 func IsRepoURLAccessible(ctx context.Context, url string) bool {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(ctx, "ls-remote", "-q", "-h", url, "HEAD").RunStdString(nil)
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(ctx, "ls-remote", "-q", "-h").AddDynamicArguments(url, "HEAD").RunStdString(nil)
 	return err == nil
 }
 
@@ -112,13 +112,11 @@ type CloneRepoOptions struct {
 
 // Clone clones original repository to target path.
 func Clone(ctx context.Context, from, to string, opts CloneRepoOptions) error {
-	cargs := make([]string, len(globalCommandArgs))
-	copy(cargs, globalCommandArgs)
-	return CloneWithArgs(ctx, from, to, cargs, opts)
+	return CloneWithArgs(ctx, globalCommandArgs, from, to, opts)
 }
 
 // CloneWithArgs original repository to target path.
-func CloneWithArgs(ctx context.Context, from, to string, args []string, opts CloneRepoOptions) (err error) {
+func CloneWithArgs(ctx context.Context, args []CmdArg, from, to string, opts CloneRepoOptions) (err error) {
 	toDir := path.Dir(to)
 	if err = os.MkdirAll(toDir, os.ModePerm); err != nil {
 		return err
@@ -144,15 +142,15 @@ func CloneWithArgs(ctx context.Context, from, to string, args []string, opts Clo
 		cmd.AddArguments("--no-checkout")
 	}
 	if opts.Depth > 0 {
-		cmd.AddArguments("--depth", strconv.Itoa(opts.Depth))
+		cmd.AddArguments("--depth").AddDynamicArguments(strconv.Itoa(opts.Depth))
 	}
 	if opts.Filter != "" {
-		cmd.AddArguments("--filter", opts.Filter)
+		cmd.AddArguments("--filter").AddDynamicArguments(opts.Filter)
 	}
 	if len(opts.Branch) > 0 {
-		cmd.AddArguments("-b", opts.Branch)
+		cmd.AddArguments("-b").AddDynamicArguments(opts.Branch)
 	}
-	cmd.AddArguments("--", from, to)
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(from, to)
 
 	if strings.Contains(from, "://") && strings.Contains(from, "@") {
 		cmd.SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("clone branch %s from %s to %s (shared: %t, mirror: %t, depth: %d)", opts.Branch, util.SanitizeCredentialURLs(from), to, opts.Shared, opts.Mirror, opts.Depth))
@@ -203,10 +201,12 @@ func Push(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, opts PushOptions) error {
 	if opts.Mirror {
 		cmd.AddArguments("--mirror")
 	}
-	cmd.AddArguments("--", opts.Remote)
+	remoteBranchArgs := []string{opts.Remote}
 	if len(opts.Branch) > 0 {
-		cmd.AddArguments(opts.Branch)
+		remoteBranchArgs = append(remoteBranchArgs, opts.Branch)
 	}
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(remoteBranchArgs...)
+
 	if strings.Contains(opts.Remote, "://") && strings.Contains(opts.Remote, "@") {
 		cmd.SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("push branch %s to %s (force: %t, mirror: %t)", opts.Branch, util.SanitizeCredentialURLs(opts.Remote), opts.Force, opts.Mirror))
 	} else {
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ type DivergeObject struct {
 
 func checkDivergence(ctx context.Context, repoPath, baseBranch, targetBranch string) (int, error) {
 	branches := fmt.Sprintf("%s..%s", baseBranch, targetBranch)
-	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--count", branches)
+	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--count").AddDynamicArguments(branches)
 	stdout, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	if err != nil {
 		return -1, err
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) CreateBundle(ctx context.Context, commit string, out io.
 		return err
 	}
 
-	_, _, err = NewCommand(ctx, "reset", "--soft", commit).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: tmp, Env: env})
+	_, _, err = NewCommand(ctx, "reset", "--soft").AddDynamicArguments(commit).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: tmp, Env: env})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) CreateBundle(ctx context.Context, commit string, out io.
 	}
 
 	tmpFile := filepath.Join(tmp, "bundle")
-	_, _, err = NewCommand(ctx, "bundle", "create", tmpFile, "bundle", "HEAD").RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: tmp, Env: env})
+	_, _, err = NewCommand(ctx, "bundle", "create").AddDynamicArguments(tmpFile, "bundle", "HEAD").RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: tmp, Env: env})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}

modules/git/repo_archive.go

@@ -44,20 +44,15 @@ func (repo *Repository) CreateArchive(ctx context.Context, format ArchiveType, t
 		return fmt.Errorf("unknown format: %v", format)
 	}
 
-	args := []string{
-		"archive",
-	}
+	cmd := NewCommand(ctx, "archive")
 	if usePrefix {
-		args = append(args, "--prefix="+filepath.Base(strings.TrimSuffix(repo.Path, ".git"))+"/")
+		cmd.AddArguments(CmdArg("--prefix=" + filepath.Base(strings.TrimSuffix(repo.Path, ".git")) + "/"))
 	}
-
-	args = append(args,
-		"--format="+format.String(),
-		commitID,
-	)
+	cmd.AddArguments(CmdArg("--format=" + format.String()))
+	cmd.AddDynamicArguments(commitID)
 
 	var stderr strings.Builder
-	err := NewCommand(ctx, args...).Run(&RunOpts{
+	err := cmd.Run(&RunOpts{
 		Dir:    repo.Path,
 		Stdout: target,
 		Stderr: &stderr,

modules/git/repo_attribute.go

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import (
 type CheckAttributeOpts struct {
 	CachedOnly    bool
 	AllAttributes bool
-	Attributes    []string
+	Attributes    []CmdArg
 	Filenames     []string
 	IndexFile     string
 	WorkTree      string
@@ -44,31 +44,23 @@ func (repo *Repository) CheckAttribute(opts CheckAttributeOpts) (map[string]map[
 	stdOut := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	stdErr := new(bytes.Buffer)
 
-	cmdArgs := []string{"check-attr", "-z"}
+	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "check-attr", "-z")
 
 	if opts.AllAttributes {
-		cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, "-a")
+		cmd.AddArguments("-a")
 	} else {
 		for _, attribute := range opts.Attributes {
 			if attribute != "" {
-				cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, attribute)
+				cmd.AddArguments(attribute)
 			}
 		}
 	}
 
 	if opts.CachedOnly {
-		cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, "--cached")
-	}
-
-	cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, "--")
-
-	for _, arg := range opts.Filenames {
-		if arg != "" {
-			cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, arg)
-		}
+		cmd.AddArguments("--cached")
 	}
 
-	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, cmdArgs...)
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(opts.Filenames...)
 
 	if err := cmd.Run(&RunOpts{
 		Env:    env,
@@ -106,7 +98,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) CheckAttribute(opts CheckAttributeOpts) (map[string]map[
 // CheckAttributeReader provides a reader for check-attribute content that can be long running
 type CheckAttributeReader struct {
 	// params
-	Attributes []string
+	Attributes []CmdArg
 	Repo       *Repository
 	IndexFile  string
 	WorkTree   string
@@ -122,7 +114,7 @@ type CheckAttributeReader struct {
 
 // Init initializes the CheckAttributeReader
 func (c *CheckAttributeReader) Init(ctx context.Context) error {
-	cmdArgs := []string{"check-attr", "--stdin", "-z"}
+	cmdArgs := []CmdArg{"check-attr", "--stdin", "-z"}
 
 	if len(c.IndexFile) > 0 {
 		cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, "--cached")
@@ -401,7 +393,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) CheckAttributeReader(commitID string) (*CheckAttributeRe
 	}
 
 	checker := &CheckAttributeReader{
-		Attributes: []string{"linguist-vendored", "linguist-generated", "linguist-language", "gitlab-language"},
+		Attributes: []CmdArg{"linguist-vendored", "linguist-generated", "linguist-language", "gitlab-language"},
 		Repo:       repo,
 		IndexFile:  indexFilename,
 		WorkTree:   worktree,

modules/git/repo_blame.go

@@ -8,13 +8,16 @@ import "fmt"
 
 // FileBlame return the Blame object of file
 func (repo *Repository) FileBlame(revision, path, file string) ([]byte, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "blame", "--root", "--", file).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "blame", "--root").AddDashesAndList(file).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: path})
 	return stdout, err
 }
 
 // LineBlame returns the latest commit at the given line
 func (repo *Repository) LineBlame(revision, path, file string, line uint) (*Commit, error) {
-	res, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "blame", fmt.Sprintf("-L %d,%d", line, line), "-p", revision, "--", file).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: path})
+	res, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "blame").
+		AddArguments(CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("-L %d,%d", line, line))).
+		AddArguments("-p").AddDynamicArguments(revision).
+		AddDashesAndList(file).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}

modules/git/repo_branch.go

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ const PullRequestPrefix = "refs/for/"
 
 // IsReferenceExist returns true if given reference exists in the repository.
 func IsReferenceExist(ctx context.Context, repoPath, name string) bool {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(ctx, "show-ref", "--verify", "--", name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(ctx, "show-ref", "--verify").AddDashesAndList(name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	return err == nil
 }
 
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetHEADBranch() (*Branch, error) {
 
 // SetDefaultBranch sets default branch of repository.
 func (repo *Repository) SetDefaultBranch(name string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "symbolic-ref", "HEAD", BranchPrefix+name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "symbolic-ref", "HEAD").AddDynamicArguments(BranchPrefix + name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) DeleteBranch(name string, opts DeleteBranchOptions) erro
 		cmd.AddArguments("-d")
 	}
 
-	cmd.AddArguments("--", name)
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(name)
 	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 
 	return err
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) DeleteBranch(name string, opts DeleteBranchOptions) erro
 // CreateBranch create a new branch
 func (repo *Repository) CreateBranch(branch, oldbranchOrCommit string) error {
 	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "branch")
-	cmd.AddArguments("--", branch, oldbranchOrCommit)
+	cmd.AddDashesAndList(branch, oldbranchOrCommit)
 
 	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) AddRemote(name, url string, fetch bool) error {
 	if fetch {
 		cmd.AddArguments("-f")
 	}
-	cmd.AddArguments(name, url)
+	cmd.AddDynamicArguments(name, url)
 
 	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) AddRemote(name, url string, fetch bool) error {
 
 // RemoveRemote removes a remote from repository.
 func (repo *Repository) RemoveRemote(name string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "remote", "rm", name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "remote", "rm").AddDynamicArguments(name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -182,6 +182,6 @@ func (branch *Branch) GetCommit() (*Commit, error) {
 
 // RenameBranch rename a branch
 func (repo *Repository) RenameBranch(from, to string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "branch", "-m", from, to).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "branch", "-m").AddDynamicArguments(from, to).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }

modules/git/repo_branch_nogogit.go

@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) IsBranchExist(name string) bool {
 // GetBranchNames returns branches from the repository, skipping skip initial branches and
 // returning at most limit branches, or all branches if limit is 0.
 func (repo *Repository) GetBranchNames(skip, limit int) ([]string, int, error) {
-	return callShowRef(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, BranchPrefix, []string{BranchPrefix, "--sort=-committerdate"}, skip, limit)
+	return callShowRef(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, BranchPrefix, []CmdArg{BranchPrefix, "--sort=-committerdate"}, skip, limit)
 }
 
 // WalkReferences walks all the references from the repository
@@ -74,19 +74,19 @@ func WalkReferences(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, walkfn func(sha1, refn
 // WalkReferences walks all the references from the repository
 // refType should be empty, ObjectTag or ObjectBranch. All other values are equivalent to empty.
 func (repo *Repository) WalkReferences(refType ObjectType, skip, limit int, walkfn func(sha1, refname string) error) (int, error) {
-	var args []string
+	var args []CmdArg
 	switch refType {
 	case ObjectTag:
-		args = []string{TagPrefix, "--sort=-taggerdate"}
+		args = []CmdArg{TagPrefix, "--sort=-taggerdate"}
 	case ObjectBranch:
-		args = []string{BranchPrefix, "--sort=-committerdate"}
+		args = []CmdArg{BranchPrefix, "--sort=-committerdate"}
 	}
 
 	return walkShowRef(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, args, skip, limit, walkfn)
 }
 
 // callShowRef return refs, if limit = 0 it will not limit
-func callShowRef(ctx context.Context, repoPath, trimPrefix string, extraArgs []string, skip, limit int) (branchNames []string, countAll int, err error) {
+func callShowRef(ctx context.Context, repoPath, trimPrefix string, extraArgs []CmdArg, skip, limit int) (branchNames []string, countAll int, err error) {
 	countAll, err = walkShowRef(ctx, repoPath, extraArgs, skip, limit, func(_, branchName string) error {
 		branchName = strings.TrimPrefix(branchName, trimPrefix)
 		branchNames = append(branchNames, branchName)
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func callShowRef(ctx context.Context, repoPath, trimPrefix string, extraArgs []s
 	return branchNames, countAll, err
 }
 
-func walkShowRef(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, extraArgs []string, skip, limit int, walkfn func(sha1, refname string) error) (countAll int, err error) {
+func walkShowRef(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, extraArgs []CmdArg, skip, limit int, walkfn func(sha1, refname string) error) (countAll int, err error) {
 	stdoutReader, stdoutWriter := io.Pipe()
 	defer func() {
 		_ = stdoutReader.Close()
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ func walkShowRef(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, extraArgs []string, skip,
 
 	go func() {
 		stderrBuilder := &strings.Builder{}
-		args := []string{"for-each-ref", "--format=%(objectname) %(refname)"}
+		args := []CmdArg{"for-each-ref", "--format=%(objectname) %(refname)"}
 		args = append(args, extraArgs...)
 		err := NewCommand(ctx, args...).Run(&RunOpts{
 			Dir:    repoPath,

modules/git/repo_commit.go

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) getCommitByPathWithID(id SHA1, relpath string) (*Commit,
 		relpath = `\` + relpath
 	}
 
-	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", "-1", prettyLogFormat, id.String(), "--", relpath).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", "-1", prettyLogFormat).AddDynamicArguments(id.String()).AddDashesAndList(relpath).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if runErr != nil {
 		return nil, runErr
 	}
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) getCommitByPathWithID(id SHA1, relpath string) (*Commit,
 
 // GetCommitByPath returns the last commit of relative path.
 func (repo *Repository) GetCommitByPath(relpath string) (*Commit, error) {
-	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", "-1", prettyLogFormat, "--", relpath).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", "-1", prettyLogFormat).AddDashesAndList(relpath).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if runErr != nil {
 		return nil, runErr
 	}
@@ -89,8 +89,10 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetCommitByPath(relpath string) (*Commit, error) {
 }
 
 func (repo *Repository) commitsByRange(id SHA1, page, pageSize int) ([]*Commit, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", id.String(), "--skip="+strconv.Itoa((page-1)*pageSize),
-		"--max-count="+strconv.Itoa(pageSize), prettyLogFormat).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log").
+		AddArguments(CmdArg("--skip="+strconv.Itoa((page-1)*pageSize)), CmdArg("--max-count="+strconv.Itoa(pageSize)), prettyLogFormat).
+		AddDynamicArguments(id.String()).
+		RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -99,30 +101,30 @@ func (repo *Repository) commitsByRange(id SHA1, page, pageSize int) ([]*Commit,
 
 func (repo *Repository) searchCommits(id SHA1, opts SearchCommitsOptions) ([]*Commit, error) {
 	// create new git log command with limit of 100 commis
-	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", id.String(), "-100", prettyLogFormat)
+	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", "-100", prettyLogFormat).AddDynamicArguments(id.String())
 	// ignore case
-	args := []string{"-i"}
+	args := []CmdArg{"-i"}
 
 	// add authors if present in search query
 	if len(opts.Authors) > 0 {
 		for _, v := range opts.Authors {
-			args = append(args, "--author="+v)
+			args = append(args, CmdArg("--author="+v))
 		}
 	}
 
 	// add committers if present in search query
 	if len(opts.Committers) > 0 {
 		for _, v := range opts.Committers {
-			args = append(args, "--committer="+v)
+			args = append(args, CmdArg("--committer="+v))
 		}
 	}
 
 	// add time constraints if present in search query
 	if len(opts.After) > 0 {
-		args = append(args, "--after="+opts.After)
+		args = append(args, CmdArg("--after="+opts.After))
 	}
 	if len(opts.Before) > 0 {
-		args = append(args, "--before="+opts.Before)
+		args = append(args, CmdArg("--before="+opts.Before))
 	}
 
 	// pretend that all refs along with HEAD were listed on command line as <commis>
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) searchCommits(id SHA1, opts SearchCommitsOptions) ([]*Co
 	// note this is done only for command created above
 	if len(opts.Keywords) > 0 {
 		for _, v := range opts.Keywords {
-			cmd.AddArguments("--grep=" + v)
+			cmd.AddArguments(CmdArg("--grep=" + v))
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) searchCommits(id SHA1, opts SearchCommitsOptions) ([]*Co
 }
 
 func (repo *Repository) getFilesChanged(id1, id2 string) ([]string, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only", id1, id2).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(id1, id2).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -188,7 +190,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) getFilesChanged(id1, id2 string) ([]string, error) {
 // FileChangedBetweenCommits Returns true if the file changed between commit IDs id1 and id2
 // You must ensure that id1 and id2 are valid commit ids.
 func (repo *Repository) FileChangedBetweenCommits(filename, id1, id2 string) (bool, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only", "-z", id1, id2, "--", filename).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only", "-z").AddDynamicArguments(id1, id2).AddDashesAndList(filename).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}
@@ -211,12 +213,11 @@ func (repo *Repository) CommitsByFileAndRange(revision, file string, page int) (
 	}()
 	go func() {
 		stderr := strings.Builder{}
-		gitCmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list",
-			"--max-count="+strconv.Itoa(setting.Git.CommitsRangeSize*page),
-			"--skip="+strconv.Itoa(skip),
-		)
+		gitCmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list").
+			AddArguments(CmdArg("--max-count=" + strconv.Itoa(setting.Git.CommitsRangeSize*page))).
+			AddArguments(CmdArg("--skip=" + strconv.Itoa(skip)))
 		gitCmd.AddDynamicArguments(revision)
-		gitCmd.AddArguments("--", file)
+		gitCmd.AddDashesAndList(file)
 		err := gitCmd.Run(&RunOpts{
 			Dir:    repo.Path,
 			Stdout: stdoutWriter,
@@ -257,11 +258,11 @@ func (repo *Repository) CommitsByFileAndRange(revision, file string, page int) (
 
 // FilesCountBetween return the number of files changed between two commits
 func (repo *Repository) FilesCountBetween(startCommitID, endCommitID string) (int, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only", startCommitID+"..."+endCommitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(startCommitID + "..." + endCommitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no merge base") {
 		// git >= 2.28 now returns an error if startCommitID and endCommitID have become unrelated.
 		// previously it would return the results of git diff --name-only startCommitID endCommitID so let's try that...
-		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only", startCommitID, endCommitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(startCommitID, endCommitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return 0, err
@@ -275,13 +276,13 @@ func (repo *Repository) CommitsBetween(last, before *Commit) ([]*Commit, error)
 	var stdout []byte
 	var err error
 	if before == nil {
-		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list").AddDynamicArguments(last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	} else {
-		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", before.ID.String()+".."+last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list").AddDynamicArguments(before.ID.String() + ".." + last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no merge base") {
 			// future versions of git >= 2.28 are likely to return an error if before and last have become unrelated.
 			// previously it would return the results of git rev-list before last so let's try that...
-			stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", before.ID.String(), last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+			stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list").AddDynamicArguments(before.ID.String(), last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		}
 	}
 	if err != nil {
@@ -295,13 +296,22 @@ func (repo *Repository) CommitsBetweenLimit(last, before *Commit, limit, skip in
 	var stdout []byte
 	var err error
 	if before == nil {
-		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count", strconv.Itoa(limit), "--skip", strconv.Itoa(skip), last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list",
+			"--max-count", CmdArg(strconv.Itoa(limit)),
+			"--skip", CmdArg(strconv.Itoa(skip))).
+			AddDynamicArguments(last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	} else {
-		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count", strconv.Itoa(limit), "--skip", strconv.Itoa(skip), before.ID.String()+".."+last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list",
+			"--max-count", CmdArg(strconv.Itoa(limit)),
+			"--skip", CmdArg(strconv.Itoa(skip))).
+			AddDynamicArguments(before.ID.String() + ".." + last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no merge base") {
 			// future versions of git >= 2.28 are likely to return an error if before and last have become unrelated.
 			// previously it would return the results of git rev-list --max-count n before last so let's try that...
-			stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count", strconv.Itoa(limit), "--skip", strconv.Itoa(skip), before.ID.String(), last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+			stdout, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list",
+				"--max-count", CmdArg(strconv.Itoa(limit)),
+				"--skip", CmdArg(strconv.Itoa(skip))).
+				AddDynamicArguments(before.ID.String(), last.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		}
 	}
 	if err != nil {
@@ -342,9 +352,9 @@ func (repo *Repository) CommitsCountBetween(start, end string) (int64, error) {
 func (repo *Repository) commitsBefore(id SHA1, limit int) ([]*Commit, error) {
 	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log")
 	if limit > 0 {
-		cmd.AddArguments("-"+strconv.Itoa(limit), prettyLogFormat, id.String())
+		cmd.AddArguments(CmdArg("-"+strconv.Itoa(limit)), prettyLogFormat).AddDynamicArguments(id.String())
 	} else {
-		cmd.AddArguments(prettyLogFormat, id.String())
+		cmd.AddArguments(prettyLogFormat).AddDynamicArguments(id.String())
 	}
 
 	stdout, _, runErr := cmd.RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
@@ -384,7 +394,11 @@ func (repo *Repository) getCommitsBeforeLimit(id SHA1, num int) ([]*Commit, erro
 
 func (repo *Repository) getBranches(commit *Commit, limit int) ([]string, error) {
 	if CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.7.0") == nil {
-		stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "for-each-ref", "--count="+strconv.Itoa(limit), "--format=%(refname:strip=2)", "--contains", commit.ID.String(), BranchPrefix).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "for-each-ref",
+			CmdArg("--count="+strconv.Itoa(limit)),
+			"--format=%(refname:strip=2)", "--contains").
+			AddDynamicArguments(commit.ID.String(), BranchPrefix).
+			RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}
@@ -393,7 +407,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) getBranches(commit *Commit, limit int) ([]string, error)
 		return branches, nil
 	}
 
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "branch", "--contains", commit.ID.String()).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "branch", "--contains").AddDynamicArguments(commit.ID.String()).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -432,7 +446,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetCommitsFromIDs(commitIDs []string) []*Commit {
 
 // IsCommitInBranch check if the commit is on the branch
 func (repo *Repository) IsCommitInBranch(commitID, branch string) (r bool, err error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "branch", "--contains", commitID, branch).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "branch", "--contains").AddDynamicArguments(commitID, branch).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err
 	}

modules/git/repo_commit_gogit.go

@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) ConvertToSHA1(commitID string) (SHA1, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	actualCommitID, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-parse", "--verify", commitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	actualCommitID, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-parse", "--verify").AddDynamicArguments(commitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "unknown revision or path") ||
 			strings.Contains(err.Error(), "fatal: Needed a single revision") {

modules/git/repo_commit_nogogit.go

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ import (
 
 // ResolveReference resolves a name to a reference
 func (repo *Repository) ResolveReference(name string) (string, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "show-ref", "--hash", name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "show-ref", "--hash").AddDynamicArguments(name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		if strings.Contains(err.Error(), "not a valid ref") {
 			return "", ErrNotExist{name, ""}
@@ -50,19 +50,19 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetRefCommitID(name string) (string, error) {
 
 // SetReference sets the commit ID string of given reference (e.g. branch or tag).
 func (repo *Repository) SetReference(name, commitID string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "update-ref", name, commitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "update-ref").AddDynamicArguments(name, commitID).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }
 
 // RemoveReference removes the given reference (e.g. branch or tag).
 func (repo *Repository) RemoveReference(name string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref", "-d", name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref", "-d").AddDynamicArguments(name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }
 
 // IsCommitExist returns true if given commit exists in current repository.
 func (repo *Repository) IsCommitExist(name string) bool {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "cat-file", "-e", name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "cat-file", "-e").AddDynamicArguments(name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err == nil
 }
 

modules/git/repo_compare.go

@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetMergeBase(tmpRemote, base, head string) (string, stri
 	if tmpRemote != "origin" {
 		tmpBaseName := RemotePrefix + tmpRemote + "/tmp_" + base
 		// Fetch commit into a temporary branch in order to be able to handle commits and tags
-		_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags", tmpRemote, "--", base+":"+tmpBaseName).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags").AddDynamicArguments(tmpRemote).AddDashesAndList(base + ":" + tmpBaseName).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		if err == nil {
 			base = tmpBaseName
 		}
 	}
 
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "merge-base", "--", base, head).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "merge-base").AddDashesAndList(base, head).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return strings.TrimSpace(stdout), base, err
 }
 
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetCompareInfo(basePath, baseBranch, headBranch string,
 		// We have a common base - therefore we know that ... should work
 		if !fileOnly {
 			var logs []byte
-			logs, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", baseCommitID+separator+headBranch, prettyLogFormat).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+			logs, _, err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log").AddDynamicArguments(baseCommitID + separator + headBranch).AddArguments(prettyLogFormat).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetDiffNumChangedFiles(base, head string, directComparis
 		separator = ".."
 	}
 
-	if err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-z", "--name-only", base+separator+head).
+	if err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-z", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(base + separator + head).
 		Run(&RunOpts{
 			Dir:    repo.Path,
 			Stdout: w,
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetDiffNumChangedFiles(base, head string, directComparis
 			// previously it would return the results of git diff -z --name-only base head so let's try that...
 			w = &lineCountWriter{}
 			stderr.Reset()
-			if err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-z", "--name-only", base, head).Run(&RunOpts{
+			if err = NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-z", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(base, head).Run(&RunOpts{
 				Dir:    repo.Path,
 				Stdout: w,
 				Stderr: stderr,
@@ -173,20 +173,20 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetDiffNumChangedFiles(base, head string, directComparis
 
 // GetDiffShortStat counts number of changed files, number of additions and deletions
 func (repo *Repository) GetDiffShortStat(base, head string) (numFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions int, err error) {
-	numFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, err = GetDiffShortStat(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, base+"..."+head)
+	numFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, err = GetDiffShortStat(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, CmdArgCheck(base+"..."+head))
 	if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no merge base") {
-		return GetDiffShortStat(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, base, head)
+		return GetDiffShortStat(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, CmdArgCheck(base), CmdArgCheck(head))
 	}
 	return numFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions, err
 }
 
 // GetDiffShortStat counts number of changed files, number of additions and deletions
-func GetDiffShortStat(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, args ...string) (numFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions int, err error) {
+func GetDiffShortStat(ctx context.Context, repoPath string, args ...CmdArg) (numFiles, totalAdditions, totalDeletions int, err error) {
 	// Now if we call:
 	// $ git diff --shortstat 1ebb35b98889ff77299f24d82da426b434b0cca0...788b8b1440462d477f45b0088875
 	// we get:
 	// " 9902 files changed, 2034198 insertions(+), 298800 deletions(-)\n"
-	args = append([]string{
+	args = append([]CmdArg{
 		"diff",
 		"--shortstat",
 	}, args...)
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetDiffOrPatch(base, head string, w io.Writer, patch, bi
 
 // GetDiff generates and returns patch data between given revisions, optimized for human readability
 func (repo *Repository) GetDiff(base, head string, w io.Writer) error {
-	return NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-p", base, head).Run(&RunOpts{
+	return NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-p").AddDynamicArguments(base, head).Run(&RunOpts{
 		Dir:    repo.Path,
 		Stdout: w,
 	})
@@ -255,7 +255,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetDiff(base, head string, w io.Writer) error {
 
 // GetDiffBinary generates and returns patch data between given revisions, including binary diffs.
 func (repo *Repository) GetDiffBinary(base, head string, w io.Writer) error {
-	return NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-p", "--binary", "--histogram", base, head).Run(&RunOpts{
+	return NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-p", "--binary", "--histogram").AddDynamicArguments(base, head).Run(&RunOpts{
 		Dir:    repo.Path,
 		Stdout: w,
 	})
@@ -264,14 +264,14 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetDiffBinary(base, head string, w io.Writer) error {
 // GetPatch generates and returns format-patch data between given revisions, able to be used with `git apply`
 func (repo *Repository) GetPatch(base, head string, w io.Writer) error {
 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "format-patch", "--binary", "--stdout", base+"..."+head).
+	err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "format-patch", "--binary", "--stdout").AddDynamicArguments(base + "..." + head).
 		Run(&RunOpts{
 			Dir:    repo.Path,
 			Stdout: w,
 			Stderr: stderr,
 		})
 	if err != nil && bytes.Contains(stderr.Bytes(), []byte("no merge base")) {
-		return NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "format-patch", "--binary", "--stdout", base, head).
+		return NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "format-patch", "--binary", "--stdout").AddDynamicArguments(base, head).
 			Run(&RunOpts{
 				Dir:    repo.Path,
 				Stdout: w,
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetPatch(base, head string, w io.Writer) error {
 
 // GetFilesChangedBetween returns a list of all files that have been changed between the given commits
 func (repo *Repository) GetFilesChangedBetween(base, head string) ([]string, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only", base+".."+head).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "--name-only").AddDynamicArguments(base + ".." + head).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
@@ -292,7 +292,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetFilesChangedBetween(base, head string) ([]string, err
 // GetDiffFromMergeBase generates and return patch data from merge base to head
 func (repo *Repository) GetDiffFromMergeBase(base, head string, w io.Writer) error {
 	stderr := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-p", "--binary", base+"..."+head).
+	err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "diff", "-p", "--binary").AddDynamicArguments(base + "..." + head).
 		Run(&RunOpts{
 			Dir:    repo.Path,
 			Stdout: w,

modules/git/repo_index.go

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ import (
 // ReadTreeToIndex reads a treeish to the index
 func (repo *Repository) ReadTreeToIndex(treeish string, indexFilename ...string) error {
 	if len(treeish) != 40 {
-		res, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-parse", "--verify", treeish).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		res, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-parse", "--verify").AddDynamicArguments(treeish).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) readTreeToIndex(id SHA1, indexFilename ...string) error
 	if len(indexFilename) > 0 {
 		env = append(os.Environ(), "GIT_INDEX_FILE="+indexFilename[0])
 	}
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "read-tree", id.String()).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path, Env: env})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "read-tree").AddDynamicArguments(id.String()).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path, Env: env})
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -75,12 +75,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) EmptyIndex() error {
 
 // LsFiles checks if the given filenames are in the index
 func (repo *Repository) LsFiles(filenames ...string) ([]string, error) {
-	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "ls-files", "-z", "--")
-	for _, arg := range filenames {
-		if arg != "" {
-			cmd.AddArguments(arg)
-		}
-	}
+	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "ls-files", "-z").AddDashesAndList(filenames...)
 	res, _, err := cmd.RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
@@ -116,7 +111,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) RemoveFilesFromIndex(filenames ...string) error {
 
 // AddObjectToIndex adds the provided object hash to the index at the provided filename
 func (repo *Repository) AddObjectToIndex(mode string, object SHA1, filename string) error {
-	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "update-index", "--add", "--replace", "--cacheinfo", mode, object.String(), filename)
+	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "update-index", "--add", "--replace", "--cacheinfo").AddDynamicArguments(mode, object.String(), filename)
 	_, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }

modules/git/repo_stats.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetCodeActivityStats(fromTime time.Time, branch string)
 
 	since := fromTime.Format(time.RFC3339)
 
-	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", "--count", "--no-merges", "--branches=*", "--date=iso", fmt.Sprintf("--since='%s'", since)).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", "--count", "--no-merges", "--branches=*", "--date=iso", CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("--since='%s'", since))).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if runErr != nil {
 		return nil, runErr
 	}
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetCodeActivityStats(fromTime time.Time, branch string)
 		_ = stdoutWriter.Close()
 	}()
 
-	gitCmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", "--numstat", "--no-merges", "--pretty=format:---%n%h%n%aN%n%aE%n", "--date=iso", fmt.Sprintf("--since='%s'", since))
+	gitCmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "log", "--numstat", "--no-merges", "--pretty=format:---%n%h%n%aN%n%aE%n", "--date=iso", CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("--since='%s'", since)))
 	if len(branch) == 0 {
 		gitCmd.AddArguments("--branches=*")
 	} else {

modules/git/repo_tag.go

@@ -25,13 +25,13 @@ func IsTagExist(ctx context.Context, repoPath, name string) bool {
 
 // CreateTag create one tag in the repository
 func (repo *Repository) CreateTag(name, revision string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "tag", "--", name, revision).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "tag").AddDashesAndList(name, revision).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }
 
 // CreateAnnotatedTag create one annotated tag in the repository
 func (repo *Repository) CreateAnnotatedTag(name, message, revision string) error {
-	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "tag", "-a", "-m", message, "--", name, revision).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	_, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "tag", "-a", "-m").AddDynamicArguments(message).AddDashesAndList(name, revision).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	return err
 }
 
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetTagNameBySHA(sha string) (string, error) {
 
 // GetTagID returns the object ID for a tag (annotated tags have both an object SHA AND a commit SHA)
 func (repo *Repository) GetTagID(name string) (string, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "show-ref", "--tags", "--", name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "show-ref", "--tags").AddDashesAndList(name).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) GetTagInfos(page, pageSize int) ([]*Tag, int, error) {
 	rc := &RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path, Stdout: stdoutWriter, Stderr: &stderr}
 
 	go func() {
-		err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "for-each-ref", "--format", forEachRefFmt.Flag(), "--sort", "-*creatordate", "refs/tags").Run(rc)
+		err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "for-each-ref", CmdArg("--format="+forEachRefFmt.Flag()), "--sort", "-*creatordate", "refs/tags").Run(rc)
 		if err != nil {
 			_ = stdoutWriter.CloseWithError(ConcatenateError(err, stderr.String()))
 		} else {

modules/git/repo_tag_nogogit.go

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) IsTagExist(name string) bool {
 // GetTags returns all tags of the repository.
 // returning at most limit tags, or all if limit is 0.
 func (repo *Repository) GetTags(skip, limit int) (tags []string, err error) {
-	tags, _, err = callShowRef(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, TagPrefix, []string{TagPrefix, "--sort=-taggerdate"}, skip, limit)
+	tags, _, err = callShowRef(repo.Ctx, repo.Path, TagPrefix, []CmdArg{TagPrefix, "--sort=-taggerdate"}, skip, limit)
 	return tags, err
 }
 

modules/git/repo_tree.go

@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ func (repo *Repository) CommitTree(author, committer *Signature, tree *Tree, opt
 		"GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="+committer.Email,
 		"GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="+commitTimeStr,
 	)
-	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "commit-tree", tree.ID.String())
+	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "commit-tree").AddDynamicArguments(tree.ID.String())
 
 	for _, parent := range opts.Parents {
-		cmd.AddArguments("-p", parent)
+		cmd.AddArguments("-p").AddDynamicArguments(parent)
 	}
 
 	messageBytes := new(bytes.Buffer)
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) CommitTree(author, committer *Signature, tree *Tree, opt
 	_, _ = messageBytes.WriteString("\n")
 
 	if opts.KeyID != "" || opts.AlwaysSign {
-		cmd.AddArguments(fmt.Sprintf("-S%s", opts.KeyID))
+		cmd.AddArguments(CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("-S%s", opts.KeyID)))
 	}
 
 	if opts.NoGPGSign {

modules/git/repo_tree_gogit.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ func (repo *Repository) getTree(id SHA1) (*Tree, error) {
 // GetTree find the tree object in the repository.
 func (repo *Repository) GetTree(idStr string) (*Tree, error) {
 	if len(idStr) != 40 {
-		res, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-parse", "--verify", idStr).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
+		res, _, err := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-parse", "--verify").AddDynamicArguments(idStr).RunStdString(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}

modules/git/tree.go

@@ -49,12 +49,9 @@ func (t *Tree) SubTree(rpath string) (*Tree, error) {
 
 // LsTree checks if the given filenames are in the tree
 func (repo *Repository) LsTree(ref string, filenames ...string) ([]string, error) {
-	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "ls-tree", "-z", "--name-only", "--", ref)
-	for _, arg := range filenames {
-		if arg != "" {
-			cmd.AddArguments(arg)
-		}
-	}
+	cmd := NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "ls-tree", "-z", "--name-only").
+		AddDashesAndList(append([]string{ref}, filenames...)...)
+
 	res, _, err := cmd.RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: repo.Path})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err

modules/git/tree_nogogit.go

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func (t *Tree) ListEntries() (Entries, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(t.repo.Ctx, "ls-tree", "-l", t.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: t.repo.Path})
+	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(t.repo.Ctx, "ls-tree", "-l").AddDynamicArguments(t.ID.String()).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: t.repo.Path})
 	if runErr != nil {
 		if strings.Contains(runErr.Error(), "fatal: Not a valid object name") || strings.Contains(runErr.Error(), "fatal: not a tree object") {
 			return nil, ErrNotExist{
@@ -101,13 +101,13 @@ func (t *Tree) ListEntries() (Entries, error) {
 
 // listEntriesRecursive returns all entries of current tree recursively including all subtrees
 // extraArgs could be "-l" to get the size, which is slower
-func (t *Tree) listEntriesRecursive(extraArgs ...string) (Entries, error) {
+func (t *Tree) listEntriesRecursive(extraArgs ...CmdArg) (Entries, error) {
 	if t.entriesRecursiveParsed {
 		return t.entriesRecursive, nil
 	}
 
-	args := append([]string{"ls-tree", "-t", "-r"}, extraArgs...)
-	args = append(args, t.ID.String())
+	args := append([]CmdArg{"ls-tree", "-t", "-r"}, extraArgs...)
+	args = append(args, CmdArg(t.ID.String()))
 	stdout, _, runErr := NewCommand(t.repo.Ctx, args...).RunStdBytes(&RunOpts{Dir: t.repo.Path})
 	if runErr != nil {
 		return nil, runErr

modules/gitgraph/graph.go

@@ -37,16 +37,15 @@ func GetCommitGraph(r *git.Repository, page, maxAllowedColors int, hidePRRefs bo
 	graphCmd.AddArguments(
 		"-C",
 		"-M",
-		fmt.Sprintf("-n %d", setting.UI.GraphMaxCommitNum*page),
+		git.CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("-n %d", setting.UI.GraphMaxCommitNum*page)),
 		"--date=iso",
-		fmt.Sprintf("--pretty=format:%s", format))
+		git.CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("--pretty=format:%s", format)))
 
 	if len(branches) > 0 {
 		graphCmd.AddDynamicArguments(branches...)
 	}
 	if len(files) > 0 {
-		graphCmd.AddArguments("--")
-		graphCmd.AddArguments(files...)
+		graphCmd.AddDashesAndList(files...)
 	}
 	graph := NewGraph()
 

modules/indexer/code/bleve.go

@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ func (b *BleveIndexer) addUpdate(ctx context.Context, batchWriter git.WriteClose
 	var err error
 	if !update.Sized {
 		var stdout string
-		stdout, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "cat-file", "-s", update.BlobSha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
+		stdout, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "cat-file", "-s").AddDynamicArguments(update.BlobSha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}

modules/indexer/code/elastic_search.go

@@ -223,7 +223,7 @@ func (b *ElasticSearchIndexer) addUpdate(ctx context.Context, batchWriter git.Wr
 	var err error
 	if !update.Sized {
 		var stdout string
-		stdout, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "cat-file", "-s", update.BlobSha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
+		stdout, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "cat-file", "-s").AddDynamicArguments(update.BlobSha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, err
 		}

modules/indexer/code/git.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ type repoChanges struct {
 }
 
 func getDefaultBranchSha(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository) (string, error) {
-	stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "show-ref", "-s", git.BranchPrefix+repo.DefaultBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
+	stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "show-ref", "-s").AddDynamicArguments(git.BranchPrefix + repo.DefaultBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 	if err != nil {
 		return "", err
 	}
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ func parseGitLsTreeOutput(stdout []byte) ([]fileUpdate, error) {
 // genesisChanges get changes to add repo to the indexer for the first time
 func genesisChanges(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, revision string) (*repoChanges, error) {
 	var changes repoChanges
-	stdout, _, runErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "ls-tree", "--full-tree", "-l", "-r", revision).RunStdBytes(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
+	stdout, _, runErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "ls-tree", "--full-tree", "-l", "-r").AddDynamicArguments(revision).RunStdBytes(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 	if runErr != nil {
 		return nil, runErr
 	}
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ func genesisChanges(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, revision s
 
 // nonGenesisChanges get changes since the previous indexer update
 func nonGenesisChanges(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, revision string) (*repoChanges, error) {
-	diffCmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "diff", "--name-status", repo.CodeIndexerStatus.CommitSha, revision)
+	diffCmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "diff", "--name-status").AddDynamicArguments(repo.CodeIndexerStatus.CommitSha, revision)
 	stdout, _, runErr := diffCmd.RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 	if runErr != nil {
 		// previous commit sha may have been removed by a force push, so
@@ -169,8 +169,8 @@ func nonGenesisChanges(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, revisio
 		}
 	}
 
-	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "ls-tree", "--full-tree", "-l", revision, "--")
-	cmd.AddArguments(updatedFilenames...)
+	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "ls-tree", "--full-tree", "-l").AddDynamicArguments(revision).
+		AddDashesAndList(updatedFilenames...)
 	lsTreeStdout, _, err := cmd.RunStdBytes(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err

modules/repository/generate.go

@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ func generateRepoCommit(ctx context.Context, repo, templateRepo, generateRepo *r
 	}
 
 	repoPath := repo.RepoPath()
-	if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", "origin", repoPath).
+	if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", "origin").AddDynamicArguments(repoPath).
 		SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("generateRepoCommit (git remote add): %s to %s", templateRepoPath, tmpDir)).
 		RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpDir, Env: env}); err != nil {
 		log.Error("Unable to add %v as remote origin to temporary repo to %s: stdout %s\nError: %v", repo, tmpDir, stdout, err)

modules/repository/init.go

@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ func prepareRepoCommit(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, tmpDir,
 	)
 
 	// Clone to temporary path and do the init commit.
-	if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "clone", repoPath, tmpDir).
+	if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "clone").AddDynamicArguments(repoPath, tmpDir).
 		SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("prepareRepoCommit (git clone): %s to %s", repoPath, tmpDir)).
 		RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: "", Env: env}); err != nil {
 		log.Error("Failed to clone from %v into %s: stdout: %s\nError: %v", repo, tmpDir, stdout, err)
@@ -317,14 +317,14 @@ func initRepoCommit(ctx context.Context, tmpPath string, repo *repo_model.Reposi
 		return fmt.Errorf("git add --all: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	args := []string{
-		"commit", fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", sig.Name, sig.Email),
+	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx,
+		"commit", git.CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", sig.Name, sig.Email)),
 		"-m", "Initial commit",
-	}
+	)
 
 	sign, keyID, signer, _ := asymkey_service.SignInitialCommit(ctx, tmpPath, u)
 	if sign {
-		args = append(args, "-S"+keyID)
+		cmd.AddArguments(git.CmdArg("-S" + keyID))
 
 		if repo.GetTrustModel() == repo_model.CommitterTrustModel || repo.GetTrustModel() == repo_model.CollaboratorCommitterTrustModel {
 			// need to set the committer to the KeyID owner
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@ func initRepoCommit(ctx context.Context, tmpPath string, repo *repo_model.Reposi
 			committerEmail = signer.Email
 		}
 	} else {
-		args = append(args, "--no-gpg-sign")
+		cmd.AddArguments("--no-gpg-sign")
 	}
 
 	env = append(env,
@@ -340,10 +340,10 @@ func initRepoCommit(ctx context.Context, tmpPath string, repo *repo_model.Reposi
 		"GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="+committerEmail,
 	)
 
-	if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, args...).
+	if stdout, _, err := cmd.
 		SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("initRepoCommit (git commit): %s", tmpPath)).
 		RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpPath, Env: env}); err != nil {
-		log.Error("Failed to commit: %v: Stdout: %s\nError: %v", args, stdout, err)
+		log.Error("Failed to commit: %v: Stdout: %s\nError: %v", cmd.String(), stdout, err)
 		return fmt.Errorf("git commit: %v", err)
 	}
 
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ func initRepoCommit(ctx context.Context, tmpPath string, repo *repo_model.Reposi
 		defaultBranch = setting.Repository.DefaultBranch
 	}
 
-	if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "push", "origin", "HEAD:"+defaultBranch).
+	if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "push", "origin").AddDynamicArguments("HEAD:" + defaultBranch).
 		SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("initRepoCommit (git push): %s", tmpPath)).
 		RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpPath, Env: InternalPushingEnvironment(u, repo)}); err != nil {
 		log.Error("Failed to push back to HEAD: Stdout: %s\nError: %v", stdout, err)

modules/repository/push.go

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ func IsForcePush(ctx context.Context, opts *PushUpdateOptions) (bool, error) {
 		return false, nil
 	}
 
-	output, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count=1", opts.OldCommitID, "^"+opts.NewCommitID).
+	output, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count=1").AddDynamicArguments(opts.OldCommitID, "^"+opts.NewCommitID).
 		RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo_model.RepoPath(opts.RepoUserName, opts.RepoName)})
 	if err != nil {
 		return false, err

routers/private/hook_pre_receive.go

@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ func preReceiveBranch(ctx *preReceiveContext, oldCommitID, newCommitID, refFullN
 
 	// 2. Disallow force pushes to protected branches
 	if git.EmptySHA != oldCommitID {
-		output, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count=1", oldCommitID, "^"+newCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath(), Env: ctx.env})
+		output, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count=1").AddDynamicArguments(oldCommitID, "^"+newCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath(), Env: ctx.env})
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("Unable to detect force push between: %s and %s in %-v Error: %v", oldCommitID, newCommitID, repo, err)
 			ctx.JSON(http.StatusInternalServerError, private.Response{

routers/private/hook_verification.go

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ func verifyCommits(oldCommitID, newCommitID string, repo *git.Repository, env []
 	}()
 
 	// This is safe as force pushes are already forbidden
-	err = git.NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list", oldCommitID+"..."+newCommitID).
+	err = git.NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "rev-list").AddDynamicArguments(oldCommitID + "..." + newCommitID).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Env:    env,
 			Dir:    repo.Path,
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ func readAndVerifyCommit(sha string, repo *git.Repository, env []string) error {
 	}()
 	hash := git.MustIDFromString(sha)
 
-	return git.NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "cat-file", "commit", sha).
+	return git.NewCommand(repo.Ctx, "cat-file", "commit").AddDynamicArguments(sha).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Env:    env,
 			Dir:    repo.Path,

routers/web/repo/blame.go

@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ func renderBlame(ctx *context.Context, blameParts []git.BlamePart, commitNames m
 
 		filename2attribute2info, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.CheckAttribute(git.CheckAttributeOpts{
 			CachedOnly: true,
-			Attributes: []string{"linguist-language", "gitlab-language"},
+			Attributes: []git.CmdArg{"linguist-language", "gitlab-language"},
 			Filenames:  []string{ctx.Repo.TreePath},
 			IndexFile:  indexFilename,
 			WorkTree:   worktree,

routers/web/repo/compare.go

@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@ func ParseCompareInfo(ctx *context.Context) *CompareInfo {
 func PrepareCompareDiff(
 	ctx *context.Context,
 	ci *CompareInfo,
-	whitespaceBehavior string,
+	whitespaceBehavior git.CmdArg,
 ) bool {
 	var (
 		repo  = ctx.Repo.Repository

routers/web/repo/http.go

@@ -398,7 +398,7 @@ func (h *serviceHandler) sendFile(contentType, file string) {
 var safeGitProtocolHeader = regexp.MustCompile(`^[0-9a-zA-Z]+=[0-9a-zA-Z]+(:[0-9a-zA-Z]+=[0-9a-zA-Z]+)*$`)
 
 func getGitConfig(ctx gocontext.Context, option, dir string) string {
-	out, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "config", option).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dir})
+	out, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "config").AddDynamicArguments(option).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dir})
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("%v - %s", err, out)
 	}
@@ -471,7 +471,7 @@ func serviceRPC(ctx gocontext.Context, h serviceHandler, service string) {
 	}
 
 	var stderr bytes.Buffer
-	cmd := git.NewCommand(h.r.Context(), service, "--stateless-rpc", h.dir)
+	cmd := git.NewCommand(h.r.Context(), git.CmdArgCheck(service), "--stateless-rpc").AddDynamicArguments(h.dir)
 	cmd.SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("%s %s %s [repo_path: %s]", git.GitExecutable, service, "--stateless-rpc", h.dir))
 	if err := cmd.Run(&git.RunOpts{
 		Dir:               h.dir,
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ func GetInfoRefs(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 		h.environ = append(os.Environ(), h.environ...)
 
-		refs, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, service, "--stateless-rpc", "--advertise-refs", ".").RunStdBytes(&git.RunOpts{Env: h.environ, Dir: h.dir})
+		refs, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, git.CmdArgCheck(service), "--stateless-rpc", "--advertise-refs", ".").RunStdBytes(&git.RunOpts{Env: h.environ, Dir: h.dir})
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error(fmt.Sprintf("%v - %s", err, string(refs)))
 		}

routers/web/repo/lfs.go

@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func LFSLocks(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	name2attribute2info, err := gitRepo.CheckAttribute(git.CheckAttributeOpts{
-		Attributes: []string{"lockable"},
+		Attributes: []git.CmdArg{"lockable"},
 		Filenames:  filenames,
 		CachedOnly: true,
 	})

routers/web/repo/pull.go

@@ -359,7 +359,7 @@ func PrepareMergedViewPullInfo(ctx *context.Context, issue *issues_model.Issue)
 		}
 		if commitSHA != "" {
 			// Get immediate parent of the first commit in the patch, grab history back
-			parentCommit, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "-1", "--skip=1", commitSHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: ctx.Repo.GitRepo.Path})
+			parentCommit, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "-1", "--skip=1").AddDynamicArguments(commitSHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: ctx.Repo.GitRepo.Path})
 			if err == nil {
 				parentCommit = strings.TrimSpace(parentCommit)
 			}

routers/web/repo/view.go

@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ func renderFile(ctx *context.Context, entry *git.TreeEntry, treeLink, rawLink st
 
 				filename2attribute2info, err := ctx.Repo.GitRepo.CheckAttribute(git.CheckAttributeOpts{
 					CachedOnly: true,
-					Attributes: []string{"linguist-language", "gitlab-language"},
+					Attributes: []git.CmdArg{"linguist-language", "gitlab-language"},
 					Filenames:  []string{ctx.Repo.TreePath},
 					IndexFile:  indexFilename,
 					WorkTree:   worktree,

services/agit/agit.go

@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ func ProcReceive(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, gitRepo *git.
 		}
 
 		if !forcePush {
-			output, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count=1", oldCommitID, "^"+opts.NewCommitIDs[i]).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath(), Env: os.Environ()})
+			output, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--max-count=1").AddDynamicArguments(oldCommitID, "^"+opts.NewCommitIDs[i]).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath(), Env: os.Environ()})
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, fmt.Errorf("Fail to detect force push: %v", err)
 			} else if len(output) > 0 {

services/cron/tasks_basic.go

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import (
 	git_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/git"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/webhook"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/auth"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/services/migrations"
@@ -58,7 +59,12 @@ func registerRepoHealthCheck() {
 		Args:    []string{},
 	}, func(ctx context.Context, _ *user_model.User, config Config) error {
 		rhcConfig := config.(*RepoHealthCheckConfig)
-		return repo_service.GitFsck(ctx, rhcConfig.Timeout, rhcConfig.Args)
+		// the git args are set by config, they can be safe to be trusted
+		args := make([]git.CmdArg, 0, len(rhcConfig.Args))
+		for _, arg := range rhcConfig.Args {
+			args = append(args, git.CmdArg(arg))
+		}
+		return repo_service.GitFsck(ctx, rhcConfig.Timeout, args)
 	})
 }
 

services/cron/tasks_extended.go

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/system"
 	user_model "code.gitea.io/gitea/models/user"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/updatechecker"
 	repo_service "code.gitea.io/gitea/services/repository"
@@ -60,7 +61,12 @@ func registerGarbageCollectRepositories() {
 		Args:    setting.Git.GCArgs,
 	}, func(ctx context.Context, _ *user_model.User, config Config) error {
 		rhcConfig := config.(*RepoHealthCheckConfig)
-		return repo_service.GitGcRepos(ctx, rhcConfig.Timeout, rhcConfig.Args...)
+		// the git args are set by config, they can be safe to be trusted
+		args := make([]git.CmdArg, 0, len(rhcConfig.Args))
+		for _, arg := range rhcConfig.Args {
+			args = append(args, git.CmdArg(arg))
+		}
+		return repo_service.GitGcRepos(ctx, rhcConfig.Timeout, args...)
 	})
 }
 

services/gitdiff/gitdiff.go

@@ -1056,7 +1056,7 @@ type DiffOptions struct {
 	MaxLines           int
 	MaxLineCharacters  int
 	MaxFiles           int
-	WhitespaceBehavior string
+	WhitespaceBehavior git.CmdArg
 	DirectComparison   bool
 }
 
@@ -1082,7 +1082,7 @@ func GetDiff(gitRepo *git.Repository, opts *DiffOptions, files ...string) (*Diff
 		argsLength += len(files) + 1
 	}
 
-	diffArgs := make([]string, 0, argsLength)
+	diffArgs := make([]git.CmdArg, 0, argsLength)
 	if (len(opts.BeforeCommitID) == 0 || opts.BeforeCommitID == git.EmptySHA) && commit.ParentCount() == 0 {
 		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, "diff", "--src-prefix=\\a/", "--dst-prefix=\\b/", "-M")
 		if len(opts.WhitespaceBehavior) != 0 {
@@ -1090,7 +1090,7 @@ func GetDiff(gitRepo *git.Repository, opts *DiffOptions, files ...string) (*Diff
 		}
 		// append empty tree ref
 		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, "4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904")
-		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, opts.AfterCommitID)
+		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, git.CmdArgCheck(opts.AfterCommitID))
 	} else {
 		actualBeforeCommitID := opts.BeforeCommitID
 		if len(actualBeforeCommitID) == 0 {
@@ -1101,8 +1101,8 @@ func GetDiff(gitRepo *git.Repository, opts *DiffOptions, files ...string) (*Diff
 		if len(opts.WhitespaceBehavior) != 0 {
 			diffArgs = append(diffArgs, opts.WhitespaceBehavior)
 		}
-		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, actualBeforeCommitID)
-		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, opts.AfterCommitID)
+		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, git.CmdArgCheck(actualBeforeCommitID))
+		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, git.CmdArgCheck(opts.AfterCommitID))
 		opts.BeforeCommitID = actualBeforeCommitID
 	}
 
@@ -1111,13 +1111,15 @@ func GetDiff(gitRepo *git.Repository, opts *DiffOptions, files ...string) (*Diff
 	// the skipping for us
 	parsePatchSkipToFile := opts.SkipTo
 	if opts.SkipTo != "" && git.CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.31") == nil {
-		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, "--skip-to="+opts.SkipTo)
+		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, git.CmdArg("--skip-to="+opts.SkipTo))
 		parsePatchSkipToFile = ""
 	}
 
 	if len(files) > 0 {
 		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, "--")
-		diffArgs = append(diffArgs, files...)
+		for _, file := range files {
+			diffArgs = append(diffArgs, git.CmdArg(file)) // it's safe to cast it to CmdArg because there is a "--" before
+		}
 	}
 
 	reader, writer := io.Pipe()
@@ -1126,7 +1128,7 @@ func GetDiff(gitRepo *git.Repository, opts *DiffOptions, files ...string) (*Diff
 		_ = writer.Close()
 	}()
 
-	go func(ctx context.Context, diffArgs []string, repoPath string, writer *io.PipeWriter) {
+	go func(ctx context.Context, diffArgs []git.CmdArg, repoPath string, writer *io.PipeWriter) {
 		cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, diffArgs...)
 		cmd.SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("GetDiffRange [repo_path: %s]", repoPath))
 		if err := cmd.Run(&git.RunOpts{
@@ -1199,15 +1201,15 @@ func GetDiff(gitRepo *git.Repository, opts *DiffOptions, files ...string) (*Diff
 		separator = ".."
 	}
 
-	shortstatArgs := []string{opts.BeforeCommitID + separator + opts.AfterCommitID}
+	shortstatArgs := []git.CmdArg{git.CmdArgCheck(opts.BeforeCommitID + separator + opts.AfterCommitID)}
 	if len(opts.BeforeCommitID) == 0 || opts.BeforeCommitID == git.EmptySHA {
-		shortstatArgs = []string{git.EmptyTreeSHA, opts.AfterCommitID}
+		shortstatArgs = []git.CmdArg{git.EmptyTreeSHA, git.CmdArgCheck(opts.AfterCommitID)}
 	}
 	diff.NumFiles, diff.TotalAddition, diff.TotalDeletion, err = git.GetDiffShortStat(gitRepo.Ctx, repoPath, shortstatArgs...)
 	if err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "no merge base") {
 		// git >= 2.28 now returns an error if base and head have become unrelated.
 		// previously it would return the results of git diff --shortstat base head so let's try that...
-		shortstatArgs = []string{opts.BeforeCommitID, opts.AfterCommitID}
+		shortstatArgs = []git.CmdArg{git.CmdArgCheck(opts.BeforeCommitID), git.CmdArgCheck(opts.AfterCommitID)}
 		diff.NumFiles, diff.TotalAddition, diff.TotalDeletion, err = git.GetDiffShortStat(gitRepo.Ctx, repoPath, shortstatArgs...)
 	}
 	if err != nil {
@@ -1322,7 +1324,7 @@ func CommentMustAsDiff(c *issues_model.Comment) *Diff {
 }
 
 // GetWhitespaceFlag returns git diff flag for treating whitespaces
-func GetWhitespaceFlag(whitespaceBehavior string) string {
+func GetWhitespaceFlag(whitespaceBehavior string) git.CmdArg {
 	whitespaceFlags := map[string]string{
 		"ignore-all":    "-w",
 		"ignore-change": "-b",
@@ -1331,7 +1333,7 @@ func GetWhitespaceFlag(whitespaceBehavior string) string {
 	}
 
 	if flag, ok := whitespaceFlags[whitespaceBehavior]; ok {
-		return flag
+		return git.CmdArg(flag)
 	}
 	log.Warn("unknown whitespace behavior: %q, default to 'show-all'", whitespaceBehavior)
 	return ""

services/gitdiff/gitdiff_test.go

@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ func TestGetDiffRangeWithWhitespaceBehavior(t *testing.T) {
 		return
 	}
 	defer gitRepo.Close()
-	for _, behavior := range []string{"-w", "--ignore-space-at-eol", "-b", ""} {
+	for _, behavior := range []git.CmdArg{"-w", "--ignore-space-at-eol", "-b", ""} {
 		diffs, err := GetDiff(gitRepo,
 			&DiffOptions{
 				AfterCommitID:      "bd7063cc7c04689c4d082183d32a604ed27a24f9",

services/migrations/dump.go

@@ -491,7 +491,7 @@ func (g *RepositoryDumper) handlePullRequest(pr *base.PullRequest) error {
 	if pr.Head.CloneURL == "" || pr.Head.Ref == "" {
 		// Set head information if pr.Head.SHA is available
 		if pr.Head.SHA != "" {
-			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref", pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
+			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref").AddDynamicArguments(pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("PR #%d in %s/%s unable to update-ref for pr HEAD: %v", pr.Number, g.repoOwner, g.repoName, err)
 			}
@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ func (g *RepositoryDumper) handlePullRequest(pr *base.PullRequest) error {
 	if !ok {
 		// Set head information if pr.Head.SHA is available
 		if pr.Head.SHA != "" {
-			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref", pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
+			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref").AddDynamicArguments(pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("PR #%d in %s/%s unable to update-ref for pr HEAD: %v", pr.Number, g.repoOwner, g.repoName, err)
 			}
@@ -556,7 +556,7 @@ func (g *RepositoryDumper) handlePullRequest(pr *base.PullRequest) error {
 			fetchArg = git.BranchPrefix + fetchArg
 		}
 
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags", "--", remote, fetchArg).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags").AddDashesAndList(remote, fetchArg).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("Fetch branch from %s failed: %v", pr.Head.CloneURL, err)
 			// We need to continue here so that the Head.Ref is reset and we attempt to set the gitref for the PR
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ func (g *RepositoryDumper) handlePullRequest(pr *base.PullRequest) error {
 		pr.Head.SHA = headSha
 	}
 	if pr.Head.SHA != "" {
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref", pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref").AddDynamicArguments(pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.gitPath()})
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("unable to set %s as the local head for PR #%d from %s in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.Head.SHA, pr.Number, pr.Head.Ref, g.repoOwner, g.repoName, err)
 		}

services/migrations/gitea_uploader.go

@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ func (g *GiteaLocalUploader) updateGitForPullRequest(pr *base.PullRequest) (head
 				fetchArg = git.BranchPrefix + fetchArg
 			}
 
-			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags", "--", remote, fetchArg).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
+			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags").AddDashesAndList(remote, fetchArg).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("Fetch branch from %s failed: %v", pr.Head.CloneURL, err)
 				return head, nil
@@ -645,7 +645,7 @@ func (g *GiteaLocalUploader) updateGitForPullRequest(pr *base.PullRequest) (head
 			pr.Head.SHA = headSha
 		}
 
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref", pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref").AddDynamicArguments(pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
 		if err != nil {
 			return "", err
 		}
@@ -662,13 +662,13 @@ func (g *GiteaLocalUploader) updateGitForPullRequest(pr *base.PullRequest) (head
 		// The SHA is empty
 		log.Warn("Empty reference, no pull head for PR #%d in %s/%s", pr.Number, g.repoOwner, g.repoName)
 	} else {
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "rev-list", "--quiet", "-1", pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "rev-list", "--quiet", "-1").AddDynamicArguments(pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
 		if err != nil {
 			// Git update-ref remove bad references with a relative path
 			log.Warn("Deprecated local head %s for PR #%d in %s/%s, removing  %s", pr.Head.SHA, pr.Number, g.repoOwner, g.repoName, pr.GetGitRefName())
 		} else {
 			// set head information
-			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref", pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
+			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(g.ctx, "update-ref", "--no-deref").AddDynamicArguments(pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.Head.SHA).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: g.repo.RepoPath()})
 			if err != nil {
 				log.Error("unable to set %s as the local head for PR #%d from %s in %s/%s. Error: %v", pr.Head.SHA, pr.Number, pr.Head.Ref, g.repoOwner, g.repoName, err)
 			}

services/migrations/gitea_uploader_test.go

@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ func TestGiteaUploadUpdateGitForPullRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	fromRepo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 1})
 	baseRef := "master"
 	assert.NoError(t, git.InitRepository(git.DefaultContext, fromRepo.RepoPath(), false))
-	err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "symbolic-ref", "HEAD", git.BranchPrefix+baseRef).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: fromRepo.RepoPath()})
+	err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "symbolic-ref").AddDynamicArguments("HEAD", git.BranchPrefix+baseRef).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: fromRepo.RepoPath()})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(fromRepo.RepoPath(), "README.md"), []byte(fmt.Sprintf("# Testing Repository\n\nOriginally created in: %s", fromRepo.RepoPath())), 0o644))
 	assert.NoError(t, git.AddChanges(fromRepo.RepoPath(), true))
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ func TestGiteaUploadUpdateGitForPullRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	// fromRepo branch1
 	//
 	headRef := "branch1"
-	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "checkout", "-b", headRef).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: fromRepo.RepoPath()})
+	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "checkout", "-b").AddDynamicArguments(headRef).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: fromRepo.RepoPath()})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(fromRepo.RepoPath(), "README.md"), []byte("SOMETHING"), 0o644))
 	assert.NoError(t, git.AddChanges(fromRepo.RepoPath(), true))
@@ -279,10 +279,10 @@ func TestGiteaUploadUpdateGitForPullRequest(t *testing.T) {
 	//
 	forkHeadRef := "branch2"
 	forkRepo := unittest.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &repo_model.Repository{ID: 8})
-	assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(git.DefaultContext, fromRepo.RepoPath(), forkRepo.RepoPath(), []string{}, git.CloneRepoOptions{
+	assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(git.DefaultContext, nil, fromRepo.RepoPath(), forkRepo.RepoPath(), git.CloneRepoOptions{
 		Branch: headRef,
 	}))
-	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "checkout", "-b", forkHeadRef).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: forkRepo.RepoPath()})
+	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "checkout", "-b").AddDynamicArguments(forkHeadRef).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: forkRepo.RepoPath()})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.NoError(t, os.WriteFile(filepath.Join(forkRepo.RepoPath(), "README.md"), []byte(fmt.Sprintf("# branch2 %s", forkRepo.RepoPath())), 0o644))
 	assert.NoError(t, git.AddChanges(forkRepo.RepoPath(), true))

services/mirror/mirror_pull.go

@@ -33,12 +33,12 @@ func UpdateAddress(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.Mirror, addr string) error
 	remoteName := m.GetRemoteName()
 	repoPath := m.GetRepository().RepoPath()
 	// Remove old remote
-	_, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "rm", remoteName).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	_, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "rm").AddDynamicArguments(remoteName).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	if err != nil && !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), "exit status 128 - fatal: No such remote ") {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", remoteName, "--mirror=fetch", addr)
+	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add").AddDynamicArguments(remoteName).AddArguments("--mirror=fetch").AddDynamicArguments(addr)
 	if strings.Contains(addr, "://") && strings.Contains(addr, "@") {
 		cmd.SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("remote add %s --mirror=fetch %s [repo_path: %s]", remoteName, util.SanitizeCredentialURLs(addr), repoPath))
 	} else {
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ func UpdateAddress(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.Mirror, addr string) error
 		wikiPath := m.Repo.WikiPath()
 		wikiRemotePath := repo_module.WikiRemoteURL(ctx, addr)
 		// Remove old remote of wiki
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "rm", remoteName).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: wikiPath})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "rm").AddDynamicArguments(remoteName).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: wikiPath})
 		if err != nil && !strings.HasPrefix(err.Error(), "exit status 128 - fatal: No such remote ") {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		cmd = git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", remoteName, "--mirror=fetch", wikiRemotePath)
+		cmd = git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add").AddDynamicArguments(remoteName).AddArguments("--mirror=fetch").AddDynamicArguments(wikiRemotePath)
 		if strings.Contains(wikiRemotePath, "://") && strings.Contains(wikiRemotePath, "@") {
 			cmd.SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("remote add %s --mirror=fetch %s [repo_path: %s]", remoteName, util.SanitizeCredentialURLs(wikiRemotePath), wikiPath))
 		} else {
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ func pruneBrokenReferences(ctx context.Context,
 
 	stderrBuilder.Reset()
 	stdoutBuilder.Reset()
-	pruneErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "prune", m.GetRemoteName()).
+	pruneErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "prune").AddDynamicArguments(m.GetRemoteName()).
 		SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("Mirror.runSync %ssPrune references: %s ", wiki, m.Repo.FullName())).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Timeout: timeout,
@@ -204,11 +204,11 @@ func runSync(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.Mirror) ([]*mirrorSyncResult, bo
 
 	log.Trace("SyncMirrors [repo: %-v]: running git remote update...", m.Repo)
 
-	gitArgs := []string{"remote", "update"}
+	gitArgs := []git.CmdArg{"remote", "update"}
 	if m.EnablePrune {
 		gitArgs = append(gitArgs, "--prune")
 	}
-	gitArgs = append(gitArgs, m.GetRemoteName())
+	gitArgs = append(gitArgs, git.CmdArgCheck(m.GetRemoteName()))
 
 	remoteURL, remoteErr := git.GetRemoteURL(ctx, repoPath, m.GetRemoteName())
 	if remoteErr != nil {
@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ func runSync(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.Mirror) ([]*mirrorSyncResult, bo
 		log.Trace("SyncMirrors [repo: %-v Wiki]: running git remote update...", m.Repo)
 		stderrBuilder.Reset()
 		stdoutBuilder.Reset()
-		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "update", "--prune", m.GetRemoteName()).
+		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "update", "--prune").AddDynamicArguments(m.GetRemoteName()).
 			SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("Mirror.runSync Wiki: %s ", m.Repo.FullName())).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Timeout: timeout,
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ func runSync(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.Mirror) ([]*mirrorSyncResult, bo
 					stderrBuilder.Reset()
 					stdoutBuilder.Reset()
 
-					if err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "update", "--prune", m.GetRemoteName()).
+					if err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "update", "--prune").AddDynamicArguments(m.GetRemoteName()).
 						SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("Mirror.runSync Wiki: %s ", m.Repo.FullName())).
 						Run(&git.RunOpts{
 							Timeout: timeout,

services/mirror/mirror_push.go

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ var stripExitStatus = regexp.MustCompile(`exit status \d+ - `)
 // AddPushMirrorRemote registers the push mirror remote.
 func AddPushMirrorRemote(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.PushMirror, addr string) error {
 	addRemoteAndConfig := func(addr, path string) error {
-		cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", "--mirror=push", m.RemoteName, addr)
+		cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", "--mirror=push").AddDynamicArguments(m.RemoteName, addr)
 		if strings.Contains(addr, "://") && strings.Contains(addr, "@") {
 			cmd.SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("remote add %s --mirror=push %s [repo_path: %s]", m.RemoteName, util.SanitizeCredentialURLs(addr), path))
 		} else {
@@ -38,10 +38,10 @@ func AddPushMirrorRemote(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.PushMirror, addr str
 		if _, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path}); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "config", "--add", "remote."+m.RemoteName+".push", "+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path}); err != nil {
+		if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "config", "--add", git.CmdArg("remote."+m.RemoteName+".push"), "+refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path}); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-		if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "config", "--add", "remote."+m.RemoteName+".push", "+refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path}); err != nil {
+		if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "config", "--add", git.CmdArg("remote."+m.RemoteName+".push"), "+refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path}); err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
 		return nil
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func AddPushMirrorRemote(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.PushMirror, addr str
 
 // RemovePushMirrorRemote removes the push mirror remote.
 func RemovePushMirrorRemote(ctx context.Context, m *repo_model.PushMirror) error {
-	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "rm", m.RemoteName)
+	cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "rm").AddDynamicArguments(m.RemoteName)
 	_ = m.GetRepository()
 
 	if _, _, err := cmd.RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: m.Repo.RepoPath()}); err != nil {

services/pull/check.go

@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ func getMergeCommit(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (*git.Com
 	headFile := pr.GetGitRefName()
 
 	// Check if a pull request is merged into BaseBranch
-	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge-base", "--is-ancestor", headFile, pr.BaseBranch).
+	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge-base", "--is-ancestor").AddDynamicArguments(headFile, pr.BaseBranch).
 		RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: pr.BaseRepo.RepoPath(), Env: []string{"GIT_INDEX_FILE=" + indexTmpPath, "GIT_DIR=" + pr.BaseRepo.RepoPath()}})
 	if err != nil {
 		// Errors are signaled by a non-zero status that is not 1
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ func getMergeCommit(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (*git.Com
 	cmd := commitID[:40] + ".." + pr.BaseBranch
 
 	// Get the commit from BaseBranch where the pull request got merged
-	mergeCommit, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--ancestry-path", "--merges", "--reverse", cmd).
+	mergeCommit, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rev-list", "--ancestry-path", "--merges", "--reverse").AddDynamicArguments(cmd).
 		RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: "", Env: []string{"GIT_INDEX_FILE=" + indexTmpPath, "GIT_DIR=" + pr.BaseRepo.RepoPath()}})
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("git rev-list --ancestry-path --merges --reverse: %v", err)

services/pull/merge.go

@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 	stagingBranch := "staging"
 
 	if expectedHeadCommitID != "" {
-		trackingCommitID, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "show-ref", "--hash", git.BranchPrefix+trackingBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
+		trackingCommitID, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "show-ref", "--hash").AddDynamicArguments(git.BranchPrefix + trackingBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
 		if err != nil {
 			log.Error("show-ref[%s] --hash refs/heads/trackingn: %v", tmpBasePath, git.BranchPrefix+trackingBranch, err)
 			return "", fmt.Errorf("getDiffTree: %v", err)
@@ -360,15 +360,15 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 	committer := sig
 
 	// Determine if we should sign
-	var signArg string
+	var signArg git.CmdArg
 	sign, keyID, signer, _ := asymkey_service.SignMerge(ctx, pr, doer, tmpBasePath, "HEAD", trackingBranch)
 	if sign {
-		signArg = "-S" + keyID
+		signArg = git.CmdArg("-S" + keyID)
 		if pr.BaseRepo.GetTrustModel() == repo_model.CommitterTrustModel || pr.BaseRepo.GetTrustModel() == repo_model.CollaboratorCommitterTrustModel {
 			committer = signer
 		}
 	} else {
-		signArg = "--no-gpg-sign"
+		signArg = git.CmdArg("--no-gpg-sign")
 	}
 
 	commitTimeStr := time.Now().Format(time.RFC3339)
@@ -386,7 +386,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 	// Merge commits.
 	switch mergeStyle {
 	case repo_model.MergeStyleMerge:
-		cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge", "--no-ff", "--no-commit", trackingBranch)
+		cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge", "--no-ff", "--no-commit").AddDynamicArguments(trackingBranch)
 		if err := runMergeCommand(pr, mergeStyle, cmd, tmpBasePath); err != nil {
 			log.Error("Unable to merge tracking into base: %v", err)
 			return "", err
@@ -402,7 +402,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 		fallthrough
 	case repo_model.MergeStyleRebaseMerge:
 		// Checkout head branch
-		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "checkout", "-b", stagingBranch, trackingBranch).
+		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "checkout", "-b").AddDynamicArguments(stagingBranch, trackingBranch).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 				Stdout: &outbuf,
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 		errbuf.Reset()
 
 		// Rebase before merging
-		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rebase", baseBranch).
+		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "rebase").AddDynamicArguments(baseBranch).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 				Stdout: &outbuf,
@@ -468,7 +468,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 		}
 
 		// Checkout base branch again
-		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "checkout", baseBranch).
+		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "checkout").AddDynamicArguments(baseBranch).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 				Stdout: &outbuf,
@@ -486,7 +486,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 		} else {
 			cmd.AddArguments("--no-ff", "--no-commit")
 		}
-		cmd.AddArguments(stagingBranch)
+		cmd.AddDynamicArguments(stagingBranch)
 
 		// Prepare merge with commit
 		if err := runMergeCommand(pr, mergeStyle, cmd, tmpBasePath); err != nil {
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 		}
 	case repo_model.MergeStyleSquash:
 		// Merge with squash
-		cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge", "--squash", trackingBranch)
+		cmd := git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge", "--squash").AddDynamicArguments(trackingBranch)
 		if err := runMergeCommand(pr, mergeStyle, cmd, tmpBasePath); err != nil {
 			log.Error("Unable to merge --squash tracking into base: %v", err)
 			return "", err
@@ -513,7 +513,7 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 		}
 		sig := pr.Issue.Poster.NewGitSig()
 		if signArg == "" {
-			if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit", fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", sig.Name, sig.Email), "-m", message).
+			if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit", git.CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", sig.Name, sig.Email)), "-m").AddDynamicArguments(message).
 				Run(&git.RunOpts{
 					Env:    env,
 					Dir:    tmpBasePath,
@@ -528,7 +528,10 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 				// add trailer
 				message += fmt.Sprintf("\nCo-authored-by: %s\nCo-committed-by: %s\n", sig.String(), sig.String())
 			}
-			if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit", signArg, fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", sig.Name, sig.Email), "-m", message).
+			if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit").
+				AddArguments(signArg).
+				AddArguments(git.CmdArg(fmt.Sprintf("--author='%s <%s>'", sig.Name, sig.Email))).
+				AddArguments("-m").AddDynamicArguments(message).
 				Run(&git.RunOpts{
 					Env:    env,
 					Dir:    tmpBasePath,
@@ -592,9 +595,9 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 	var pushCmd *git.Command
 	if mergeStyle == repo_model.MergeStyleRebaseUpdate {
 		// force push the rebase result to head branch
-		pushCmd = git.NewCommand(ctx, "push", "-f", "head_repo", stagingBranch+":"+git.BranchPrefix+pr.HeadBranch)
+		pushCmd = git.NewCommand(ctx, "push", "-f", "head_repo").AddDynamicArguments(stagingBranch + ":" + git.BranchPrefix + pr.HeadBranch)
 	} else {
-		pushCmd = git.NewCommand(ctx, "push", "origin", baseBranch+":"+git.BranchPrefix+pr.BaseBranch)
+		pushCmd = git.NewCommand(ctx, "push", "origin").AddDynamicArguments(baseBranch + ":" + git.BranchPrefix + pr.BaseBranch)
 	}
 
 	// Push back to upstream.
@@ -629,10 +632,10 @@ func rawMerge(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, doer *user_mode
 	return mergeCommitID, nil
 }
 
-func commitAndSignNoAuthor(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, message, signArg, tmpBasePath string, env []string) error {
+func commitAndSignNoAuthor(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, message string, signArg git.CmdArg, tmpBasePath string, env []string) error {
 	var outbuf, errbuf strings.Builder
 	if signArg == "" {
-		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit", "-m", message).
+		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit", "-m").AddDynamicArguments(message).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Env:    env,
 				Dir:    tmpBasePath,
@@ -643,7 +646,7 @@ func commitAndSignNoAuthor(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, me
 			return fmt.Errorf("git commit [%s:%s -> %s:%s]: %v\n%s\n%s", pr.HeadRepo.FullName(), pr.HeadBranch, pr.BaseRepo.FullName(), pr.BaseBranch, err, outbuf.String(), errbuf.String())
 		}
 	} else {
-		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit", signArg, "-m", message).
+		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "commit").AddArguments(signArg).AddArguments("-m").AddDynamicArguments(message).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Env:    env,
 				Dir:    tmpBasePath,
@@ -696,7 +699,7 @@ func getDiffTree(ctx context.Context, repoPath, baseBranch, headBranch string) (
 	getDiffTreeFromBranch := func(repoPath, baseBranch, headBranch string) (string, error) {
 		var outbuf, errbuf strings.Builder
 		// Compute the diff-tree for sparse-checkout
-		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "diff-tree", "--no-commit-id", "--name-only", "-r", "-z", "--root", baseBranch, headBranch, "--").
+		if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "diff-tree", "--no-commit-id", "--name-only", "-r", "-z", "--root").AddDynamicArguments(baseBranch, headBranch).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Dir:    repoPath,
 				Stdout: &outbuf,

services/pull/patch.go

@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ func attemptMerge(ctx context.Context, file *unmergedFile, tmpBasePath string, g
 		}
 
 		// Need to get the objects from the object db to attempt to merge
-		root, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "unpack-file", file.stage1.sha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
+		root, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "unpack-file").AddDynamicArguments(file.stage1.sha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("unable to get root object: %s at path: %s for merging. Error: %w", file.stage1.sha, file.stage1.path, err)
 		}
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ func attemptMerge(ctx context.Context, file *unmergedFile, tmpBasePath string, g
 			_ = util.Remove(filepath.Join(tmpBasePath, root))
 		}()
 
-		base, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "unpack-file", file.stage2.sha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
+		base, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "unpack-file").AddDynamicArguments(file.stage2.sha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("unable to get base object: %s at path: %s for merging. Error: %w", file.stage2.sha, file.stage2.path, err)
 		}
@@ -195,7 +195,7 @@ func attemptMerge(ctx context.Context, file *unmergedFile, tmpBasePath string, g
 		defer func() {
 			_ = util.Remove(base)
 		}()
-		head, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "unpack-file", file.stage3.sha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
+		head, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "unpack-file").AddDynamicArguments(file.stage3.sha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("unable to get head object:%s at path: %s for merging. Error: %w", file.stage3.sha, file.stage3.path, err)
 		}
@@ -205,13 +205,13 @@ func attemptMerge(ctx context.Context, file *unmergedFile, tmpBasePath string, g
 		}()
 
 		// now git merge-file annoyingly takes a different order to the merge-tree ...
-		_, _, conflictErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge-file", base, root, head).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
+		_, _, conflictErr := git.NewCommand(ctx, "merge-file").AddDynamicArguments(base, root, head).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
 		if conflictErr != nil {
 			return &errMergeConflict{file.stage2.path}
 		}
 
 		// base now contains the merged data
-		hash, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "hash-object", "-w", "--path", file.stage2.path, base).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
+		hash, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "hash-object", "-w", "--path").AddDynamicArguments(file.stage2.path, base).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: tmpBasePath})
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ func AttemptThreeWayMerge(ctx context.Context, gitPath string, gitRepo *git.Repo
 	defer cancel()
 
 	// First we use read-tree to do a simple three-way merge
-	if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "read-tree", "-m", base, ours, theirs).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: gitPath}); err != nil {
+	if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "read-tree", "-m").AddDynamicArguments(base, ours, theirs).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: gitPath}); err != nil {
 		log.Error("Unable to run read-tree -m! Error: %v", err)
 		return false, nil, fmt.Errorf("unable to run read-tree -m! Error: %v", err)
 	}
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ func checkConflicts(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, gitRepo *
 	prConfig := prUnit.PullRequestsConfig()
 
 	// 6. Prepare the arguments to apply the patch against the index
-	args := []string{"apply", "--check", "--cached"}
+	args := []git.CmdArg{"apply", "--check", "--cached"}
 	if prConfig.IgnoreWhitespaceConflicts {
 		args = append(args, "--ignore-whitespace")
 	}
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ func checkConflicts(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest, gitRepo *
 		args = append(args, "--3way")
 		is3way = true
 	}
-	args = append(args, patchPath)
+	args = append(args, git.CmdArgCheck(patchPath))
 
 	// 7. Prep the pipe:
 	//   - Here we could do the equivalent of:

services/pull/pull.go

@@ -490,7 +490,7 @@ func UpdateRef(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (err error) {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "update-ref", pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.HeadCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: pr.BaseRepo.RepoPath()})
+	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(ctx, "update-ref").AddDynamicArguments(pr.GetGitRefName(), pr.HeadCommitID).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: pr.BaseRepo.RepoPath()})
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("Unable to update ref in base repository for PR[%d] Error: %v", pr.ID, err)
 	}

services/pull/temp_repo.go

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func createTemporaryRepo(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (str
 	}
 
 	var outbuf, errbuf strings.Builder
-	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", "-t", pr.BaseBranch, "-m", pr.BaseBranch, "origin", baseRepoPath).
+	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", "-t").AddDynamicArguments(pr.BaseBranch).AddArguments("-m").AddDynamicArguments(pr.BaseBranch).AddDynamicArguments("origin", baseRepoPath).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 			Stdout: &outbuf,
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ func createTemporaryRepo(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (str
 	outbuf.Reset()
 	errbuf.Reset()
 
-	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "fetch", "origin", "--no-tags", "--", pr.BaseBranch+":"+baseBranch, pr.BaseBranch+":original_"+baseBranch).
+	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "fetch", "origin", "--no-tags").AddDashesAndList(pr.BaseBranch+":"+baseBranch, pr.BaseBranch+":original_"+baseBranch).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 			Stdout: &outbuf,
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ func createTemporaryRepo(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (str
 	outbuf.Reset()
 	errbuf.Reset()
 
-	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref", "HEAD", git.BranchPrefix+baseBranch).
+	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "symbolic-ref").AddDynamicArguments("HEAD", git.BranchPrefix+baseBranch).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 			Stdout: &outbuf,
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@ func createTemporaryRepo(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (str
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("Unable to head base repository to temporary repo [%s -> tmpBasePath]: %v", pr.HeadRepo.FullName(), err)
 	}
 
-	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add", remoteRepoName, headRepoPath).
+	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "remote", "add").AddDynamicArguments(remoteRepoName, headRepoPath).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 			Stdout: &outbuf,
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func createTemporaryRepo(ctx context.Context, pr *issues_model.PullRequest) (str
 	} else {
 		headBranch = pr.GetGitRefName()
 	}
-	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags", remoteRepoName, headBranch+":"+trackingBranch).
+	if err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "fetch", "--no-tags").AddDynamicArguments(remoteRepoName, headBranch+":"+trackingBranch).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Dir:    tmpBasePath,
 			Stdout: &outbuf,

services/release/release.go

@@ -309,7 +309,7 @@ func DeleteReleaseByID(ctx context.Context, id int64, doer *user_model.User, del
 			}
 		}
 
-		if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "tag", "-d", "--", rel.TagName).
+		if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(ctx, "tag", "-d").AddDashesAndList(rel.TagName).
 			SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("DeleteReleaseByID (git tag -d): %d", rel.ID)).
 			RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()}); err != nil && !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "not found") {
 			log.Error("DeleteReleaseByID (git tag -d): %d in %v Failed:\nStdout: %s\nError: %v", rel.ID, repo, stdout, err)

services/repository/check.go

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 // GitFsck calls 'git fsck' to check repository health.
-func GitFsck(ctx context.Context, timeout time.Duration, args []string) error {
+func GitFsck(ctx context.Context, timeout time.Duration, args []git.CmdArg) error {
 	log.Trace("Doing: GitFsck")
 
 	if err := db.Iterate(
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ func GitFsck(ctx context.Context, timeout time.Duration, args []string) error {
 }
 
 // GitGcRepos calls 'git gc' to remove unnecessary files and optimize the local repository
-func GitGcRepos(ctx context.Context, timeout time.Duration, args ...string) error {
+func GitGcRepos(ctx context.Context, timeout time.Duration, args ...git.CmdArg) error {
 	log.Trace("Doing: GitGcRepos")
-	args = append([]string{"gc"}, args...)
+	args = append([]git.CmdArg{"gc"}, args...)
 
 	if err := db.Iterate(
 		ctx,

services/repository/files/patch.go

@@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ func ApplyDiffPatch(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, doer *user
 	stdout := &strings.Builder{}
 	stderr := &strings.Builder{}
 
-	args := []string{"apply", "--index", "--recount", "--cached", "--ignore-whitespace", "--whitespace=fix", "--binary"}
+	args := []git.CmdArg{"apply", "--index", "--recount", "--cached", "--ignore-whitespace", "--whitespace=fix", "--binary"}
 
 	if git.CheckGitVersionAtLeast("2.32") == nil {
 		args = append(args, "-3")

services/repository/files/temp_repo.go

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) Close() {
 
 // Clone the base repository to our path and set branch as the HEAD
 func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) Clone(branch string) error {
-	if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, "clone", "-s", "--bare", "-b", branch, t.repo.RepoPath(), t.basePath).RunStdString(nil); err != nil {
+	if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, "clone", "-s", "--bare", "-b").AddDynamicArguments(branch, t.repo.RepoPath(), t.basePath).RunStdString(nil); err != nil {
 		stderr := err.Error()
 		if matched, _ := regexp.MatchString(".*Remote branch .* not found in upstream origin.*", stderr); matched {
 			return git.ErrBranchNotExist{
@@ -104,14 +104,7 @@ func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) LsFiles(filenames ...string) ([]string, erro
 	stdOut := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	stdErr := new(bytes.Buffer)
 
-	cmdArgs := []string{"ls-files", "-z", "--"}
-	for _, arg := range filenames {
-		if arg != "" {
-			cmdArgs = append(cmdArgs, arg)
-		}
-	}
-
-	if err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, cmdArgs...).
+	if err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, "ls-files", "-z").AddDashesAndList(filenames...).
 		Run(&git.RunOpts{
 			Dir:    t.basePath,
 			Stdout: stdOut,
@@ -177,7 +170,7 @@ func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) HashObject(content io.Reader) (string, error
 
 // AddObjectToIndex adds the provided object hash to the index with the provided mode and path
 func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) AddObjectToIndex(mode, objectHash, objectPath string) error {
-	if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, "update-index", "--add", "--replace", "--cacheinfo", mode, objectHash, objectPath).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: t.basePath}); err != nil {
+	if _, _, err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, "update-index", "--add", "--replace", "--cacheinfo").AddDynamicArguments(mode, objectHash, objectPath).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: t.basePath}); err != nil {
 		stderr := err.Error()
 		if matched, _ := regexp.MatchString(".*Invalid path '.*", stderr); matched {
 			return models.ErrFilePathInvalid{
@@ -211,7 +204,7 @@ func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) GetLastCommitByRef(ref string) (string, erro
 	if ref == "" {
 		ref = "HEAD"
 	}
-	stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, "rev-parse", ref).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: t.basePath})
+	stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(t.ctx, "rev-parse").AddDynamicArguments(ref).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: t.basePath})
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Error("Unable to get last ref for %s in temporary repo: %s(%s): Error: %v", ref, t.repo.FullName(), t.basePath, err)
 		return "", fmt.Errorf("Unable to rev-parse %s in temporary repo for: %s Error: %v", ref, t.repo.FullName(), err)
@@ -241,11 +234,11 @@ func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) CommitTreeWithDate(parent string, author, co
 	_, _ = messageBytes.WriteString(message)
 	_, _ = messageBytes.WriteString("\n")
 
-	var args []string
+	var args []git.CmdArg
 	if parent != "" {
-		args = []string{"commit-tree", treeHash, "-p", parent}
+		args = []git.CmdArg{"commit-tree", git.CmdArgCheck(treeHash), "-p", git.CmdArgCheck(parent)}
 	} else {
-		args = []string{"commit-tree", treeHash}
+		args = []git.CmdArg{"commit-tree", git.CmdArgCheck(treeHash)}
 	}
 
 	var sign bool
@@ -257,7 +250,7 @@ func (t *TemporaryUploadRepository) CommitTreeWithDate(parent string, author, co
 		sign, keyID, signer, _ = asymkey_service.SignInitialCommit(t.ctx, t.repo.RepoPath(), author)
 	}
 	if sign {
-		args = append(args, "-S"+keyID)
+		args = append(args, git.CmdArg("-S"+keyID))
 		if t.repo.GetTrustModel() == repo_model.CommitterTrustModel || t.repo.GetTrustModel() == repo_model.CollaboratorCommitterTrustModel {
 			if committerSig.Name != authorSig.Name || committerSig.Email != authorSig.Email {
 				// Add trailers

services/repository/files/update.go

@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ func CreateOrUpdateRepoFile(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, do
 	if setting.LFS.StartServer && hasOldBranch {
 		// Check there is no way this can return multiple infos
 		filename2attribute2info, err := t.gitRepo.CheckAttribute(git.CheckAttributeOpts{
-			Attributes: []string{"filter"},
+			Attributes: []git.CmdArg{"filter"},
 			Filenames:  []string{treePath},
 			CachedOnly: true,
 		})

services/repository/files/upload.go

@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ func UploadRepoFiles(ctx context.Context, repo *repo_model.Repository, doer *use
 	var filename2attribute2info map[string]map[string]string
 	if setting.LFS.StartServer {
 		filename2attribute2info, err = t.gitRepo.CheckAttribute(git.CheckAttributeOpts{
-			Attributes: []string{"filter"},
+			Attributes: []git.CmdArg{"filter"},
 			Filenames:  names,
 			CachedOnly: true,
 		})

services/repository/fork.go

@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ func ForkRepository(ctx context.Context, doer, owner *user_model.User, opts Fork
 
 		repoPath := repo_model.RepoPath(owner.Name, repo.Name)
 		if stdout, _, err := git.NewCommand(txCtx,
-			"clone", "--bare", oldRepoPath, repoPath).
+			"clone", "--bare").AddDynamicArguments(oldRepoPath, repoPath).
 			SetDescription(fmt.Sprintf("ForkRepository(git clone): %s to %s", opts.BaseRepo.FullName(), repo.FullName())).
 			RunStdBytes(&git.RunOpts{Timeout: 10 * time.Minute}); err != nil {
 			log.Error("Fork Repository (git clone) Failed for %v (from %v):\nStdout: %s\nError: %v", repo, opts.BaseRepo, stdout, err)

tests/integration/api_repo_git_tags_test.go

@@ -29,8 +29,8 @@ func TestAPIGitTags(t *testing.T) {
 	token := getTokenForLoggedInUser(t, session)
 
 	// Set up git config for the tagger
-	_ = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "config", "user.name", user.Name).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
-	_ = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "config", "user.email", user.Email).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
+	_ = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "config", "user.name").AddDynamicArguments(user.Name).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
+	_ = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "config", "user.email").AddDynamicArguments(user.Email).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repo.RepoPath()})
 
 	gitRepo, _ := git.OpenRepository(git.DefaultContext, repo.RepoPath())
 	defer gitRepo.Close()

tests/integration/git_clone_wiki_test.go

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func TestRepoCloneWiki(t *testing.T) {
 		u, _ = url.Parse(r)
 		u.User = url.UserPassword("user2", userPassword)
 		t.Run("Clone", func(t *testing.T) {
-			assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(context.Background(), u.String(), dstPath, git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), git.CloneRepoOptions{}))
+			assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(context.Background(), git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), u.String(), dstPath, git.CloneRepoOptions{}))
 			assertFileEqual(t, filepath.Join(dstPath, "Home.md"), []byte("# Home page\n\nThis is the home page!\n"))
 			assertFileExist(t, filepath.Join(dstPath, "Page-With-Image.md"))
 			assertFileExist(t, filepath.Join(dstPath, "Page-With-Spaced-Name.md"))

tests/integration/git_helper_for_declarative_test.go

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ func onGiteaRun(t *testing.T, callback func(*testing.T, *url.URL), prepare ...bo
 
 func doGitClone(dstLocalPath string, u *url.URL) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
-		assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(context.Background(), u.String(), dstLocalPath, git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), git.CloneRepoOptions{}))
+		assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(context.Background(), git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), u.String(), dstLocalPath, git.CloneRepoOptions{}))
 		exist, err := util.IsExist(filepath.Join(dstLocalPath, "README.md"))
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		assert.True(t, exist)
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ func doGitClone(dstLocalPath string, u *url.URL) func(*testing.T) {
 
 func doPartialGitClone(dstLocalPath string, u *url.URL) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
-		assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(context.Background(), u.String(), dstLocalPath, git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), git.CloneRepoOptions{
+		assert.NoError(t, git.CloneWithArgs(context.Background(), git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), u.String(), dstLocalPath, git.CloneRepoOptions{
 			Filter: "blob:none",
 		}))
 		exist, err := util.IsExist(filepath.Join(dstLocalPath, "README.md"))
@@ -150,47 +150,47 @@ func doGitInitTestRepository(dstPath string) func(*testing.T) {
 
 func doGitAddRemote(dstPath, remoteName string, u *url.URL) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
-		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "remote", "add", remoteName, u.String()).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "remote", "add").AddDynamicArguments(remoteName, u.String()).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 }
 
-func doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath string, args ...string) func(*testing.T) {
+func doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath string, args ...git.CmdArg) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
-		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, append([]string{"push", "-u"}, args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, append([]git.CmdArg{"push", "-u"}, args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 }
 
-func doGitPushTestRepositoryFail(dstPath string, args ...string) func(*testing.T) {
+func doGitPushTestRepositoryFail(dstPath string, args ...git.CmdArg) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
-		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, append([]string{"push"}, args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, append([]git.CmdArg{"push"}, args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.Error(t, err)
 	}
 }
 
 func doGitCreateBranch(dstPath, branch string) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
-		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "checkout", "-b", branch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "checkout", "-b").AddDynamicArguments(branch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 }
 
-func doGitCheckoutBranch(dstPath string, args ...string) func(*testing.T) {
+func doGitCheckoutBranch(dstPath string, args ...git.CmdArg) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, _, err := git.NewCommandNoGlobals(append(append(git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), "checkout"), args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 }
 
-func doGitMerge(dstPath string, args ...string) func(*testing.T) {
+func doGitMerge(dstPath string, args ...git.CmdArg) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
-		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, append([]string{"merge"}, args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+		_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, append([]git.CmdArg{"merge"}, args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 	}
 }
 
-func doGitPull(dstPath string, args ...string) func(*testing.T) {
+func doGitPull(dstPath string, args ...git.CmdArg) func(*testing.T) {
 	return func(t *testing.T) {
 		_, _, err := git.NewCommandNoGlobals(append(append(git.AllowLFSFiltersArgs(), "pull"), args...)...).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)

tests/integration/git_test.go

@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ func lfsCommitAndPushTest(t *testing.T, dstPath string) (littleLFS, bigLFS strin
 		prefix := "lfs-data-file-"
 		err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("install").Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("track", prefix+"*").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("track").AddDynamicArguments(prefix + "*").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		err = git.AddChanges(dstPath, false, ".gitattributes")
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
@@ -279,11 +279,11 @@ func lockTest(t *testing.T, repoPath string) {
 func lockFileTest(t *testing.T, filename, repoPath string) {
 	_, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("locks").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("lock", filename).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("lock").AddDynamicArguments(filename).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("locks").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
-	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("unlock", filename).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
+	_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "lfs").AddArguments("unlock").AddDynamicArguments(filename).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: repoPath})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 }
 
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ func doCreatePRAndSetManuallyMerged(ctx, baseCtx APITestContext, dstPath, baseBr
 		}))
 
 		t.Run("CreateHeadBranch", doGitCreateBranch(dstPath, headBranch))
-		t.Run("PushToHeadBranch", doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath, "origin", headBranch))
+		t.Run("PushToHeadBranch", doGitPushTestRepository(dstPath, "origin", git.CmdArgCheck(headBranch)))
 		t.Run("CreateEmptyPullRequest", func(t *testing.T) {
 			pr, err = doAPICreatePullRequest(ctx, baseCtx.Username, baseCtx.Reponame, baseBranch, headBranch)(t)
 			assert.NoError(t, err)
@@ -736,7 +736,7 @@ func doCreateAgitFlowPull(dstPath string, ctx *APITestContext, baseBranch, headB
 		})
 
 		t.Run("Push", func(t *testing.T) {
-			err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin", "HEAD:refs/for/master", "-o", "topic="+headBranch).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+			err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin", "HEAD:refs/for/master", "-o").AddDynamicArguments("topic=" + headBranch).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 			if !assert.NoError(t, err) {
 				return
 			}
@@ -757,7 +757,7 @@ func doCreateAgitFlowPull(dstPath string, ctx *APITestContext, baseBranch, headB
 			assert.Contains(t, "Testing commit 1", prMsg.Body)
 			assert.Equal(t, commit, prMsg.Head.Sha)
 
-			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin", "HEAD:refs/for/master/test/"+headBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin").AddDynamicArguments("HEAD:refs/for/master/test/" + headBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 			if !assert.NoError(t, err) {
 				return
 			}
@@ -810,7 +810,7 @@ func doCreateAgitFlowPull(dstPath string, ctx *APITestContext, baseBranch, headB
 		})
 
 		t.Run("Push2", func(t *testing.T) {
-			err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin", "HEAD:refs/for/master", "-o", "topic="+headBranch).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+			err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin", "HEAD:refs/for/master", "-o").AddDynamicArguments("topic=" + headBranch).Run(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 			if !assert.NoError(t, err) {
 				return
 			}
@@ -822,7 +822,7 @@ func doCreateAgitFlowPull(dstPath string, ctx *APITestContext, baseBranch, headB
 			assert.Equal(t, false, prMsg.HasMerged)
 			assert.Equal(t, commit, prMsg.Head.Sha)
 
-			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin", "HEAD:refs/for/master/test/"+headBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
+			_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "push", "origin").AddDynamicArguments("HEAD:refs/for/master/test/" + headBranch).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: dstPath})
 			if !assert.NoError(t, err) {
 				return
 			}

tests/integration/pull_merge_test.go

@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ func TestCantMergeUnrelated(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		sha := strings.TrimSpace(stdout.String())
 
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "update-index", "--add", "--replace", "--cacheinfo", "100644", sha, "somewher-over-the-rainbow").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "update-index", "--add", "--replace", "--cacheinfo", "100644", git.CmdArgCheck(sha), "somewher-over-the-rainbow").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 
 		treeSha, _, err := git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "write-tree").RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path})
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ func TestCantMergeUnrelated(t *testing.T) {
 		_, _ = messageBytes.WriteString("\n")
 
 		stdout.Reset()
-		err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "commit-tree", treeSha).
+		err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "commit-tree").AddDynamicArguments(treeSha).
 			Run(&git.RunOpts{
 				Env:    env,
 				Dir:    path,
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@ func TestCantMergeUnrelated(t *testing.T) {
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 		commitSha := strings.TrimSpace(stdout.String())
 
-		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "branch", "unrelated", commitSha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path})
+		_, _, err = git.NewCommand(git.DefaultContext, "branch", "unrelated").AddDynamicArguments(commitSha).RunStdString(&git.RunOpts{Dir: path})
 		assert.NoError(t, err)
 
 		testEditFileToNewBranch(t, session, "user1", "repo1", "master", "conflict", "README.md", "Hello, World (Edited Once)\n")